Abstract: Objective To understand the distribution and characteristics of injury cases in urban and rural areas in Jiangsu, and provide the basis for the development of effective injury prevention strategy.Methods Data of first-time injuries reported by Jiangsu Injury Surveillance sentinel hospitals from 2006 to 2014 were collected and descriptively analysed.Results A total of 508 728 cases were included. Urban residents aged 40-, 20-and 45-years old had the highest injury rates (11.9%, 11.1% and 10.1%), while injury most commonly occurred among rural residents aged 20-(11.7%), 40-(10.5%) and 25-(9.8%). The major career structure of the urban and rural injury cases were respectively business and service (14.7%), and production and transportation (45.2%).The major cause of injuries in the urban area was falls (32.2%), whereas was traffic-related (25.0%)in rural area. In both urban and rural areas, the major place where injuries occurred was road/street. Recreation activities were the major activities when injuries took place. Most injury cases were unintentional.Conclusions Falls and traffic accidences were main causes of injuries among both rural and urban residents annually. Intervention strategies are needed to to decrease the injury incidence.