中华疾病控制杂志

CAI Jing-yu, HAN Wei-yu, DING Chang-hai

2017, 21(6): 539-545. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.001

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Abstract:
Osteoarthritis is a chronic degenerative disease in the joints. The prevalence of OA is the highest in all rheumatic disease, which is a challenge being faced by the rheumatologists and orthopedic surgeons. It is particularly vital to study the risk factors and underlying mechanisms of OA. So far, clinical research of OA in China is largely using the cross-sectional design, which cannot explain the possible causal relationship. In this article, we will review the literatures of major cohort studies performed internationally, and elucidate their research design, methods, findings and their respective characteristics. This will help us to recognize the importance of cohort studies in OA research and to design appropriate cohort studeis in the near future.

Study on the association between physical health and elder abuse in China

WEN Xu, ZHANG Jun-rong, CHENG Wen-chu, HU Yu-kun, WANG Zhen-jie, ZHENG Xiao-ying

2017, 21(6): 546-549,571. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.002

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Objective To examine the association between physical health and abuse among elders in China, and to provide evidence for prevention and control of elder abuse. Methods Based on the third survey on the Status of Chinese women organized by the All-China Women's Federation and the National Bureau of Statistics, 9 057 subjects aged 65 and older were included in the current study. Their general information, including physical health condition and elder abuse were collected during the survey. Pearson test, Chi-square test and multiple Logistic regression were used for data analysis. Results The prevalence of elder abuse was 6.39%. Elder physical health condition was positively correlated with elder abuse (r_s=0.064,P<0.001). The worse physical condition they were in, the higher risk of being abused they would face. After adjusting potential confounding factors, the odds ratios of elder abuse were 1.59(95% CI: 1.19-2.12) and 2.10(95% CI: 1.61-2.71) among elder people with one disease and two diseases, respectively. Conclusions High prevalence of elder abuse was observed in China. Elder people's physical conditions were positively correlated with the risk of being abused by other family members.

Investigation of activities of daily living and its influencing factors of the left-behind elderly in rural minority areas of Guizhou

ZHOU Quan-xiang, YANG Jing-yuan, HUANG Wen-yong, SHE Fu-qiang, ZHAO Qian, CAO Xian-ming, YU Yue-sheng

2017, 21(6): 550-553. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.003

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Objective To describe the activities of daily living of the left-behind elderly in rural minority areas of Guizhou and its influencing factors. Methods Multilevel sampling investigation was used to select 1 260 cases left-behind elderly in four counties of Qiannan rural minority areas. Their general condition,physical condition and the activities of daily living were investigated. Results 10.87% of the left-behind elderly in rural minority areas of Guizhou had obvious dis-function of daily living ability.Multivariate analysis showed that the risk factors were old age (OR=2.851, 95% CI=2.233-3.642),ethnic(OR=1.486, 95% CI=1.029-2.174),chronic disease(OR=1.246, 95% CI=1.047-1.482) and poor relationship with his family (OR=1.835, 95% CI=1.397-2.409).The protective factors for the activities of daily living of the left-behind elderly included high home income level(OR=0.657, 95% CI=0.494-0.876) and high education level(OR=0.723, 95% CI=0.559-0.935).Conclusions The obvious dis-function rate is high among left-behind elderly of ethnic minorities in rural minority areas of Guizhou. The left-behind elderly of ethnic minorities is a high risk group. In order to improve the activities of daily living of the left-behind elderly in this area, health education, chronic disease management and reasonable health policy should be taken by the government.

Association of waist circumference, waist-to-height ratio and dietary factors with lipid

