2015年日喀则市南木林县藏族小学生营养状况分析

晋美扎巴; 巴桑片多; 张高辉; 梁静; 尼玛次仁

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.04.023

2015年日喀则市南木林县藏族小学生营养状况分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.04.023

1.
857000 日喀则, 西藏日喀则市疾病预防控制中心
2.
250014 济南, 山东省疾病预防控制中心

详细信息

通讯作者:
张高辉, E-mail: gaohui1221@sina.com

中图分类号: R181.22
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-10-22
- 修回日期: 2019-01-13
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-10

Analysis of nutritional status of Tibetan primary school students in Namling County, Shigatse, 2015

1.
Shigatse Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tibet, Shigatse 857000, China
2.
Department of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong province, Jinan 250014, China

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHANG Gao-hui, E-mail: gaohui1221@sina.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解日喀则市南木林县小学生营养状况，为开展小学生营养卫生干预工作提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法，在日喀则市南木林县随机抽取5所小学，每个年级随机整群抽取1个班级，共调查1 097名7~12岁学生，并进行身高、体重测量。结果调查对象超重率为0.46%。营养不良率为32.27%，男生（36.61%）高于女生（27.75%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=9.847，P=0.002）；8岁年龄组营养不良率最低（25.00%），12岁年龄组营养不良率最高（53.38%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=37.808，P < 0.001）。生长迟缓率15.86%，男生（17.14%）和女生（14.53%）差异无统计学意义（χ²=1.408，P=0.235）；12岁组最高（31.76%），7岁组最低（9.66%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=34.206，P < 0.001）。消瘦率20.78%，男生（24.46%）高于女生（16.95%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=9.411，P=0.002）；各年龄组的消瘦率差异有统计学意义（χ²=25.493，P < 0.001）。结论南木林县小学生营养状况以营养不良最为突出，男生高于女生，并以生长迟缓和消瘦为主要特征。应积极开展营养知识宣教，改善学生营养状态。
- 学生 /
- 营养状况 /
- 营养不良 /
- 生长迟缓 /
- 消瘦
Abstract: Objective To understand the nutrition status of primary school students in Namling County of Shigatseand so as to provide references for nutrition health intervention for students. Methods By random cluster sampling, 5 primary schools were randomly selected, and 1 class was randomly selected from each grade. A total of 1097 subjects, aged from 7 to 12 years were selected and their height and weight were measured. Results The rate of overweight was 0.46%. The rate of malnutrition was 32.27%, and boys (36.61%) were higher than girls (27.75%) (χ²=9.847, P=0.002).The rate of malnutrition was the lowest (25.00%) in the 8 years old group, and the highest (53.38%) in 12 years old group (χ²=37.808, P < 0.001). The rate of stunting was 15.86%. There was no significant difference between boys (17.14%) and girls (14.53%) (χ²=1.408, P=0.235), and the highest (31.76%) in 12 years old group and the lowest (9.66%) in 7 years old group (χ²=34.206, P < 0.001). The rate of wasting was 20.78%, boys (24.46%) was higher than girls (16.95%) (χ²=9.411, P=0.002). There was significant difference among different age groups (χ²=25.493, P < 0.001). Conclusions Malnutrition is still a serious public health problem among students and the main characteristic was high-rate of stunting and wasting. It is necessary to strengthen nutrition education to improve the nutritional status of students.
- Students /
- Nutritional status /
- Malnutrition /
- Stunting /
- Wasting

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表 1 调查对象不同性别、年龄构成情况

Table 1. The composition of the subjects in different sex and age

年龄段(岁)	男		女		合计
年龄段(岁)	人数	构成比(%)	人数	构成比(%)	人数	构成比(%)
7	72	12.86	73	13.59	145	13.22
8	103	18.39	101	18.81	204	18.60
9	122	21.79	110	20.48	232	21.15
10	98	17.50	117	21.79	215	19.60
11	78	13.93	75	13.97	153	13.95
12	87	15.54	61	11.36	148	13.49
合计	560	51.05	537	48.95	1097	100.00

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表 2 不同性别、年龄学生各种营养不良分布情况

Table 2. Distribution of malnutrition among students of different sex and age

人群特征	营养不良[n(%)]	χ²值	P值	生长迟缓[n(%)]	χ²值	P值	消瘦[n(%)]	χ²值	P值
性别		9.847	0.002		1.408	0.235		9.411	0.002
男	205(36.61)			96(17.14)			137(24.46)
女	149(27.75)			78(14.53)			91(16.95)
年龄(岁)		37.808	＜0.001		34.206	＜0.001		25.493	＜0.001
7	42(28.97)			14(9.66)			33(22.76)
8	51(25.00)			28(13.73)			28(13.73)
9	65(28.02)			33(14.22)			40(17.24)
10	69(32.09)			30(13.95)			42(19.53)
11	48(31.37)			22(14.38)			34(22.22)
12	79(53.38)			47(31.76)			51(34.46)
合计	354(32.27)			174(15.86)			228(20.78)

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