中华疾病控制杂志

MA Jun

2017, 21(9): 863-865. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.001

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Child and Adolescent Health (also known as School Health) is an important branch of Preventive Medicine and aims to protect and promote physical and mental health of children and adolescents. School Health development in China dates from the beginning of the twentieth century, and has made significant progress during the past century, covering the development and improvement of Child and Adolescent Health discipline, the perfection of School Health work system, and the establishment of student health monitoring system and disease control and prevention system. It has made a major contribution for health promotion of children and adolescents in China.

The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in China

CHEN Yi-shan, ZHANG Yi-min, KONG Zhen-xing, YU Jing-jing, SUN Ting-ting, ZHANG Han-yue

2017, 21(9): 866-869,878. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.002

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Objective To investigate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents, in order to provide the basis for developing obesity precautionary and control measures. Methods The data was extracted from the work in revision of National Student Physical Fitness Standard, including 120 275 children and adolescents of 7-18 years old. The Chinese body mass index criteria was used for screening overweight and obesity. Results the overall prevalence of obese was 7.1% (boys:9.1%, girls:5.2%), of which 12.2% (boys:14.6%, girls:9.8%) were overweight. The prevalence of obesity was decreased gradually with increasing age, but the boys' prevalence at the age of 9 and the girls' prevalence at the age of 16-17 was rebounded slightly. The obesity of children and adolescents from rural areas was in a significant growth stage, the prevalence of obesity was 4.6% and overweight was 9.6%. There were differences between Han students and minority students, the Han' prevalence of obesity and overweight were 2.3% and 3.2% higher than minority. The highest prevalence of overweight and obesity in Provincial Center City. The prevalence characteristic of obesity was uneven among different geographic areas, and was the maximum in North China and the minimum in Southern China. Conclusions The prevalence of obesity and overweight is higher among the males, primary students, rural areas, Han students, Provincial Center Cities, North and northeast areas. A targeted strategies and measures for obesity-prevention should be conducted.

A study on the etiology and epidemiological characteristics of fever and rash syndrome among children under the age of five years in Northwest China from 2009 to 2015

Lazhati·Mulati, MENG Lei, BAI Ya-na, LIU Xin-feng, LI Juan-sheng, LIU Dong-peng, LI Gang-gang, REN Xiao-wei

2017, 21(9): 870-873. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.003

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Objective To explore the etiology and epidemiological characteristics of fever and rash syndrome among children under the age of five years in Northwest China from 2009 to 2015. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis was conducted based on the monitoring data in sentinel hospitals, which was from the information management system of national infectious disease monitoring from 2009 to 2015 in Gansu, Qinghai, Inner Mongolia and Xinjiang. Results The results showed that the major pathogens of fever and rash syndrome among children under the age of five years were enterovirus, measles virus, varicella-zoster virus (VZV) and rubella virus. The major pathogens among children in the age group of 0-years and in the age group of 1-5 years were measles virus and enteroviruses, respectively. Among the positive cases of enterovirus, the positive detectable rates of human enterovirus 71(EV71) and coxsackie A16(CA16) were 47.18% and 45.59%, respectively. The incidences of enterovirus and measles virus infection were mainly concentrated on May to July and March to May, respectively. Conclusions The major pathogens of fever and rash syndrome among children under the age of five years in Northwest china were enterovirus and measles virus with seasonal epidemic characteristics. Therefore, the prevention and control of measles and hand-foot-mouth disease should be strengthened.