SHOU Fei, WANG Xiao-bo, XU Ying, YANG Yi

2017, 21(6): 554-557. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.004

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Objective To explore the association of dietary, waist circumference(WC) and waist-to-height ratio(WHtR) with dyslipidemia. Methods Combined sampling survey with semi-quantitative food frequency survey, partial correlation, t test, chi-square test and logistic regression analysis were used to analyze the relationship of diet, WC and WHtR with lipid. Results Partial correlation analysis showed that intakes of grain, total energy, fat and total cholesterol(TC) were positively correlated with cholesterol level. The intakes of aquatic product, zinc, selenium and cuprum were inversely correlated with triglyceride(TG) level (all P<0.05). When the WC or WHtR was abnormal, the TG level was greater than the normal, while the prevalence was also higher (all P<0.05), and when the WC was abnormal, the TC level and the prevalence for female were greater than the normal, the difference were statistically significant (t=-2.12, P=0.035, χ²=7.93,P=0.005). 1-SD of WC and WHtR would give rise to an increase of 26% and 43% risk of hypercholesterolemia, 30% and 35% risk of hypertriglyceridemia. Conclusions Controlling grain, total energy, fat, cholesterol and increasing vegetables, aquatic product, vitamin C, zinc, selenium and cuprum intake can reduce the risk of dyslipidemia. Besides, WC and WHtR can be used as monitoring indicators for early detection and prevention of dyslipidemia.

Analysis on the risk factors for low birth weight infants of Zhuang ethnicity in Pingguo and Debao County of Guangxi Province

LONG Jing-hua, QIU Xiao-qiang, ZENG Xiao-yun, SU Li, LIU Shun, ZHONG Qiu-an, LONG Jian-xiong, LIU Liu, PAN Xue, CHEN Jie-hua, ZHANG Guo-qiang

2017, 21(6): 558-561. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.005

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Objective To analyze the occurrence of low birth weight in Zhuang population. Methods A total of 4 915 living births in People's Hospital and Child Health Hospital of Pingguo and Child Health Hospital of Debao from January 2012 to June 2015 were recruited. The associations between potential factors and the risk of low birth weight were evaluated by multivariate Logistic stepwise regression model. Results The incidence rate of low birth weight for Zhuang infants was 7.28%. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis indicated that gestational age ≥35 years old (OR=1.72), height ≤150 cm (OR=2.75), pre-pregnancy BMI <18.5 kg/m² (OR=1.68), hemoglobin levels <110 g/L in early gestation (OR=1.50), mid weight gain during the second trimester (OR=1.57), a history of abortion (OR=1.76), gestational hypertension (OR=5.32), multiple parturition (OR=1.51) and frequency of antenatal visits <8 times (OR=2.10) were risk factors of low birth weight. Overweight in the first trimester (OR=0.26), gestational age >37 weeks (OR=0.06), and single birth (OR=0.04) were protective factors of low birth weight. Conclusions The incidence of low birth weight is affected by multiple factors. Factors like gestational age, mother's height, pre-pregnancy BMI, hemoglobin levels in early gestation, a history of abortion, gestational hypertension and frequency of antenatal visits can significantly increase the risk of low birth weight in Zhuang infants, comprehensive measures should be taken to control and reduce the incidence of low birth weight.

The prevalence, multidrug resistance and hypervirulence of klebsiella pneumoniae in feces from children with acute diarrhea in Guangzhou

GE Jing, ZHONG Xue-shan, XIAO Gang, CHEN You-ming, CHEN Qing

2017, 21(6): 562-566. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.006

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Objective The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence, multidrug resistance and hypervirulence of Klebsiella pneumoniae (KP) in feces from children with acute diarrhea in Guangzhou City. Methods Fresh fecal samples from children with acute diarrhea were collected between May and September in 2015.Colonies of KP were isolated and identified. Antimicrobial susceptibility of KP isolates was conducted. Screening and phenotypic confirmatory tests for extended-spectrum β-lactamases(ESBLs) in KP were conducted for ESBLs-producing isolates. To investigate the prevalence of ESBL type of KP, three resistance genes including bla_TEM,bla_SHV and bla_CTX-M among ESBLs-producing isolates were detected by using polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Six common capsular serotypes of hypervirulent KP (hvKP) among all KP isolates were screened by using PCR. Results A total of 87 fecal specimens were collected from out-patient children with acute diarrhea. The prevalence of KP was 66.7%. There were high resistance rates of KP isolates to penicillins, first-generation cephalosporins and nitrofurantoin,while the resistance rates to quinolones, aminoglycosides, second-, third-, and fourth-generation cephalosporins were lower. Carbapenem resistant KP was not detected in this study. The prevalence of ESBLs-producing isolates was 12.1% (7/58). Among all ESBLs-producing isolates, 4 isolates were TEM and 2 isolates were CTX-M types. However, no SHV type isolates were identified. The proportion of multidrug resistance was 27.6% (16/58). In addition, three hvKP isolates were detected, of which the capsular serotypes were proved to be K2, K20 and K54, respectively. The type of K1, K5 and K57 isolates were not detected. Conclusions There was high prevalence rate of KP isolated from children with acute diarrhea. The serious multidrug resistance of KP and the hvKP with multidrug resistance should be taken into consideration.

