安徽省六安市成年居民握力与高血压关联的横断面研究

周志豪; 刘梦飞; 叶舒; 周雨墨; 江超; 常宏伟; 曹洪娟; 刘洋; 孙自锁; 李美玲; 张庄; 杨万水

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.02.006

安徽省六安市成年居民握力与高血压关联的横断面研究

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.02.006

1.
安徽医科大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系, 合肥 230032
2.
霍山县疾病预防控制中心地方病与性病艾滋病防治股, 六安 237200
3.
六安市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病防制科, 六安 237000

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金 82373673

国家重点研发计划 2023YFA1800800

安徽医科大学大数据与人口健康研究中心研究基金 JKS2022018

安徽医科大学科研水平提升计划项目 2021xkjT007

安徽医科大学研究生科研与实践创新项目 YJS20230104

安徽医科大学研究生科研与实践创新项目 YJS20230150

详细信息

通讯作者:
杨万水, E-mail: wanshuiyang@gmail.com

中图分类号: R181.3;R544.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2024-04-15
- 修回日期: 2024-12-29
- 网络出版日期: 2025-03-08
- 刊出日期: 2025-02-10

A cross-sectional study of the association between handgrip strength and hypertension among adults in Lu′an City, Anhui Province, China

1.
Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
2.
Department of Endemic Diseases and STD/AIDS Prevention and Control, Huoshan County Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu′an 237200, China
3.
Department of Chronic Non-communicable Diseases Prevention and Control, Lu′an Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Lu′an 237000, China

Funds:

The National Natural Science Foundation of China 82373673

The National Key Research and Development Program of China 2023YFA1800800

Research Funds of Center for Big Data and Population Health of IHM JKS2022018

Grants from Anhui Medical University 2021xkjT007

Postgraduate Innovation Research and Practice Program of Anhui Medical University YJS20230104

Postgraduate Innovation Research and Practice Program of Anhui Medical University YJS20230150

More Information

Corresponding author: YANG Wanshui, E-mail: wanshuiyang@gmail.com

摘要

摘要: 目的评估握力与高血压之间的关联, 为高血压的预防、筛查与干预提供科学依据。方法依托2020年7月―2021年7月在安徽省六安市开展的一项以人群为基础的横断面研究。采用校准的CAMRY握力仪测定握力。采用多因素logistic回归分析模型分析握力与高血压之间的关联, 并根据年龄、性别、BMI等因素进行亚组分析, 采用Wald检验分析其交互作用。进行敏感性分析时排除了具有高血压家族史的研究对象。结果共纳入2 694名研究对象, 其中高血压患者1 309名(48.6%)。通过调整年龄、性别、BMI等协变量, 与握力最低分位(＜P₂₅)相比, 握力最高分位(≥P₇₅)的高血压患病风险降低39%(OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.43~0.86, P_趋势 < 0.001)。结论较高的握力水平与较低的高血压患病率相关。提示个体在日常生活中应注重增强肌肉力量, 以促进健康, 降低高血压的患病风险。
- 握力 /
- 高血压 /
- 横断面研究
Abstract: Objective This study aimed to investigate the association between handgrip strength and hypertension, providing scientific evidence for the prevention, screening, and intervention of hypertension. Methods This study was based on a population-based cross-sectional study conducted in the Lu′an, Anhui Province, from July 2020 to July 2021. The handgrip strength was measured using a calibrated CAMRY handgrip strength dynamometer. Multivariable logistic regression was used to assess the association between handgrip strength and hypertension. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to factors such as age, gender, and BMI, and their interactions were analyzed using the Wald test. During the sensitivity analysis, participants with a family history of hypertension were excluded. Results Of the 2 694 participants, 1 309 (48.6%) were diagnosed with hypertension. After adjusting for age, gender, BMI, and other covariates, participants in the highest quartile of handgrip strength had a 39% lower risk of hypertension compared to those in the lowest quartile (OR=0.61, 95% CI: 0.43-0.86, P_trend < 0.001). Conclusions Greater handgrip strength is linked to a lower prevalence of hypertension, indicating that individuals should prioritize improving muscle strength in their daily routines to promote health and reduce the risk of developing hypertension.
- Handgrip strength /
- Hypertension /
- Cross-sectional study

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图 1 握力与高血压之间关联的亚组分析

模型中调整的协变量与表 2和模型3中的协变量相同, 调整了年龄(＜65岁、≥ 65岁)、性别(男、女)、吸烟(从不吸烟、既往或现在吸烟)、饮酒(从不饮酒、既往或现在饮酒)、BMI(＜24.0 kg/m²、≥24.0 kg/m²)、高血压家族史(是、否)、糖尿病(是、否)、婚姻状况(已婚、其他)、家庭人均年收入(＜20 000元、≥20 000元)、体力活动(轻度体力活动、中等和剧烈体力活动)。

Figure 1. Subgroup analysis and interaction analysis on the association between handgrip strength quartiles and hypertension, based on a cross-sectional study among 2 694 participants in Lu′an City

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表 1 六安市2 694名研究对象基线特征

Table 1. Comparison of baseline characteristics among 2 694 study participants in Lu′an City, classified by handgrip strength quartiles

