Characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution analysis of reported HIV/AIDS aged ≥50 infected through commercial heterosexual behavior in Chongqing from 2015 to 2023
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摘要:
目的 分析重庆市≥50岁人群经商业异性性行为感染的人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus, HIV)感染者/艾滋病(acquired immune deficiency syndrome, AIDS)患者(简称HIV/AIDS)特征及时空分布规律, 为老年人群的AIDS防控提供科学参考。 方法 基于中国疾病预防控制信息系统中2015―2023年重庆市报告时年龄≥50岁、接触史为商业异性性行为的HIV/AIDS病例, 采用SPSS 23.0软件进行描述性分析及趋势分析, 采用ArcGIS 10.6软件进行空间分析。 结果 2015―2023年重庆市共报告≥50岁人群经商业异性性行为感染的HIV/AIDS病例16 096例, 占所有经商业异性性行为感染病例的72.3%, 占比呈上升趋势(χ2 趋势=631.208, P<0.001)。病例以男性(94.7%)、已婚(59.0%)、50~<70岁(68.9%)、农民/民工(62.1%)、小学及以下文化水平(71.1%)为主。病例主要分布在中心城区及主城新区(82.7%), 医疗机构检测发现的病例占70.2%, 首次CD4+T淋巴细胞计数<350个/μL占68.8%。空间分析显示, 重庆市≥50岁人群经商业异性性行为感染的HIV/AIDS病例呈聚集性分布, 以永川区、大足区、荣昌区为中心向周边扩散。 结论 重庆市报告≥50岁人群经商业异性性行为感染的HIV/AIDS病例逐年增加, 且存在聚集性, 应开展综合性干预措施, 以控制由商业异性性行为引起的HIV传播。 Abstract:Objective To analyze the characteristics and spatiotemporal distribution of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) cases among individuals aged ≥50 infected through commercial heterosexual behavior in Chongqing, and to provide scientific references for HIV/AIDS prevention and control among the elderly population. Methods The reported HIV/AIDS cases aged≥50 from 2015 to 2023 with a history of commercial heterosexual behavior were analyzed. SPSS 23.0 software was used for descriptive epidemiological, and ArcGIS 10.6 software was used for spatial analysis. Results From 2015 to 2023, Chongqing reported 16 096 HIV/AIDS aged ≥50 and infected through commercial heterosexual behavior, accounting for 72.3% of all HIV/AIDS infected through commercial heterosexual behavior, and the proportion showed an increasing trend (χ2 trend=631.208, P < 0.001). The cases were predominantly male (94.7%), married (59.0%), aged 50- < 70 years (68.9%), farmers (62.1%), and with primary school education or below (71.1%). The majority of cases were distributed in the central urban areas and main urban districts (82.7%), primarily detected through medical institutions (70.2%), with 68.8% having initial CD4+ T cell counts < 350 cells/μL. Spatial analysis indicated that the cases were clustered and centered around Yongchuan District, Dazu District and Rongchang District spreading to surrounding districts. Conclusions The proportion of HIV/AIDS cases aged ≥50 infected though commercial heterosexual behavior in Chongqing has been increasing annually, and the distribution of cases is clustered. Comprehensive intervention measures should target commercial heterosexual behavior. -
图 2 2015―2023年重庆市≥50岁人群经商业异性性行为感染的HIV/AIDS病例空间集聚分布情况
HIV: 人类免疫缺陷病毒; AIDS: 艾滋病。
Figure 2. Spatial distribution of "high-high" cluster, "low-low" cluster, "high-low" outlier and "low-high" outlier of the reported HIV/AIDS cases aged ≥50 infected by commercial heterosexual activities in Chongqing from 2015 to 2023
表 1 2015―2023年重庆市报告≥50岁人群经商业异性性行为感染的HIV/AIDS病例特征
Table 1. Characteristics of reported HIV/AIDS cases aged ≥50 infected through commercial heterosexual activities in Chongqing from 2015 to 2023, including gender, age, marital status, education, occupations, initial CD4+T cell counts and other characteristics
