Study on the sleep quality and its influencing factors in rural hypertensive patients in Xuanen country of Hubei Province
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摘要:
目的 了解湖北农村高血压患者睡眠质量现状及影响因素。 方法 采用分层整群抽样方法在湖北省宣恩县抽取569名高血压患者进行问卷调查。调查内容包括匹兹堡睡眠质量指数量表（pittsburgh sleep quality index，PSQI），高血压患者行为依从性量表（compliance of hypertensive patients scale，CHPS），社会人口学情况、日常生活习惯和身体健康状况。 结果 569名高血压患者PSQI平均得分为（7.25±3.61）分，其中睡眠质量差者251（44.11%）人。影响高血压患者睡眠质量的因素有性别（P=0.006，OR=1.626）、合并其他疾病数量（P=0.001，OR=1.520）、体育锻炼（P=0.033，OR=0.660）和行为依从性（P=0.024，OR=1.707）。 结论 湖北省宣恩县农村高血压患者睡眠质量较差，且受多种因素影响，应采取有效措施提高其睡眠质量。 Abstract:Objective To investigate sleep quality and it's influencing factors of hypertensives among rural area in Hubei Province. Methods The method of stratified sampling by selecting 569 hypertensives in Xuanen county of Hubei was applied to perform the questionnaire survey, including the sociodemographic data, daily life habits and physical health data, as well as pittsburgh sleep quality index(PSQI) and compliance of hypertensive patients scale(CHPS). Results The average score of PSQI in 569 hypertensives was 7.25±3.61, of which 251(44.11%) hypertensives were poor sleep quality. The influencing factors of sleep quality for hypertensives are gender (P=0.006, OR=1.626), the number of other diseases(P=0.001, OR=1.520), regular exercise (P=0.033, OR=0.660) and the compliance of hypertensives (P=0.024, OR=1.707). Conclusions The sleep quality of rural hypertensives in Xuanen county, Hubei Province is poor, which is affected by different factors. Therefore effective measures should be taken to improve the sleep quality of hypertensives. -
Key words:
- Rural hypertensive patients /
- Sleep quality /
- Influencing factors
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表 1 PSQI各因子得分情况[n(%)]
Table 1. PSQI scores of each dimension[n(%)]
因子 0分 1分 2分 3分 平均值(x±s) 主观睡眠质量 84(14.76) 275(48.33) 160(28.12) 50(8.79) 1.31±0.83 睡眠潜伏期 139(24.43) 123(21.62) 130(22.85) 177(31.10) 1.61±1.16 睡眠时间 336(59.05) 118(20.74) 87(15.29) 28(4.92) 0.66±0.91 睡眠效率 429(75.40) 67(11.78) 35(6.14) 38(6.68) 0.44±0.88 睡眠障碍 17(2.99) 251(44.11) 257(45.17) 44(7.73) 1.58±0.68 催眠药物 556(97.72) 10(1.76) 3(0.52) 0(0) 0.03±0.19 日间功能障碍 110(19.33) 150(26.36) 151(26.54) 158(27.77) 1.63±1.09 
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表 2 高血压患者睡眠质量单因素分析[n(%)]
Table 2. Univariate analysis of sleep quality in patients with hypertension [n(%)]
因素 调查人数 睡眠质量差 PSQI得分比较 人数 χ2/Z值 P值 PSQI χ2/Z值 P值 性别 6.267 0.012 -1.845 0.066 男 251 96(38.25) 6.94±3.55 女 318 155(48.74) 7.50±3.64 年龄(岁) 2.868 0.413 1.823 0.142 < 45 13 3(23.08) 5.00±3.08 45~ 103 49(47.57) 7.37±3.42 60~ 310 137(44.19) 7.38±3.73 ≥75 143 62(43.36) 7.22±3.60 婚姻状况 4.481 0.034 2.092 0.037 已婚 413 171(41.40) 7.06±3.48 未婚/离异/丧偶 156 80(51.28) 7.76±3.89 文化程度 3.904 0.142 2.854 0.058 文盲 184 92(50.00) 7.76±3.63 小学 273 114(41.76) 7.06±3.62 中学及以上 112 45(40.18) 6.88±3.47 高血压年限(年) -1.066 0.286 2.110 0.122 < 1 75 30(40.00) 6.64±3.77 1~7 245 101(41.22) 7.13±3.48 > 7 249 120(48.19) 7.55±3.66 合并其他疾病数量 -3.080 0.002 8.042 < 0.001 0 293 112(38.23) 6.85±3.60 1 210 98(46.67) 7.33±3.49 2及以上 66 41(62.12) 8.79±3.61 饮酒 1.163 0.281 0.556 0.579 否 446 202(45.29) 7.29±3.55 是 123 49(39.84) 7.09±3.82 饮茶 2.448 0.118 2.169 0.030 否 231 111(48.05) 7.65±3.69 是 338 140(41.42) 6.98±3.53 吸烟 0.164 0.685 0.072 0.943 否 426 190(44.60) 7.26±3.67 是 143 61(42.66) 7.23±3.41 体育锻炼 8.451 0.004 3.410 0.001 否 162 87(53.70) 8.03±3.36 是 407 164(40.29) 6.94±3.66 行为依从性 5.043 0.025 -2.810 0.005 高水平 105 36(34.29) 6.36±3.61 中低水平 464 215(46.34) 7.45±3.58
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表 3 高血压患者睡眠质量影响因素的Logistic回归分析
Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of multiple factors influencing sleep quality in patients with hypertension
因素 β sx Wald值 P值 OR(95% CI)值 性别 男 1.000 女 0.486 0.177 7.510 0.006 1.626(1.149~2.303) 合并其他疾病数量 0 1.000 1 0.296 0.187 2.503 0.114 1.344(0.932~1.940) ≥2 0.952 0.287 10.970 0.001 2.591(1.475~4.551) 体育锻炼 不经常 1.000 经常 -0.415 0.195 4.551 0.033 0.660(0.451~0.967) 行为依从性 高水平 1.000 中低水平 0.535 0.236 5.117 0.024 1.707(1.074~2.713) 常数项 -1.396 0.421 11.007 0.001 0.248
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