江西省2012-2017年肾综合征出血热疫情分析

宋宁娟; 谢昀; 袁辉; 刘晓青; 潘欢弘

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.06.013

江西省2012-2017年肾综合征出血热疫情分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.06.013

宋宁娟^{1, 2},
谢昀^2, ,,
袁辉²,
刘晓青²,
潘欢弘²

1.
330006 南昌, 南昌大学公共卫生学院江西省预防医学重点实验室
2.
330029 南昌, 江西省疾病预防控制中心传染病防制所

基金项目:

江西省研究生创新专项资金项目 YC2018-S114

详细信息

通讯作者:
谢昀, E-mail: yxiejxcdc@126.com

中图分类号: R181.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-12-27
- 修回日期: 2019-04-01
- 刊出日期: 2019-06-10

Analysis on the prevalence of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Jiangxi Province from 2012 to 2017

1.
JiangXi Provincical Key Laboratory of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Nanchang University, Nanchang 330006, China
2.
The Institute of Infectious Diseases Prevention and Control, Center for Disease Control and Prevention of JiangXi Province, Nanchang 330029, China

Funds:

JiangXi province graduate student innovation special fund project YC2018-S114

More Information

Corresponding author: XIE Yun, E-mail: yxiejxcdc@126.com

摘要

摘要: 目的对江西省2012-2017年肾综合征出血热（hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome，HFRS）流行情况及监测点啮齿动物监测资料进行分析，为控制HFRS疫情提供科学依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法对全省2012-2017年HFRS时间、地区和人群分布资料及啮齿动物监测资料进行统计分析。结果 2012-2017年共报告HFRS病例3 763例，死亡33例，年均发病率为1.38/10万，病死率为0.88%；男女发病率差异有统计学意义（χ²=452.282，P < 0.001）；每年发病存在春季（5~6月）和冬季（11~1月）两个高峰，且冬峰明显高于春峰；职业发病中农民发病构比有所下降，家务及待业、学生和其他构成比均有不同程度的上升；两个监测点平均鼠密度为3.63%，优势鼠种室内为褐家鼠，室外为黑线姬鼠，6年平均带毒鼠指数为0.04。结论江西省2012-2017年HFRS疫情总体呈上升趋势，建议继续加强高发地区防鼠灭鼠、推广疫苗接种补种、开展全民健康教育等综合性防控措施。
- 肾综合征出血热 /
- 描述性流行病学 /
- 流行特征 /
- 病毒变异
Abstract: Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of HFRS and rodent monitoring data in JiangXi province from 2012 to 2017, so as to provide scientific basis for controlling HFRS prevalence. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was adopted to analyze the changes in time, region, and population morbidity of HFRS and rodent monitoring data from 2012 to 2017 in the province. Results From 2012 to 2017, there were 3 763 HFRS cases with 33 deaths reported in JiangXi province, the incidence was 1.38/100 000, the case fatality was 0.88%.The incidence in males was significantly higher than that in females(χ²=452.282, P < 0.001).In the composition of occupation, the proprotion of farmers was decreased, while household workers, workers waiting for employment, students and other occupations were increased.There were two peaks in spring (from May to June) and winter (from November to January), and the winter peak was obviously higher than the spring peak. The average rat density at the two surveillance areas was 3.63%. Rattus norvegicus was predominant in residential areas and Apodemus agrarius was predominant in the wild.The six years on average index of rats with virus was 0.04. Conclusion The incidence of epidemic hemorrhagic fever in JiangXi Province generally showed an upward trend from 2012 to 2017, which suggest that we should continue to strengthen comprehensive prevention and control measures: rodent control in high-incidence areas, popularize vaccination and replenishment, and carry out health education for the whole population.
- Hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome /
- Descriptive epidemiology /
- Epidemic characteristics /
- Virus variation

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图 1 江西省2008-2017年HFRS发病率趋势图

Figure 1. Incidence of HFRS in JiangXi Province from 2008 to 2017

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图 2 2012-2017年江西省HFRS职业发病数百分比分布图

Figure 2. Distribution of occupational percentages of HFRS in JiangXi province from 2012 to 2017

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表 1 2012-2017年各月份HFRS实际报告病例数与各年月均报告病例数之比

Table 1. Ratio of actual reported HFRS cases to monthly reported cases by month from 2012 to 2017

