Analysis on the diabetes prevalence and its influencing factors in population aged 35-75 years in Liaoning province
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摘要:
目的 了解辽宁省35~75岁居民糖尿病患病情况, 并探讨其相关危险因素, 为防控糖尿病提供有效依据。 方法 采用分层整群随机抽样的方法选取3个城市和3个农村点进行调查, 共纳入研究对象53 497人。收集调查对象的人口学资料和吸烟、饮酒、疾病史、治疗史、用药史等情况, 并进行体格检查及实验室检测。 结果 辽宁省糖尿病患病率为17.96%(标化率16.95%), 其中男性患病率为17.40%(标化率16.56%), 女性为18.46%(标化率17.36%)。多因素分析结果显示, 女性、高年龄、高学历、城市、吸烟、饮酒、超重、肥胖、高血压、血脂异常、职业(除农民)均为糖尿病的危险因素(均有P < 0.05), 高收入为保护性因素(均有P < 0.05)。 结论 辽宁省35~75岁居民糖尿病患病率较高, 应加强对重点人群的干预, 提倡健康生活方式, 戒烟戒酒, 有效降低辽宁省糖尿病的发病率。 Abstract:Objective To investigate the epidemiologic characteristics of diabetes mellitus in population aged 35-75 years in Liaoning province, and to explore its risk factors and provide an effective basis for prevention and control of diabetes mellitus. Methods A multi-stage stratified random cluster sampling method was used to investigate the residents of 3 towns and 3 rural projects in Liaoning province. A total of 53 497 adults were surveyed. Demographic data, smoking, drinking, history of disease, history of treatment, and history of medication were collected. Physical examinations and laboratory tests were also conducted. Results The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in Liaoning province was 17.96%(stand-ardized prevalence was 16.95%). The prevalence of males was 17.40%(standardized prevalence was 16.56%). And the prevalence of females was 18.46%(standardized prevalence was 17.36%).Results of multivariate logistic regression showed that age, female, high education, city, smoking, drinking, overweight, obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and occupation(except farmers) were risk factors of diabetes mellitus(all P < 0.05). High income was a protective factor(allP < 0.05). Conclusions The prevalence of diabetes mellitus in population aged 35-75 years in Liaoning province was high. A healthy life-style was advocated. Smoking and drinking should be limited. It is necessary to strengthen the intervention in this population in order to reduce the incidence of diabetes mellitus in Liaoning province. -
Key words:
- Diabetes mellitus /
- Prevalence /
- Risk factor
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表 1 调查对象的一般人口学资料[n (%)]
Table 1. General demographic characteristics of the respondents[n (%)]
变量 例数 糖尿病 χ2值 P值 有 无 性别 10.181 0.001 男 24 966(46.67) 4 343(17.40) 20 623(82.60) 女 28 531(53.33) 5 266(18.46) 23 265(81.54) 城乡 93.769 < 0.001 农村 30 149(56.36) 4 989(16.55) 25 160(83.45) 城市 23 348(43.64) 4 620(19.79) 18 728(80.21) 年龄(岁) 1 191.261 < 0.001 35~ 14 609(27.31) 1 571(10.75) 13 038(89.25) 45~ 18 251(34.12) 2 960(16.22) 15 291(83.78) 55~ 13 472(25.18) 3 197(23.73) 10 275(76.27) 65~75 7 165(13.39) 1 881(26.25) 5 284(73.75) BMI(kg/m2) 804.425 < 0.001 < 18.5 571(1.07) 69(12.08) 502(87.92) 18.5~ 21 577(40.33) 3 073(14.24) 18 504(85.76) 24~ 23 874(44.63) 4 327(18.12) 19 547(81.88) ≥28 7 294(13.63) 2 105(28.86) 5 189(71.14) 家庭年收入(元) 157.910 < 0.001 < 10 000 7 986(14.93) 1 805(22.60) 6 181(77.40) 10 000~ 34 254(64.03) 6 011(17.55) 28 243(82.45) ≥50 000 6 764(12.64) 1 030(15.23) 5 734(84.77) 不详 4 