Study on enterovirus etiology of 759 cases in Guangzhou during 2014-2015

ZHAO Chong-quan, GUO Yong-hui, SHEN Yong-qi, CHEN Man-jun, LIU Duo-duo, YU Nan

2017, 21(6): 567-571. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.007

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Objective To investigate the distribution of enterovirus (EV) serotypes of 759 cases in Guangzhou during 2014-2015. Methods Rectal swabs were collected from children with suspected infection of enterovirus and detected for pan-EV-, EV71- and Coxsackie virus A group 16(CA16)-specific nucleic acid using real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR). The serotype of EV-positive samples was identified using semi-nested RT-PCR and sequencing for VP1 gene product. Results A total of 759 (71.6 %) were detected EV positive among the 1 060 specimens during 2014-2015. Eleven serotypes were identified circulating in both of years. The top five predominant serotypes were CA16, EV71, CA4, CA10, CB5 in 2014 and CA6, EV71, CA10, CA16 and CA2 in 2015 respectively. CA16 and EV71 accounted for 77.1% in 2014, contrasting that CA6 accounted for 51.7% in 2015. The sex ratio ranged from 1.8 to 5.3. Children under 3 years old were more likely suffering from infection (60.1%, 456/759). EV could be detected throughout the year with CA16, EV71, CA10 and CA2 peaked in May while CA6 in July. Clinical manifestation was mild in most infection cases. However, severe cases were observed in 12.7% of EV71 infection and occasionally in CA16, CA10, CA4 and CA6 infections. Conclusion Eleven serotypes of EV, with different spectrum, circulated in Guangzhou during 2014-2015. Clinical manifestation in most EV infection were mild.

Preparation and identification of monoclonal antibody against EHEC O104: H4 AatA transporter protein

SHAO Na, LI Yi-sheng, WANG Xiang-yu, HUA Ying, WAN Cheng-song

2017, 21(6): 572-576. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.008

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Objective To express EHEC O104 :H4 GST-AatA fusion protein and to obtain the monoclonal antibody specific for AatA. Methods The aatA gene sequence was synthesized and connected to pMD18-T vector, followed by the transformation of E.coli DH5α. The recycled PCR product was inserted into the prokaryotic plasmid PGEX-6P-1 and confirmed by DNA Sequencing. The constructed prokaryotic expression vector PGEX-6P-1-GST-AatA was used to transform E.coli BL21. IPTG was added to induce the expression of fusion protein. The purified protein was analyzed by SDS-PAGE and Western Blot. The monoclonal antibody was obtained by immunizing Balb/c mouse with purified GST-AatA protein and was examined for the purity, subtypes, specificity and titer thereafter. Results The prokaryotic expression vector PGEX-6P-1-GST-AatA was successfully constructed. The purity of the fusion protein was about 95%. The specific monoclonal antibody was obtained from the immunized Balb/c mouse. Conclusions A specific and high-titer monoclonal antibody was produced with a purity of 97% after purification.

Herpes simplex virus 2 infection is associated with adverse prognosis for ischemic stroke

ZHANG Pei-pei, HUANG Ping, GUO Yu-mei, LV Li-ying, ZHOU Mo, LONG Zhen-hai, ZHANG Yong-hong, XU Tan

2017, 21(6): 577-580,585. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.009

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Objective To examine the association between herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) infection and the adverse prognosis at 14 days (or discharge) after onset of ischemic stroke. Methods A cohort study of 1150 ischemic stroke cases was conducted, who were from 14 hospitals with confirmed diagnosis and blood HSV-2 IgG tested. Adverse prognosis was defined with death or onset of cardiovascular events after 14 days (or discharge). Logistic regression was applied to estimate the association between HSV-2 and adverse prognosis. Results HSV-2 IgG was classified with quartile. First quartile was used with reference, after multiple factors adjusted, fourth quartile was 4.32-fold risk to first quartile (P=0.015), the risk was increased with the level elevated in quartile groups.Subgroup analysis showed that elevated HSV-2 IgG increased the risk of adverse prognosis among cases in female, or non-drinking, or with diabetes, or with hypertension (all P<0.05). Conclusions In ischemic stroke with HSV-2 infection, elevated HSV-2 IgG may increase the risk of adverse prognosis at 14 days (or discharge)after onset of ischemic stroke, the risk may increase with the HSV-2 IgG level elevated.

