Abstract: Analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of human avian influenza in Hunan Province from 2005 to 2017 in order to provide scientific evidences for making and modifying control strategies. Methods Describe the epidemic situation of human avian influenza in Hunan and the cases distribution and exposure history, including the family-clustered cases. Results Six H5N1 cases, four H5N6 cases, ninty-nine H7N9 cases and six H9N2 cases have been confirmed in Hunan. Most of the human avian influenza cases occurred between November and the following April. H5N1 cases were distributed in five cities, H5N6 cases were distributed in four cities, H9N2 cases were distributed in three cities, and H7N9 cases were distributed in thirteen cities. All of the four subtype human avian influenza has been found in male and female. The average age of H5N1, H5N6 and H9N2 cases was younger than H7N9. Fifty-one percents of the human avian influenza were farmers. 95.5% of the cases have been exposed to poultry or environments polluted by poultry. Suspected family-clustered H5N1 cases and H5N6 cases have occurred and family-clustered H7N9 cases have been confirmed in Hunan. Conclusions Poultry and environments polluted by poultry were the main infectious sources of human avian influenza, thus environmental surveillance was beneficial to disease forecast and precaution. Since the transmission of avian influenza virus among human were limited and non-sustainable, surveillance on virus gene's change and medical observation on close contacts were significant for preventing occurrence of the secondary cases.