Investigation on infectious diseases prevention and control and analysis of influencing factors of primary and middle school in Pudong New Area

XU Hong-mei, WANG Jing, ZHU Wei-ping, WANG Yuan-ping

2017, 21(9): 874-878. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.004

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Objective To investigate the situation of infectious diseases prevention and control and its possible influencing factors of primary and middle schools in Pudong New Area, in order to provide evidence for establishment of effective control system of primary and middle schools. Methods The situation of infectious diseases prevention and control of 368 primary and middle schools in Pudong New Area was investigated. Results Organization and relevant system for infectious diseases prevention and control were carried well, but the proportion of full-time health care personnel was low. There had been infectious diseases in 297(80.71%) schools from 2013 to 2015, involving 4 326 cases. And 129(35.05%) schools had 255 infectious diseases clusters. Whether the disinfection of sanitary ware and indoor air were qualified were the possible influencing factors of infectious diseases prevention and control. Conclusions The overall work of infectious diseases prevention and control is developed well, but some aspects need further improvement.

Prevalence of the poor vision among primary and secondary school students in Henan Province and analysis of the related factors

XU Feng-ming, LOU Xiao-min, WU Cui-ping, ZHANG Yan-qin, WANG Xiao-lin, GUO Wei-wei, GAO Gen-li

2017, 21(9): 879-883,887. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.005

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Objective To analyze epidemic status and influencing factors for the poor vision of the students in Henan in 2014 and to provide the scientific basis of more targeted myopia prevention strategies. Methods The data of 34 886 students aged 9 to 18 who were involved in the students' physical fitness survey in Henan province in 2014 was used to analyze epidemic status and influencing factors for the poor vision. Results The prevalence rate of myopia among Henan students was 62.5%. In addition, high school was higher than middle school which was higher than primary school. Girl was higher than boy, and urban was higher than rural. Through the unconditional logistic regression, having breakfast three to five times a week, eating eggs three to five times a week, drinking milk unusually, doing exercise over two hours a day, and watching TV over two hours a day were the protective factors for poor vision, of which the OR were 0.850, 0.883, 0.864, 0.830, 0.738 respectively. Correspondingly, the 95% CI were 0.776-0.931, 0.813-0.960, 0.812-0.920, 0.722-0.955, 0.681-0.799. While sleeping less than seven hours, PE class one time a week or less, refusing to run long-distance, doing homework over two hours, and playing the e-productions over two hours were the risk factors of which OR were 1.100, 1.091, 1.100, 1.375, 1.155 respectively. Correspondingly, the 95% CI were 1.009-1.199, 1.017-1.172, 1.024-1.183, 1.287-1.469, 1.072-1.244. Conclusions The rate of the myopia among the students in Henan is still severe. There are multifarious factors related to poor vision. Therefore, much more targeted measures should be taken to prevent poor vision from developing.

Analysis on antimicrobial resistance of methicillin-resistant and multidrug-resistant staphylococcus aureus from primary school students in Guangzhou City

WANG Xiao-lin, LAI Hui-hua, LI Shun-ming, CHEN Zhi-yao, GUO Dan, CHEN Si-dong, YE Xiao-hua

2017, 21(9): 884-887. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.006

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Objective To explore the carry rate and antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) among primary school students. Methods Nasal swab samples were collected from healthy primary school students in Guangzhou. Antibiotic susceptibility testing was applied to test S. aureus strains. Results The overall carriage rate of S. aureus, methicillin-resistant S. aureus (MRSA) and multi-drug-resistant S. aureus (MDRSA) among 1 012 primary school students were 40.1%, 1.2% and 4.0%, respectively. Most S. aureus isolates were resistant to penicillin, erythromycin and clindamycin. The dominant multidrug resistance patterns of MDRSA isolates were resistant to erythromycin-clindamycin-tetracycline and erythromycin-clindamycin-cefoxitin. Multifactor dimensionality reduction analysis showed that the rate of resistance to cefoxitin, tetracycline and chloromycetin among MDRSA was 104.39 times as much as that of non-MDRSA. Conclusions The carriage rate of S. aureus in healthy primary school students from Guangzhou was high and these isolates showed multidrug resistance. These data provide basis for guiding the rational use of antibiotics.