493(8.40) 763(16.98) 3 730(83.02) 教育程度 12.919 < 0.001 初中及以下 38 325(71.64) 6 740(17.59) 31 585(82.41) 高中及以上 15 172(28.36) 2 869(18.91) 12 303(81.09) 职业 1 196.504 < 0.001 农民 16 913(31.61) 2 191(12.95) 14 722(87.05) 工人 9 460(17.68) 1 555(16.44) 7 905(83.56) 行政 2 461(4.60) 408(16.58) 2 053(83.42) 专业技术 3 390(6.34) 589(17.37) 2 801(82.63) 商业/服务业/私营 3 967(7.42) 693(17.47) 3 274(82.53) 退休 6 696(12.52) 2 110(31.51) 4 586(68.49) 家务 3 746(7.00) 777(20.74) 2 969(79.26) 无业 952(1.78) 241(25.32) 711(74.68) 其他 5 912(11.05) 1 045(17.68) 4 867(82.32) 现在吸烟 121.453 < 0.001 否 43 367(81.06) 7 655(17.65) 35 712(82.35) 非每日吸烟 4 022(7.52) 588(14.62) 3 434(85.38) 每日吸烟 6 049(11.31) 1 361(22.50) 4 688(77.50) 其他 59(0.11) 5(8.47) 54(91.53) 饮酒频率 326.783 < 0.001 否 42 246(78.97) 7 351(17.40) 34 895(82.60) 每月少于1次 3 076(5.75) 531(17.26) 2 545(82.74) 每月2~4次 3 095(5.79) 649(20.97) 2 446(79.03) 每周2~3次 1 605(3.00) 368(22.93) 1 237(77.07) 每周超过4次 2 093(3.91) 605(28.91) 1 488(71.09) 其他 1 382(2.58) 105(7.60) 1 277(92.40) 表 2 调查对象体格检查及实验室检测结果(x±s)
Table 2. Physical examination and laboratory test results of the respondents (x±s)
变量 男 女 t值 P值 年龄(岁) 52.1±10.3 51.8±9.9 3.136 0.002 糖尿病确诊年龄(岁) 50.9±9.4 52.7±8.7 -4.008 < 0.001 身高(cm) 170.9±5.4 160.3±5.1 235.834 < 0.001 体重(kg) 73.2±9.5 63.1±8.7 128.929 < 0.001 腰围(cm) 85.6±8.8 80.4±8.9 68.318 < 0.001 BMI(kg/m2) 25.0±2.9 24.6±3.2 18.214 < 0.001 吸烟(支/天) 17.8±7.9 15.4±8.1 6.233 < 0.001 平均收缩压(mmHg) 137.6±20.2 137.5±22.6 0.634 0.526 平均舒张压(mmHg) 84.2±11.0 82.2±11.1 20.593 < 0.001 平均心率(次/分) 75.0±9.0 75.8±9.0 -10.852 < 0.001 总胆固醇(mmol/L) 4.5±1.0 4.8±1.1 -27.338 < 0.001 高密度脂蛋白胆固醇(mmol/L) 1.3±0.4 1.5±0.4 -34.090 < 0.001 甘油三酯(mmol/L) 1.7±1.0 1.6±1.0 4.720 < 0.001 低密度脂蛋白胆固醇(mmol/L) 2.5±0.8 2.7±0.9 -20.147 < 0.001 血糖(mmol/L) 6.1±1.8 6.2±1.8 -4.252 < 0.001 表 3 糖尿病患病的多因素分析结果
Table 3. Multivariate analysis of factors associated with the diabetes mellitus prevalence
变量 β值 OR(95% CI)值 P值 性别 男 1.00 女 0.135 1.14(1.08~1.21) < 0.001 城乡 农村 1.00 城市 0.151 1.16(1.10~1.23) < 0.001 年龄(岁) 35~ 1.00 45~ 0.366 1.44(1.35~1.55) < 0.001 55~ 0.642 1.90(1.77~2.05) < 0.001 65~75 0.696 2.00(1.84~2.19) < 0.001 教育程度 初中及以下 1.00 高中及以上 0.197 1.22(1.15~1.29) < 0.001 家庭年收入(元) < 10 000 1.00 10 000~ -0.376 0.69(0.64~0.73) < 0.001 ≥50 000 -0.670 0.51(0.46~0.57) < 0.001 不详 -0.326 0.72(0.65~0.80) < 0.001 职业 农民 1.00 工人 0.390 1.48(1.36~1.60) < 0.001 行政 0.686 1.99(1.73~2.27) < 0.001 专业技术 0.672 1.96(1.75~2.19) < 0.001 商业/服务业/私营 0.641 1.90(1.71~2.11) < 0.001 退休 0.756 2.13(1.96~2.31) < 0.001 家务 0.434 1.54(1.40~1.70) < 0.001 无业 0.669 1.95(1.66~2.30) < 0.001 其他 0.653 1.92(1.74~2.12) < 0.001 饮酒频率 否 1.00 每月少于1次 0.043 1.04(0.94~1.16) 0.426 每月2~4次 0.260 1.30(1.17~1.44) < 0.001 每周2~3次 0.271 1.31(1.15~1.50) < 0.001 每周超过4次 0.339 1.40(1.25~1.58) < 0.001 不详 -0.788 0.45(0.37~0.56) < 0.001 现在吸烟频率 否 1.00 非每日吸烟 -0.045 0.96(0.86~1.06) 0.392 每日吸烟 0.158 1.17(1.08~1.27) < 0.001 其他 -0.048 0.95(0.37~2.46) 0.922 BMI(kg/m2) 18.5~ 1.00 < 18.5 -0.132 0.88(0.67~1.14) 0.323 24.0~ 0.175 1.19(1.13~1.26) < 0.001 ≥28.0 0.582 1.79(1.67~1.92) < 0.001 高血压 无 1.00 有 0.878 2.41(2.29~2.53) < 0.001 血脂异常 无 1.00 有 0.545 1.73(1.61~1.85) < 0.001 -
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