特征	握力				合计
特征	＜P₂₅	P₂₅~＜P₅₀	P₅₀~＜P₇₅	≥P₇₅	合计
高血压患者人数	388(29.6)	313(23.9)	280(21.4)	328(25.1)	1 309(48.6)
年龄组/岁
< 65	407(59.7)	540(79.8)	544(82.1)	589(87.6)	2 080(77.2)
≥65	275(40.3)	137(20.2)	119(17.9)	83(12.4)	614(22.8)
性别
男	98(14.4)	115(17.0)	255(38.5)	627(93.3)	1 095(40.6)
女	584(85.6)	562(83.0)	408(61.5)	45(6.7)	1 599(59.4)
BMI/(kg·m^-2)
< 18.5	32(4.7)	28(4.1)	25(3.8)	15(2.2)	100(3.7)
18.5~＜24.0	336(49.2)	328(48.4)	268(40.4)	233(34.7)	1 165(43.3)
24.0~＜28.0	186(27.3)	215(31.8)	228(34.4)	279(41.5)	908(33.7)
≥28.0	128(18.8)	106(15.7)	142(21.4)	145(21.6)	521(19.3)
吸烟
从不吸烟	587(86.1)	598(88.3)	505(76.2)	285(42.4)	1 975(73.3)
既往吸烟	41(6.0)	27(4.0)	38(5.7)	85(12.7)	191(7.1)
现在吸烟	54(7.9)	52(7.7)	120(18.1)	302(44.9)	528(19.6)
饮酒
从不饮酒	586(85.9)	578(85.3)	510(76.9)	369(54.9)	2 043(75.8)
既往饮酒	32(4.7)	37(5.5)	40(6.0)	45(6.7)	154(5.7)
现在饮酒	64(9.4)	62(9.2)	113(17.1)	258(38.4)	497(18.5)
高血压家族史
是	243(35.6)	250(36.9)	257(38.8)	268(39.9)	1 018(37.8)
否	439(64.4)	427(63.1)	406(61.2)	404(60.1)	1 676(62.2)
家庭人均年收入/元
< 10 000	376(55.1)	284(41.9)	246(37.1)	198(29.5)	1 104(41.0)
10 000~＜20 000	177(26.0)	186(27.5)	203(30.6)	187(27.8)	753(28.0)
≥20 000	129(18.9)	207(30.6)	214(32.3)	287(42.7)	837(31.0)
糖尿病
是	85(12.5)	52(7.7)	49(7.4)	36(5.4)	222(8.2)
否	597(87.5)	625(92.3)	614(92.6)	636(94.6)	2 472(91.8)
婚姻状况
已婚	539(79.0)	597(88.2)	568(85.7)	557(82.9)	2 261(83.9)
其他	143(21.0)	80(11.8)	95(14.3)	115(17.1)	433(16.1)
体力活动
＜P_33.3	277(40.6)	201(29.7)	192(29.0)	230(34.2)	900(33.4)
P_33.3~＜P_66.7	211(31.0)	240(35.5)	225(33.9)	221(32.9)	897(33.3)
≥P_66.7	194(28.4)	236(34.8)	246(37.1)	221(32.9)	897(33.3)
收缩压/mmHg	131.7(113.7, 150.4)	126.3(112.3, 143.7)	127.3(115.0, 144.7)	131.3(120.3, 145.3)	129.3(115.3, 146.0)
舒张压/mmHg	77.3(70.3, 86.7)	77.0(69.4, 85.0)	77.7(69.7, 86.3)	81.3(73.0, 89.7)	78.3(70.7, 87.0)
握力/kg	19.4(17.0, 21.3)	25.3(24.2, 26.4)	30.2(28.8, 32.4)	43.3(38.9, 49.1)	27.6(22.7, 35.3)
注：连续变量表示为中位数(四分位数间距)。分类变量用数量(%)表示。

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表 2 六安市居民握力与高血压的关联性分析

Table 2. Associations between handgrip strength quartiles and hypertension risk, as well as risk per 1 kg increase in handgrip strength, based on a cross-sectional study among 2 942 participants in Lu′an City

模型	OR值(95% CI)					P_趋势值
模型	＜P₂₅	P₂₅~＜P₅₀	P₅₀~＜P₇₅	≥P₇₅	握力^①	P_趋势值
模型1	1.00	0.87 (0.69~1.11)	0.67 (0.52~0.86)	0.73 (0.53~1.00)	0.98 (0.97~1.00)	0.004
模型2	1.00	0.86 (0.67~1.10)	0.55 (0.42~0.71)	0.54 (0.38~0.76)	0.97 (0.96~0.98)	< 0.001
模型3	1.00	0.88 (0.68~1.14)	0.57 (0.43~0.75)	0.61 (0.43~0.86)	0.98 (0.97~0.99)	< 0.001
注：①代表握力每添加1 kg的风险。

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表 3 握力与高血压之间关联的敏感性分析

Table 3. Sensitivity analysis on the associations between handgrip strength quartiles and hypertension, as well as risk per 1 kg increase in handgrip strength, based on a cross-sectional study among 2 694 participants in Lu′an City

模型	OR值(95% CI)					P_趋势值
模型	＜P₂₅	P₂₅~＜P₅₀	P₅₀~＜P₇₅	≥P₇₅	握力^①	P_趋势值
模型1	1.00	0.88 (0.65~1.19)	0.68 (0.49~0.93)	0.74 (0.50~1.11)	0.98 (0.97~1.00)	0.027
模型2	1.00	0.87 (0.63~1.19)	0.55 (0.39~0.78)	0.56 (0.36~0.86)	0.97 (0.96~0.99)	< 0.001
模型3	1.00	0.91 (0.66~1.26)	0.61 (0.43~0.87)	0.65 (0.42~1.01)	0.98 (0.97~1.00)	0.012
注：①代表握力每添加1 kg的风险。

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