Influencing factors for measles infection in Anhui Province: A case-control study, 2015-2016

MENG Fan-ya, LU Zhi-jian, SHEN Yong-gang, TANG Ji-hai, WANG Jian-jun, LIU Zhi-rong

2017, 21(6): 581-585. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.010

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Objective To investigate influencing factors for measles infection in persons aged ≤7 month,8 month-14 year and ≥15 year, so as to provide a scientific basis for measles intervention strategies. Methods Laboratory confirmed measles cases from China information system of disease prevention were selected, the study was conducted using the method of group comparison investigation. Results 232 cases and controls were respectively recruited into the study in all three age groups. Multi-factor analysis showed that, risk factors for measles infection in infants aged ≤7 month were aged 6-7 month (OR=5.255,95% CI:3.092-8.931), living in urban-rural fringe area (OR=3.035,95% CI:1.236-7.454), preterm birth (OR=14.896,95% CI:3.756-59.074), protective factors were breast feeding (OR =0.297,95% CI:0.153-0.574) and have brothers and sisters (OR =0.464,95% CI:0.276-0.781). Risk factors for measles infection in children aged 8 month - 14 years were living in urban-rural fringe area(OR=3.347,95% CI:1.365-8.204), premature birth(OR=3.171,95% CI:1.185-8.487), protective factors were breast-feeding (OR=0.313,95% CI:0.175-0.558). Risk factors for measles infection in children aged ≥ 15 year were the floating population (OR =3.900,95% CI:1.633-9.311), living in urban-rural fringe area (OR=5.564,95%CI:2.485-12.459), protective factors was living with children aged < 15 years (OR= 0.383,95% CI: 0.216-0.682).We also found other factors, such as male, grandparents care, going out and hospital visits were risk factors, and having vaccination certificates, measles containing vaccine(MCV) immunization were protective factors. Conclusions According to the results of this study, we propose to ensure two doses of 95% vaccination rate of MCV and timely vaccination of the first dose, to reduce the occurrence of nosocomial infections, to advocate eugenics, breast feeding and try to avoid going to crowded places in high incidence seasons of measles.

Epidemiological and pathogenic characteristics of measles in Hubei Province from 2012 to 2015

ZHAN Jian-bo, WANG Lei, LI Jing, ZHAN Fa-xian

2017, 21(6): 586-589. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.011

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Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics and genotypes of measles in Hubei province during 2012-2015, so as to provide evidence for measles control. Methods Data were collected through surveillance system of infectious disease and measles. Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted on measles surveillance data in Hubei.The nucleoprotein (N) genes of measles virus were amplified by one-step RT-PCR and sequenced for phylogenetic analysis. Results A total of 3 258 measles cases were reported and the average annual incidence was 14.063/1 000 000 with significant increases in 2014 and 2015. The peaks of incidence of measles were different each year from 2012-2015. Measles virus outbreak levels in 2014 and 2015 were higher than those in 2012 and 2013. The measles cases were mainly in children under 2 years old and young adults aged 15 years and above. Scattered children, farmers and household service had higher incidence of measles.Most genotypes of measles virus in Hubei belonged to H1 and H1a subgenotype during 2012-2015, only one strain was subgenotype D8 in 2013. Conclusions The incidence of measles increased during 2012-2015. The main genotype of measles virus was H1a, only 1 case of D8 subtype was found. It was important to enhance measles surveillance and promote vaccination program in children and immigrant workers to protect the whole population.