Analysis on influencing factors of late detection for newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS positive patients in Guangxi in 2015

ZHOU Chong-xing, HU Xi, SHEN Zhi-yong, ZHU Qiu-ying, MENG Qin, ZANG Dan-yan, SONG Li-ping, JIANG Jun-jun, HUANG Jie-gang, LIANG Bing-yu

2017, 21(9): 888-890,899. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.007

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Objective To explore the influencing factors of late diagnosis for newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS positive patients in Guangxi in 2015. Methods The CD4⁺ T lymphocytes count which was first detection for newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS positive patients in Guangxi during 2015 was collected. Data were statistically analyzed. Results We collected 8 586 newly diagnosed HIV/AIDS whose median CD4⁺ T lymphocytes counts was 237.5 cells/μl, and 43.12% of them had less than 200 cells/μl. Gender, age, occupation, marriage, nation, education, route of transmission, types of testing and region had effects on late HIV diagnosis(all P<0.05). Logistic analysis found that risk factors associated with the late diagnosis of HIV were male(OR=1.851,95% CI:1.673-2.048), migrant worker (OR=1.387,95% CI:1.242-1.549), education below middle and secondary school(OR=1.619,95% CI:1.400-1.873), currently married(OR=1.207, 95% CI:1.075-1.354), divorced or widowed(OR=1.508,95% CI:1.309-1.738). Voluntary testing was a protective factor. Conclusions The prevalence the late diagnosis of HIV was high in Guangxi in 2015, it is crucial for related departments to enhance the testing and screening effort for HIV/AIDS.

Viral etiology of acute upper respiratory infection in Hebei Province from 2013 to 2015

HAN Guang-yue, LI Yan, LIU Yan-fang, LIU Lan-fen, JIANG Cai-xiao, LI Qi, QI Shun-xiang

2017, 21(9): 891-894. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.008

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Objective To investigate the viral etiology and the epidemilogy of acute upper respiratory tract infection in Hebei Province from 2013 to 2015, providing scientific basis for diagnosis, prevention and control of the respiratory tract infection. Methods 1 551 throat swab samples of the acute upper respiratory infection patients from four hospitals in Hebei Province were collected, Multiplex real-time PCR was used to detect 15 kinds of respiratory tract viruses for all specimens after nucleic acids extraction. Results Totally 714 positive samples were obtained from 1 551 samples, with a positive rate of 46.03%. Human rhinovirus(186, 11.99%)was detected as the most common viral species, followed by human parainfluenza 3(167,10.77%),respiratory syncytial virus (122,7.87%), adenovirus (108,6.96%),influenza B virus(56,3.61%), human metapneumovirus(40,2.58%), influenza A virus(39,2.51%), human boca virus (38,2.45%),human parainfluenza 1(35,2.26%),human coronavirus-229E/NL63(33,2.13%), human enterovirus (32, 2.06%), human parainfluenza 4(31,2.00%), human coronavirus-OC43(30,1.93%), and human parainfluenza 2(11,0.71%). 176 cases (11.35%) were detected as co-infection. The infection rate(56.07%) of under 5 years old group was higher than that of other groups. Conclusions The predominant respiratory viruses, who are responsible for acute upper respiratory tract infections in Hebei Province, are HRV, PIV3,RSV, ADV and IFV.Each virus possess the specific epidemiological feature.

The impacts of case definition of influenza-like illness on influenza surveillance