变量 2015年① (n=1 081) 2016年① (n=1 302) 2017年① (n=1 604) 2018年① (n=1 818) 2019年① (n=1 934) 性别 男 1 017(94.1) 1 227(94.2) 1 512(94.3) 1 716(94.4) 1 794(92.8) 女 64(5.9) 75(5.8) 92(5.7) 102(5.6) 140(7.2) 年龄组/岁 50~<60 384(35.5) 442(33.9) 479(29.9) 542(29.8) 616(31.9) 60~<70 404(37.4) 515(39.6) 645(40.2) 767(42.2) 789(40.8) ≥70 293(27.1) 345(26.5) 480(29.9) 509(28.0) 529(27.3) 婚姻状况 已婚 598(55.3) 734(56.4) 960(59.9) 1 092(60.1) 1 167(60.3) 离异或丧偶 403(37.3) 448(34.4) 511(31.8) 543(29.9) 564(29.2) 未婚 80(7.4) 120(9.2) 133(8.3) 183(10.0) 203(10.5) 文化水平 文盲 175(16.2) 214(16.4) 210(13.1) 271(14.9) 307(15.9) 小学 539(49.9) 627(48.1) 885(55.2) 1 000(55.0) 1 099(56.8) 初中 260(24.0) 377(29.0) 402(25.0) 408(22.5) 418(21.6) 高中及以上 107(9.9) 84(6.5) 107(6.7) 139(7.6) 110(5.7) 职业 农民/民工 678(62.7) 772(59.3) 922(57.5) 1 067(58.7) 1 171(60.5) 家务及待业 151(14.0) 240(18.4) 336(20.9) 385(21.2) 387(20.0) 其他 252(23.3) 290(22.3) 346(21.6) 366(20.1) 376(19.5) 发现方式 医疗机构检测 785(72.6) 935(71.8) 1 140(71.1) 1 337(73.5) 1 360(70.3) 重点人群检测 256(23.7) 316(24.3) 395(24.6) 374(20.6) 453(23.4) 其他 40(3.7) 51(3.9) 69(4.3) 107(5.9) 121(6.3) 现住址 中心城区 243(22.5) 322(24.7) 397(24.7) 422(23.2) 486(25.1) 主城新区 648(59.9) 756(58.1) 943(58.8) 1 115(61.3) 1 130(58.5) 渝东北片区 156(14.4) 193(14.8) 232(14.5) 244(13.4) 267(13.8) 渝东南片区 34(3.2) 31(2.4) 32(2.0) 37(2.1) 51(2.6) 首次CD4+T淋巴细胞计数/(个·μL-1) <200 409(37.8) 541(41.6) 552(34.5) 714(39.3) 773(40.0) 200~<350 248(22.9) 319(24.5) 494(30.8) 563(30.9) 623(32.2) ≥350 325(30.1) 349(26.8) 429(26.7) 401(22.1) 392(20.3) 未检测 99(9.2) 93(7.1) 129(8.0) 140(7.7) 146(7.5) 变量 2020年① (n=1 848) 2021年① (n=2 094) 2022年① (n=1 990) 2023年① (n=2 425) 合计① (n=16 096) 性别 男 1 753(94.9) 2 000(95.5) 1 910(96.0) 2 313(95.4) 15 242(94.7) 女 95(5.1) 94(4.5) 80(4.0) 112(4.6) 854(5.3) 年龄组/岁 50~<60 633(34.3) 704(33.6) 658(33.0) 648(26.7) 5 106(31.7) 60~<70 655(35.4) 714(34.1) 654(32.9) 850(35.1) 5 993(37.2) ≥70 560(30.3) 676(32.3) 678(34.1) 927(38.2) 4 997(31.1) 婚姻状况 已婚 1 075(58.2) 1 288(61.5) 1 194(60.0) 1 392(57.4) 9 500(59.0) 离异或丧偶 600(32.5) 586(28.0) 568(28.5) 700(28.9) 4 923(30.6) 未婚 173(9.3) 220(10.5) 228(11.5) 333(13.7) 1 673(10.4) 文化水平 文盲 269(14.6) 286(13.6) 244(12.3) 294(12.1) 2 270(14.1) 小学 1 089(58.9) 1 216(58.1) 1 199(60.2) 1 515(62.5) 9 169(57.0) 初中 386(20.9) 456(21.8) 433(21.8) 495(20.4) 3 635(22.6) 高中及以上 104(5.6) 136(6.5) 114(5.7) 121(5.0) 1 022(6.3) 职业 农民/民工 1 150(62.2) 1 307(62.4) 1 331(66.9) 1 601(66.0) 9 999(62.1) 家务及待业 346(18.7) 398(19.0) 312(15.7) 434(17.9) 2 989(18.6) 其他 352(19.1) 389(18.6) 347(17.4) 390(16.1) 3 108(19.3) 发现方式 医疗机构检测 1 323(71.6) 1 443(68.9) 1 374(69.1) 1 596(65.8) 11 293(70.2) 重点人群检测 449(24.3) 525(25.1) 484(24.3) 652(26.9) 3 904(24.2) 其他 76(4.1) 126(6.0) 132(6.6) 177(7.3) 899(5.6) 现住址 中心城区 418(22.6) 509(24.3) 467(23.4) 567(23.4) 3 831(23.8) 主城新区 1 048(56.7) 1 236(59.0) 1 150(57.8) 1 460(60.2) 94 86(58.9) 渝东北片区 326(17.7) 301(14.4) 314(15.8) 330(13.6) 2 363(14.7) 渝东南片区 56(3.0) 48(2.3) 59(3.0) 68(2.8) 416(2.6) 首次CD4+T淋巴细胞计数/(个·μL-1) <200 672(36.4) 754(36.0) 754(37.9) 856(35.3) 6 025(37.4) 200~<350 639(34.6) 720(34.4) 651(32.7) 788(32.5) 5 045(31.4) ≥350 390(21.1) 465(22.2) 406(20.4) 483(19.9) 3 640(22.6) 未检测 147(7.9) 155(7.4) 179(9.0) 298(12.3) 1 386(8.6) 注:HIV, 人类免疫缺陷病毒; AIDS, 艾滋病。
①以人数(占比/%)表示。 -
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