月份	年份
月份	2012	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017
1	1.60	1.84	1.18	1.63	2.36	1.95
2	0.61	1.04	0.91	0.63	1.26	0.86
3	0.51	0.54	0.63	0.60	0.92	0.53
4	0.53	0.97	0.74	0.51	0.85	0.82
5	0.79	1.39	1.32	1.32	1.14	1.41
6	1.07	1.29	1.11	1.28	1.05	1.72
7	0.36	0.78	0.51	0.50	0.50	0.61
8	0.34	0.45	0.39	0.50	0.32	0.38
9	0.45	0.40	0.42	0.45	0.37	0.38
10	0.97	0.73	0.72	0.75	0.44	0.34
11	1.90	1.18	1.60	1.59	0.89	0.97
12	2.87	1.39	2.46	2.24	1.90	2.04

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表 2 2012-2017年两个监测点HFRS啮齿类动物种类监测表

Table 2. Rodent species monitoring table of HFRS at two monitoring points from 2012 to 2017

生境	年份	布夹数	捕鼠数(只)	鼠密度	不同鼠种构成比							优势鼠种
生境	年份	布夹数	捕鼠数(只)	鼠密度	褐家鼠(%)	小家鼠(%)	黄毛鼠(%)	臭鼩鼱(%)	黑线姬鼠(%)	社鼠(%)	黄胸鼠(%)	优势鼠种
野外	2012	5 928	369	6.22	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	116(31.44)	13(3.52)	161(43.63)	7(1.90)	0(0.00)	黑线姬鼠
	2013	5 978	232	3.88	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	79(34.05)	3(1.29)	143(61.64)	7(3.02)	0(0.00)	黑线姬鼠
	2014	6 758	236	3.49	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	52(22.03)	8(3.39)	170(72.03)	6(2.54)	0(0.00)	黑线姬鼠
	2015	5 771	221	3.83	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	21(9.50)	3(1.36)	188(85.08)	9(4.07)	0(0.00)	黑线姬鼠
	2016	5 956	209	3.51	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	21(10.05)	5(2.39)	178(85.18)	5(2.39)	0(0.00)	黑线姬鼠
	2017	2 512	239	9.51	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	25(10.46)	2(0.84)	203(84.94)	8(3.35)	1(0.42)	黑线姬鼠
室内	2012	6 650	467	7.02	109(23.34)	71(15.20)	3(0.64)	1(0.21)	0(0.00)	2(0.43)	59(12.63)	褐家鼠
	2013	6 754	217	3.21	123(56.68)	38(17.51)	1(0.46)	5(2.30)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	50(23.04)	褐家鼠
	2014	6 583	236	3.58	145(61.44)	64(27.12)	2(0.85)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	1(0.42)	24(10.17)	褐家鼠
	2015	5 968	207	3.47	170(82.13)	32(15.46)	1(0.48)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	4(1.93)	褐家鼠
	2016	6 240	207	3.32	144(69.57)	45(21.74)	1(0.48)	1(0.48)	0(0.00)	5(2.42)	11(5.31)	褐家鼠
	2017	6 928	214	3.09	175(81.78)	27(12.62)	0(0.00)	7(3.27)	0.48(1/214)	1(0.48)	3(1.40)	褐家鼠

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表 3 江西省2012-2017年HFRS监测点鼠类带毒情况表

Table 3. Rodents carrying virus at HFRS surveillance sites in JiangXi Province from 2012 to 2017

年份	室内					室外
年份	鼠密度	检测数	抗原阳性数	阳性率(%)	带毒鼠指数	鼠密度	检测数	抗原阳性数	阳性率(%)	带毒鼠指数
2012	6.22	243	3	1.23	0.027 7	7.02	277	10	3.61	0.050 3
2013^a	3.88	224	17	7.59	0.054 3	3.21	224	12	5.36	0.041 5
2014	3.49	236	7	2.97	0.032 2	3.58	232	11	4.74	0.041 2
2015	3.83	207	10	4.83	0.043 0	3.47	221	17	7.69	0.051 7
2016	3.51	207	4	1.93	0.026 0	3.32	209	2	0.96	0.017 8
2017	9.51	214	1	0.47	0.021 1	3.09	239	11	4.60	0.037 7
合计	5.07	1331	42	3.16	0.040 0	3.95	1 402	63	4.49	0.042 1
注：^a2013年检测的标本为鼠血标本。

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