ZHENG Ya-xu, JIANG Chen-yan, MAO Sheng-hua, KONG De-chuan, CHEN Jian

2017, 21(9): 895-899. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.009

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Objective To compare the detection situation of influenza-like illnesses with different symptoms and analyze the impact on the influenza surveillance by adopting different case definitions of influenza-like illness. Methods Data was collected from 2 national influenza surveillance sentinel hospitals in Shanghai, 2015. We compared the positive rate of influenza virus among patients with different symptoms (with cough and sore throat, with cough only and with sore throat only), and utilized Logistic regression model to analyze the influencing factors of the detection rate of influenza virus. Results Among 2 010 influenza-like illnesses, 1 105 patients were with cough and sore throat, 270 patients were with cough, 635 patients were with sore throat, and the positive rate of influenza was 36.2%, 39.3% and 15.9% respectively. The patients with cough and sore throat or with cough only had a higher positive rate of influenza than patients with sore throat (all P<0.05). For patients with specimens collected within 3 days, patients with cough and sore throat, or with cough only had a higher positive rate than patients with sore throat only (all P<0.05). Logistic regression results showed that fever (body temperature ≥ 39℃) (OR=1.719, 95% CI:1.389-2.127) and cough (OR=3.046, 95% CI:2.377-3.905) were associated with the detection of influenza virus. Conclusions We suggested that we can adopt the case definition of influenza-like illness 'fever (body temperature ≥ 38℃) and cough' in the influenza surveillance system.

Screening of college students contacts among tuberculosis index patients in Haidian district, Beijing

LIU Xi, XING Yan, LI Jie, ZHAN Si-yan

2017, 21(9): 900-903. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.010

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Objective To screen college students contacts of tuberculosis index cases among colleges located in Haidian District,Beijing, so as to provide evidence for the modification of screening strategies for college students. Method The purified protein derivative test (PPD) and chest X-ray examination were carried out in colleges, located in Haidian District from March 2015 to March 2016. The basic demographic characteristics, tuberculosis infection and detection of patients, etc were analyzed. Results A total of 88 cases of tuberculosis index cases were diagnosed, and 3 604 college students contacts were detected 16 pulmonary tuberculosis cases were detected among close contacts, and all patients were negative, the detection rate was 443.95/100 000. Among the 3 604 close contacts, the positive rate of PPD was 8.32%. With the increase of the diameter of the PPD reaction, the detection rate of tuberculosis patients increased significantly (χ_trend²=8.06, P<0.001). During the period of outbreak, the PPD positive rate and the detection rate of patients were significantly higher than that of non-outbreak period, and the difference was statistically significant(all P<0.05). Conclusions It is necessary to strengthen the screening of tuberculosis among college students, and to find out the infected persons and patients as early as possible, so as to prevent the outbreak of tuberculosis.

The effect of expression level of IL-23R mRNA on Th17/IL-17 immune response in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection

JIN Liu, ZHAO De-sheng, ZHANG Heng, ZHANG Zhi-guo, CAO Shu-hui, WANG Wei, JIN Jun, ZHANG Xiao-nan, SU Hong

2017, 21(9): 904-908. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.011

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Objective To investigate the effect of interleukin 23 receptor (IL-23R) on T helper cell 17 (Th17) cell-mediated immune response in mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB) infection, and to explore the role of IL-23R in the pathogenesis of pulmonary tuberculosis. Methods 21 active lung tuberculosis (ATB) patients were enrolled in Beijing chest hospital from July to October in 2015, 21 cases of latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) and 21 healthy Healthy Donors (HD) were selected from Beijing Changping center for tuberculosis control and prevention from May to July in 2015. The peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were isolated and cultured. The expression of IL-23R mRNA in PBMCs was detected, IL-23 and IL-17A levels in the supernatant of PBMCs were measured. The expression of IL-23R mRNA in different groups and the effect of IL-23R expression on IL-17A level were analyzed. Results The expression of IL-23R mRNA in ATB group was lower than that in LTBI group (Z=-2.528,P=0.011),and in ATB group was higher than that in HD group (Z=-3.849,P<0.001). The expression of IL-17A in ATB group was lower than that in LTB group (t=2.238,P=0.031), and ATB group was higher than that in HD group (t=4.733,P<0.001). There was no significant difference in IL-23 level between the three groups (F=0.432,P=0.651). IL-23R mRNA expression was positively correlated with IL-17A level (r_s=0.438,P=0.047). Conclusions The expression level of IL-23R in mycobacterium tuberculosis infection can regulate the immune response mediated by Th17 cells, which may affect the susceptibility and infection outcome of pulmonary tuberculosis.