Analysis on the surveillance of avian influenza virus among poultry environmental areas and the patients with avian influenza virus infection in Jiangxi Province, 2012-2015

FU Wei-jie, LIU Xiao-qing, YUAN Hui, ZENG Zhi-li, XIE Yun

2017, 21(6): 590-593,597. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.012

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Objective To obtain the infection status of avian influenza virus (AIV) based on the surveillance among poultry environmental areas and to provide scientific evidence for the development of infection prevention and control strategies. Methods The surveillance data of AIV in Jiangxi Province, 2012-2015, was downloaded from “The information management system of infectious disease surveillance platform”, and then the data were used to analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of the AIV in the external environment. Results The total positive rate of AIV was 25.81% in the external environment in Jiangxi Province, 2012-2015. And the highest positive rate was in 2014 (37.50%), while the year with a lowest positive rate (17.50%) was 2013. Among all the monitoring points, the positive detection rate of the samples from the Lushan Management bureau was the highest (41.88%). Among all the monitoring fields, the top positive rate was from swab samples of the chopping boards for poultry slaughtering or setting (38.46%); The sample positive detection rate varied in seasons, monitoring points, monitoring fields and sample types. Among different subtypes of AIV, the types of H9, H5+H9, H5 were detected in every year, since 2014, the mixture types of H5+H7 (9.50%), H5+H7+H9 (8.25%) and H7+H9 (2.00%) had been detected. Total 15 cases with AIV infection were reported in 2013-2015, and all had poultry exposure. Conclusions The AIV-contaminated areas and the key process in the external environment increased the AIV infection risk of the exposure population. Enhancement on AIV monitoring in the external environment played an important role for the early warning and risk assessment of AIV infection.

A retrospective analysis on epidemiological and clinical features of 876 cases of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome

BAI Jing-jing, WANG Xiao-nan, GUAN Xu-hua, LIU Li, GUO Yan-ping, XING Xue-sen, WU Yang

2017, 21(6): 594-597. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.013

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Objective To study the epidemiological characteristics, clinical features and risk factors of hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS), so as to provide guidance for prevention and clinical diagnosis of HFRS. Methods The investigation data of 876 clinical diagnosis and laboratory confirmed cases of HFRS in Hubei over the past 5 years were collected and retrospective analysis was conducted. The statistical analysis was carried out with SPSS 17.0 software. Results The average age of the cases was (47.67±13.97) years. Most of the patients were male farmers with mild and moderate clinical classification(80.26%). The major clinical manifestations were fever(96.69%), fatigue(92.58%), proteinuria (88.93%), thrombocytopenia(80.59%), leukocytosis(63.70%), etc. Most of the patients had a history of exposure to rat or its excreta. Conclusions The clinical classification of the patients were mainly mild and moderate. There is a certain reference value for the early diagnosis of patients with fever, thrombocytopenia and proteinuria. We should strengthen work in rodent control, focus on health education of key population in the key areas and improve the vaccination rate.

Occupational burnout and its associated risk factors among health workers in clinics of methadone maintenance treatment in Yunnan Province

CAO Wei, CAO Xiao-bin, ZHANG Bo, WU Zun-you

2017, 21(6): 598-601,614. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.014

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Objective To assess the prevalence and influencing factors of occupational burnout among health workers in clinics of methadone maintenance treatment(MMT) in Yunnan Province. Methods Between September and October of 2016, health workers were selected by random cluster sampling from 33 clinics in 6 prefectures and cities. The information about staff's demographic characteristics, job-related attributes, and Maslach Burnout Inventory (Version Human Services Survey) were collected through internet-based electronic questionnaire. Descriptive analysis, χ² test, and multivariate Logistic regression analysis were conducted to assess risk factors for burnout. Results Of the 313 staff, the overall occupational burnout was 70.9% (222/313). Three dimensions of the burnout, i.e., emotional exhaustion, depersonalization, and low personal accomplishment were 37.4% (117/313), 22.0% (69/313), and 51.8% (162/313), respectively. Multivariate Logistic regression indicated that being a contract staff (OR=1.775, 95% CI:1.012-3.116), having high patients/staff ratio (OR=1.898,95% CI:1.070-3.368), and monotonous working content (OR=2.265,95% CI:1.156-4.437) were associated with increased risk of occupational burnout. However, staff's family support (OR=0.448,95% CI:0.243-0.826), nearby community residents' support (OR=0.533,95% CI:0.290-0.978), and patients' respect (OR=0.348,95% CI:0.197-0.617) were associated with decreased risk of occupational burnout. Conclusions Occupational burnout is widespread among health workers of MMT clinics in Yunnan Province. Job-related factors have more significant impacts than the demographic characteristics do. It is necessary to strengthen professional training in medical personnel, to improve the comprehensive ability of working, to strive for the support of the family and the public, to build up mutual respect and trust between patients and health workers.

