Abstract: Objective To explore the self-rated health status of Bengbu residents and their influencing factors, and provide basis for improving the health level of Bengbu residents. Methods The stratified random sampling method was used to extract the residents who are not less than 18 years old at Bengbu, which conduct the survey with self-designed questionnaire, the data were analysed by multinomial Logistic regression factors of impacting on the health of the residents of self-rated health. Results Among the 3 294 residents, 1 536 (46.6%) individuals evaluated their health status as good, 1 333 (40.5%) as general, and 425 (12.9%) as poor. Multifactor analysis showed that the factors associated with self-reported health have gender, education, income, family history of chronic conditions, suffering from chronic conditions, reporting illness within 2 week, health care costs accounted for earning ratio, alcohol consumption, physical exercise, mental health status (all P<0.05). Conclusions Focus on the health of key groups, such as male, poor education, low income group, etc. Through health education, psychological intervention, residents can improve their self-evaluation of health.