Research on relative factors of abnormal glycometabolism in chronic hepatitis C patients

LIU Mei, ZANG Feng, YAO Yi-nan, HUANG Peng, YU Rong-bin

2017, 21(9): 909-912,970. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.012

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Objective Hepatitis C virus patients are often accompanied by insulin resistance and diabetes. To probe the relative factors of abnormal glycometabolism in chronic HCV infections. Methods A total of 1 039 treatment-naive patients that were confirmed chronic HCV infected were enrolled in the study. The demographics, biochemical index parameters and other data about liver function and HCV viral load were got from infectious disease department of Jurong Pepole's Hospital in China. Results A total of 140 (13.5%) patients were diagnosed with some forms of abnormal glycometabolism. The body mass index (BMI) (χ²=9.231, P=0.010), waist circumference (χ²=7.984, P=0.018), systolic blood pressure (χ²=16.366, P<0.001), diastolic blood pressure (χ²=13.970, P=0.001), alanine aminotransferase(ALT)(χ²=4.809, P=0.028), HCV-RNA viral load (t=-3.818, P<0.001) were significantly different between non-diabetic HCV patients and abnormal glycometabolism patients. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that ALT(OR=2.986, 95% CI:1.171-7.615) and HCV-RNA viral load (OR=2.061, 95% CI:1.165-3.644) were found as risk factors in multivariate regression analysis for patients with chronic hepatitis C who had abnormal glucose metabolism. Conclusions Chronic hepatitis C patients with higher ALT and HCV-RNA level were more probably to suffer from abnormal glycometabolism. In order to find potentially novel risk factors of HCV with abnormal glucose metabolisn, further studies about genetic and other clinical factors need to be processed.

Analysis on the influencing factors of renal dysfunction in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

PAN En-chun, MIAO Dan-dan, ZHANG Qin, QIN Yu, SUN Zhong-ming, WANG Chuang, WU Ming

2017, 21(9): 913-916,920. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.013

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Objective To understand the status of renal function abnormalities and explore its influencing factors in a community-based population with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods Totally 9 413 patients with T2DM who have registered and received management of community public health service in 2014 were recruited in our study. All participants undertook questionnaire survey, physical examination and laboratory test. A simplified MDRD formula was used for estimating Glomerular Filtration Rate (eGFR), and Logistic Regression method was used to analyze the risk factors. Results The average eGFR was 91 ml/min·1.73 m² and the attack rate of people with eGFR <60 ml/min 1.73 m² was 10.56%. The difference of renal function in participants with different age and gender was significant(χ²=6.306, P=0.012; χ²=269.293, P<0.001). Renal function in male patients and older patients was more worse. Multivariate analysis showed that long duration of diabetes, high levels of low density lipoprotein (LDL), total cholesterol (TC) and triglycerides (TG), uncontrolled blood glucose were independent risk factors for renal dysfunction. Conclusions Patients with T2DM are susceptible to renal function abnormalities. Comprehensively control of blood glucose, blood lipid and blood pressure should be performed to decrease the risk of the disease.

Distribution of cardiocerebral vascular disease death and its life expectancy eliminating causes of death in Shandong Province in 2012