Analysis on the epidemiological characteristics and trend of traffic fatality data among residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai, 2002-2015

CHEN Yi-chen, LI Xiao-pan, YANG Chen, HAO Li-peng, SUN Qiao, YAN Bei

2017, 21(6): 602-606. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.015

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Objective To explore the traffic fatality epidemiological characteristics, to analyze the trend of mortality of residents in Pudong New Area of Shanghai from 2002 to 2015, and to provide a reference for establishing the intervention measures. Methods According to the traffic fatality data of residents from 2002 to 2015 in Pudong New Area, crude mortality, standardized mortality rate, potential years of life lost (PYLL), working years of potential lost (WPYLL) and annual percent change (APC) were calculated to analyze the status and trends of mortality of traffic accident. Results The annual average crude death rate (CDR) for traffic accident was 10.72/100 000 during 2002-2015 age-standardized rate (ASR) was 7.03/100 000. During these 14 years, data showed a downward trend on both CDR and ASR (APC=-5.85%, -7.67%, P<0.001). The traffic accident mortality in males was higher than that in female (Z=23.00, P<0.001). The proportion of pedestrians, bicyclists and motorcyclists was 82.16%. The PYLL, PYLLR and WPYLL of traffic fatality were 64 445 years, 1.73‰, and 49 271 years. Conclusions The traffic accident mortality in Pudong New Area during 2002-2015 is higher than national average level, and showed downward trend. More attention should be paid to prevent against the death caused by traffic accident especially among pedestrians, bicyclists and motorcyclists and comprehensive intervention is necessary.

Analysis on the correlation between injury of adolescents and school and peer factors

YU Xiao-ming, WAN Xing, ZHANG Yi-tian, DUAN Jia-li, HUANG Si-zhe, FU Yun, WANG Jia

2017, 21(6): 607-610. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.016

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Objective To explore the correlation between injury and school and peer factors among adolescents, and to provide the scientific evidence for the intervention on injury prevention. Methods 4 408 students in grades 7 to 12 were selected through multi-stage stratified sampling in Beijing and Zhongshan city, Guangdong Province. A self-report anonymous questionnaire involving injury, school and peer factors were completed by students themselves. SPSS 20.0 was adopted for statistical analysis. Results 4 309 valid questionnaires were collected. The total incidence of injuries was 15.5% while the incidence of repeated injuries was 4.3%. The incidence of boys (17.8%) was higher than that of girls (13.4%). The incidence in junior high school (17.4%) was higher than that in senior high school (13.6%). The incidence in Zhongshan city (17.9%) was higher than that in Beijing (13.0%). Peer relationship was associated with injury among adolescents. School climate, peer's attitude to risk behavior, friends' delinquent behavior were correlated with both initial injury and repeated injury. Conclusions Injury prevention should base on the characteristics of the injuries among adolescent. School should be considered as the primary place for injury prevention. A supportive environment was beneficial to injury reduction.

The relationship between cyberbullying and suicide-related behavior among the vocational college students in Anhui Province

WANG Wen-jing, ZHANG Zhi-hua, LI Yi-feng, WU Xiao-shuang, ZHAO Feng, YANG Bi-jing, LIU Xi-qiao, SUN Ye-huan

2017, 21(6): 611-614. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.017

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Objective To observe the prevalence rate of cyberbullying among adolescents in Anhui province, and to analyze the relationship between cyberbullying and suicide-related behavior, to provide the basis for intervention of cyberbullying and suicide-related behavior. Methods 10 574 students were selected from 5 vocational colleges by stratified cluster random sampling in Anhui province, to measure the situation of cyberbullying and suicide-related behavior, analyze the relationship between cyberbullying and suicide-related behavior. Results 10 158 valid questionnaires were obtained, 3.3% of study subjects were victims of cyberbullying. Prevalence rates of suicide idea, suicide plan and suicide attempt were 5.6%, 3.5% and 1.8%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis results showed that being cyberbullied was the risk factor of suicidal ideation, suicidal plan and attempted suicide in both sexes (all P<0.05). Conclusions Cyberbulling victimization is common among adolescents, and cyberbullying has a close relationship with suicide-related behavior, these should be paird more attention.

