Study on the correlation between dietary patterns and obesity in 515 Uygurs subjects
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摘要: 目的 研究维吾尔族居民膳食模式与肥胖的关联性,为指导维吾尔族居民预防肥胖提供科学依据。方法 采用因子分析的方法,对515名维吾尔族居民膳食模式与肥胖的关联性进行分析。结果 通过因子分析,提取4种膳食模式:杂粮模式(杂粮、蔬菜、水果、禽肉、畜肉等)、坚果模式(坚果、奶类、蛋类、畜肉、油脂等)、主食模式(大米、面食、蛋类、茶水、盐等)和高脂模式(油脂、茶水、盐、畜肉、蛋类等);主食模式和高脂模式高分位组的肥胖发生率均高于低分位组,差别具有统计学意义(均有P<0.001);而杂粮模式高分位组的肥胖发生率低于低分位组(χ2=32.48,P<0.001)。Logistic回归分析显示,调整相关混杂因素后,主食模式肥胖的患病风险增加(OR=2.49,95% CI:2.25~2.73,P=0.025);高脂模式肥胖的患病风险增加(OR=3.06,95% CI:2.79~3.34,P=0.017);杂粮模式肥胖的危险性降低(OR=0.62,95% CI:0.28~0.96,P=0.042)。结论 杂粮模式与肥胖呈负相关,而主食模式与高脂模式和肥胖间呈正相关。为了预防肥胖,建议维吾尔族居民减少油脂和肉类摄入,多选择富含膳食纤维的杂粮膳食模式。Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between dietary patterns and obesity in Uygur residents and to provide a scientific basis for preventing obesity. Methods A total of 515 Uygur residents were included. Factor analysis method was used to study the relationship between dietary patterns and obesity. Results Four dietary patterns were identified:grains pattern (food grains other than wheat and rice, vegetables, fruits, meat, poultry,etc); nut pattern(beans and nut, milk and milk products, eggs, meat, fats and oils,etc); staple pattern (rice,wheat, eggs,tea,salt,etc); high-fat pattern (fats and oils, tea, salt, meat, eggs,etc). The prevalence of obesity for the staple and high-fat pattern's highest tertile was higher than the lowest (all P<0.001),and the prevalence of obesity for the grains pattern's highest tertile was lower than the lowest.(χ2=32.48,P <0.001); After adjustment for relevant confounders the results of Logistic regression analysis showed that the staple pattern could increase the risk of obesity(OR=2.49,95% CI:2.25-2.73,P=0.025), the high-fat pattern could increase the risk of obesity(OR=3.06,95% CI:2.79-3.34,P=0.017), and the grains pattern could reduce the risk of obesity(OR=0.62,95% CI:0.28-0.96,P=0.042). Conclusions The grains pattern is inversely associated with obesity risk; staple and high-fat pattern are positively associated with obesity risk. In order to prevent obesity, people should reduce fat and meat intake and choose grains dietary patterns that rich in dietary fiber.
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