WANG Ni, WU Bing-yi, WU Ji-lei, PEI Li-jun, ZHAO Xin-chao

2017, 21(9): 917-920. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.014

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Objective To explore the impact of cardio cerebral vascular diseases (CVD) on life expectancy among residents in Shandong Province, develop effective preventive measures for the high-risk population and provide guidance for the health care resource allocation. Methods Based on the death monitoring data of the disease in Shandong Province in 2012, we calculated the crude mortality and standardized the mortality rate of the disease. We designed life tables with all causes of death and with eliminating causes of CVD death and analysed life expectancy with and without them examined. Results In 2012, crude mortality rate of CVD was 320.16/100 000 (SMR 252.85/100 000) in Shandong Province. The death rate of CVD was of 46.30% of all deaths reported by monitoring system. The mortality rate of CVD in male and female were 332.99/100 000 and 307.02/100 000, respectively. The mortality rate of CVD in rural and urban areas were 341.84/100 000 and 267.28/100 000, respectively. The mortality of CVD increased with age and growed rapidly after the age of 60. Life expectancy of urban and rural areas was 79.20 years and 78.14 years, respectively. After eliminating causes of CVD death, life expectancy for eliminating causes of CVD death in urban and rural areas increased 8.51 years and 10.02 years, respectively. Life expectancy for eliminating causes of CVD death in male and female increased 8.02 years and 11.10 years, respectively. Conclusions Life expectancy of urban and rural areas, the male and female for eliminating causes of CVD death than that of all causes of death were greatly extended. Reducing the death caused by CVD to increase health life expectancy have important public health significance.

A study on the relationship between the lifestyle and chronic non-communicable diseases of the landless peasants

FANG Ke-hong, MU Min, LIU Kai, XUE Song, SHANG Jie, WANG Fu-qiang, GUO Heng-sheng, CHEN Cao-yi-lang

2017, 21(9): 921-925. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.015

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Objective To investigate the prevalence of chronic non-communicable diseases among farmers, landless peasants and urban population in a certain area of Anhui Province, to explore the relationship between the lifestyles of landless peasants and their chronic non-communicable diseases. Methods A total of 761 valid questionnaires were collected by cross-sectional epidemiological study, including 119 farmers, 259 landless peasants and 383 urban groups. The enumeration data was analyzed by χ² test and the measurement data analyzed by variance. The risk of chronic non-communicable diseases in each group was analyzed by Logistic regressions. Results General demographic characteristics showed that there were differences in three groups of people in the respects of drinking, eating habits and physical activity and other lifestyles (all P<0.05). Logistic regression analysis showed that the onset risk of hypertension and overweight obesity in the famer group and the landless peasant group was lower than that in the urban group, but higher than that in the peasant group. After adjusting for confounding factors, the prevalence of hypertension in the farmer group (OR=0.20, 95% CI:0.12-0.33) and the lost land group (OR=0.65, 95% CI:0.44-0.95) was lower than that in the urban group, the overweight obesity in the farmer group (OR=0.44, 95% CI:0.27-0.74) and the lost land group(OR=0.67, 95% CI:0.47-0.96)was lower than that in the urban group. The incidence of atherosclerosis in the farmer group(OR=2.48, 95% CI:1.45-4.23) and the lost land group(OR=2.00, 95% CI:1.33-3.02) was higher than that in the urban group. Conclusions The living style of landless peasants is different from those of rural group and urban group, and the incidence of hypertension and overweight obesity is higher than that of farmers. We should take interventions against chronic non-communicable diseases in landless peasants.

Analysis of factors influencing the health-related quality of life in patients with cervical cancer based on FACT-Cx (V4.0)

ZHOU Lin, MENG Qiong, YANG Zheng, LI Gao-feng, YANG Hong-ying, ZHANG Hong-ping

2017, 21(9): 926-929,938. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.016

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Objective To evaluate the health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and its influencing factors in patients with cervical cancer. Methods 120 inpatients with cervical cancer at Yunnan Tumor Hospital were investigated by functional assessment of cancer therapy-cervix (FACT-Cx), t-test, analysis of variance and multiple linear regression were used to analyze factors influencing the HRQOL. Results The total HRQOL score of patients was (104.88±19.51), and the domain scores of physical well-being (PWB), social/family well-being (SWB), emotional well-being (EWB), functional well-being (FWB), cervical cancer subscale (CxS) were (20.41±5.46), (17.17±6.10), (15.73±5.06), (13.34±5.83), (38.23±6.26), respectively. Based on multiple linear regression,the influencing factors of PWB were marital status and clinical stages, the influencing factor of SWB was marital status, the influencing factors of EWB were education levels and clinical stages, the influencing factors of FWB, CxS and total score were all marital status, clinical stages and education levels. Conclusions The HRQOL scores were influenced by a number of factors and it is significant to improve HRQOL in patients with cervical cancer by relieving symptoms and reducing treatment side effects according to patients' specialty, also psychological support and encouragement was essential.