Study on neglect status and risk factors of adolescence male students aged 12-17

HUO Ting-ting, ZHU Li-ling, XU Hong-mei

2017, 21(6): 615-617,631. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.018

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Objective To survey current status and relevant risk factors of neglect for adolescence male students, so as to provide a basis for performing scientific intervention measures. Methods 299 male students aged 12-14 and 471 male students were recruited by multistage stratified random sampling. They were investigated by evaluation questionnaire of child neglect of urban student aged 12-17 years in China.SPSS 19.0 was employed for statistic analysis. Results The average neglect degree of male students aged 12-14 were 49.40±7.27, and the average neglect degree of male students aged 15-17 were 51.25 ±8.84, which was higher than the average neglect degree of male students aged 12-14(t=-3.179, P=0.002). And it was higher on physical, emotion, safety and medical neglect types(all P<0.05). Single factor analysis, binary logistic regression analysis and multiple linear regression showed that the main risk factors of adolescence male students included the period of adolescence, fathers' age, mothers' education background, and the relationship with their fathers. Conclusions The current neglect status of adolescence male students is serious and the main risk factors are from themselves, factors of their parents and family. We should educate parents and teachers more on child neglect and tell them how to pass the sensitive period of their children. As a result, we can give them a better atmosphere for their growing.

Prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases in knee and its influencing factors among greenhouse farmers in Shouguang

ZHENG Wen-jing, YAO Hong-yan, LIU Jian-jun, GUO Meng-jie, WANG Kai, FANG Su-juan

2017, 21(6): 618-621. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.019

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Objective To assess the prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases in knee as well as the influencing factors among greenhouse farmers in Shouguang. Methods A cross-sectional household survey was conducted in the greenhouse farmers who had been working for at least a year. The greenhouse farmers were chosen from five main vegetable cultivating areas in Shouguang, Shandong Province. Results A total of 1 780 subjects were surveyed. The annual prevalence of knee musculoskeletal diseases among greenhouse farmers was 41.9%. 48 variables were found significantly associated with knee musculoskeletal diseases through univariate Logistic regression analysis. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that the female gender (OR=1.795, 95% CI:1.433-2.249), age≥50years old (OR=1.635, 95% CI:1.271-2.105), BMI≥24 kg/m² (OR=1.445, 95% CI:1.151-1.814), working years≥20years (OR=1.767, 95% CI:1.368-2.282), keep working on knees(OR=1.616;95% CI:1.207-2.165), keep walking while working(OR=1.967;95% CI:1.290-3.000), lifting heavy objects in awkward posture (OR=1.421,95% CI:1.116-1.809), bending slightly(OR=2.084,95% CI:1.427-3.045), turning over significantly (OR=1.291,95% CI:1.002-1.663), bending or turning around the head repetitively (OR=1.565,95% CI:1.187-2.063) and forced bending(OR=1.245,95% CI: 0.979-1.584) were the main risk factors of musculoskeletal diseases in knees. Conclusions The findings showed a relatively higher prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases of knees among greenhouse farmers. Proper measures to prevent and control the prevalence of musculoskeletal diseases of knees are strongly recommended.

The frequency of drug resistance mutations among different HIV-1 subtypes in Chinese MSM: a Meta-analysis

YIN Yue-qi, ZHU Jing, WU Nan-nan, WANG Qing, HONG Xiang, WANG Bei

2017, 21(6): 622-626. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.020

Abstract(344)

