Abstract: Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the main pathogens causing hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD), which is associated with severe complications, leading to high morbidity and mortality. It is a major public health problem that is harmful to the health of infants and young children. During EV71 infection, the host antiviral innate immune response was activated to clear and against EV71, while EV71 can escape the elimination of innate immunity through a series of mechanisms. There is a combat relationship between EV71 and innate immunity, and the results are closely related to the course and outcome of EV71 infection in HFMD patients. This review focuses on the research progress of the interaction between EV71 infection and innate immune response in recent years and try to provide clues and reference for further EV71 research, vaccine and drug development.