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Objective To understand the frequency of HIV-1 drug resistance mutation and the distribution among different subtypes in Chinese MSM. Methods A computerized literature search was carried out in Chinese Journal Full-text Database(CNKI), Wanfang Database, SinoMed Database, Pubmed, web of science, Embase, etc. Related papers were collected to identify screening studies for HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in China. Systemic review was performed to filter qualified studies, which must have definite study time, locations, criterion of drug resistance test and other related information. The data extracted from the included studies were calculated by Freeman-Tukey method to acquire the combine rate. Subgroup analysis was executed by HIV-1 subtypes. Begg's test was executed to test publication bias. All the statistical analysis were performed by Stata 12.0 software. Results Ten studies were included, the information of 23 mutation sites were obtained, five subtypes (01AE, 07BC, 08BC, B, CRFs) were. The prevalence of A71T/V/I was 17.42% (8.20-29.17). Mutation sites M46I/L, T69D/NS, L74I/S and K103N/R were only tested in subtype 01AE. The prevalence of mutation rate of each mutation site in subtype B was higher than other subtypes. Conclusions In Chinese MSM, mutation of HIV-1 in subtype 01AE is diversification and the mutation rate among different sites on subtype B are higher than other subtypes. Subtypes of 01AE and B in transmission drug resistance contribute more than others, which need more attention.

Meta analysis on the effect of integrated mode of community hypertension intervention in China

ZHANG Chen-yun, CAI Xiao-lu, HUANG Hui-ling, ZHANG Wen-chang

2017, 21(6): 627-631. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.021

Abstract(354)

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Objective To evaluate the effects of the integrated mode of community hypertension intervention in different regions of China at this stage and to provide evidences for selecting and optimizing the mode of community hypertension intervention in China. Methods Related articles published between 2009 and 2015 were searched through China national knowledge infrastructure (CNKI), VIP Chinese science and technology periodical database (VIP), wanfang data (Wanfang), Chinese biomedical literature database (CBM), and evaluated with the inclusion and exclusion criteria strictly. We used random effects model to calculate the effective size based on the result of heterogeneity analysis to evaluate total effect of integrated mode of community hypertension intervention with meta-analysis, and then conducted subgroup analysis based on region (urban and rural area, or the southern and northern area of the Yangtze River). Results A total of 14 articles met inclusion criteria. The results showed that the effective size of effect of integrated mode of community hypertension intervention was 0.64(95% CI:0.60-0.68),the difference was statistically significant(Z=32.61, P<0.001); The effective size of urban and rural area were 0.66 and 0.57,the difference were statistically significant (P<0.001); The effective size of the southern and northern area were 0.63 and 0.64,the difference were statistically significant (P<0.001). Conclusion The effects of the integrated mode of community hypertension intervention in hina (including the urban or rural crea, the southern or northern area of the Yangtze river) is definite.

Research progress on quality of life and social support among parents of children with congenital anorectal malformations

LI Jing, GAO Wei, ZUO Wei, LIU Xiang

2017, 21(6): 632-634,637. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.022

Abstract(431)

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Congenital anorectal malformations are one of the most commonly observed congenital malformations of the digestive system. The surgical treatment has saved many children's lives. But the postoperative complications, including anal incontinence, stenosis, constipation, etc. caused serious damage to physical and mental health of children. Parents as primary caregivers, not only undertake heavy tasks of taking care of their children, but also bear economic and mental burden. Much more attention should be paid to them. This article summarizes the research progress on quality of life and social support among parents of children with anorectal malformations, which can provide evidence to improve the quality of life of the parents.

Analysis on prevalence of fatty liver and its influencing factors of community residents in Wuhu City

DING Lei, CHEN Jing-xin, ZUO Xiang, WANG Xing-hua, DING Shu-shu, YUAN Hui

2017, 21(6): 635-637. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.023

Abstract(181)

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The analysis of gout cognition status of clinicians

CHENG Miao, TAO Jin-hui, KUAI Yue, NIU Yang-yang, ZHANG Jing, GUO Zi-ming, DAI Tao, JIANG Peng, YANG Yang, ZHU Ruo-hui

2017, 21(6): 638-640. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.024

Abstract(221)

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Prevalence of dental caries among primary school students in Liuzhou City from 2010 to 2015

QIN Zhong-shu

2017, 21(6): 641-643. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.025

Abstract(183)

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Confirmation and epidemiological investigation of the first confirmed case of yellow fever in Shanghai

SONG Can-lei, ZHENG Ya-xu, LIU Tian, XIAO Wen-jia, ZHANG Chun-zhe, CHEN Ri-dong, PAN-Hao

2017, 21(6): 644-646. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.06.026

Abstract(306)

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Editor

Editor-in-Chief Ye Dongqing M.D.

Assistant editor Fan Yinguang M.D.

Assistant editor Pan Haifeng M.D.

Assistant editor