Prognostic values of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio and hemoglobin-to-white blood cell ratio on non-operative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma patients

ZHANG Qian-qian, CHEN Wei-lin, LIN Zheng, PENG Xian-e, HU Zhi-jian, ZHANG Cheng-qian, SONG Xian-hui, CHEN Hua-dong

2017, 21(9): 930-934. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.017

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Objective To evaluate the predictive value of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) and hemoglobin-to-white blood cell ratio (HWR) prior to treatment in prognosis of non-operative esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) patients. Methods From October 2009 to November 2014, a total of 362 non-operative ESCC patients were enrolled in this prospective study. χ² test was used to analyze the relationship between NLR, HWR and general clinical features; Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analysis was performed to evaluate the association between variables and prognosis of non-operative ESCC patients. Results The optimal cutoff level of 1.23 for NLR and 24.92 for HWR were identified by X-title software. χ² test indicated NLR was significantly associated with gender, tumor length, T stage, TNM stage and fasting blood glucose level. Moreover, univariate and multivariate analyses showed that high NLR and high HWR were all associated with a poor prognosis in non-operative ESCC. However, when patients were specifically stratified by treatment modus, subset analysis showed that NLR was only predictive of prognosis in the concurrent chemoradiotherapy group (HR=4.080,95% CI:1.074-15.497,P=0.039), whereas the influence of HWR on prognosis was just existed in the sequential chemoradiotherapy group (HR=2.625,95% CI:1.311-5.254,P=0.006). Conclusions In this investigation, we found that high NLR and high HWR were associated with poor prognosis in non-operative ESCC.

Clinical characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis caused by pauciarticular arthritis

WANG Bin, CHEN Zhu, LI Xiang-pei, GUO Zhao-jun

2017, 21(9): 935-938. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.018

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Objective To improve the comprehensive understanding and treatment level of the disease by analyzing the clinical characteristics of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) caused by pauciarticular arthritis. Methods The method was retrospective analysis and summary of clinical and laboratory data of 198 cases of patients with RA, in which 98 cases of pauciarticular arthritis belonged to the observation group and 100 cases of polyarticular arthritis belonged to the control group. Results Male patients in observation group were obviously more than those in the control group (t=2.456, P=0.015). Courses of disease was obviously shorter than those in the control group (t=-2.450, P=0.018). The number of involved joints was obviously less than those in the control group (t=-6.316, P<0.001). The incidence of morning stiffness was significantly less than those in the control group (t=-3.884, P<0.001). Rating scores of disease activity score 28 were significantly lower than those in the control group (t=-8.694, P<0.001). And positive rate of anti-cyslic citrullinated peptide antibody is significantly higher than those in the control group (t=-2.299, P=0.022). Thyrotrophin levels were significantly higher than those in the control group (t=3.809, P<0.001). There was no significant differences in age, erythrocyte sedimentation rate and C reactive protein, immunoglobulin and complement level, free triiodothyronine, free thyroxine, blood lipids, blood system and kidney involvement between the two groups (all P>0.05). Conclusions The conclusion turns out to be that there are no typical clinical manifestations showing that rheumatoid arthritis is caused by pauciarticular arthritis. Maybe it is the early performance of disease. It is worth attention that concurrent subclinical hypothyroidism turns out to be more.

The protective effect of bioimpedance spectroscopy guided ultrafiltration on residual renal function in hemodialysis patients

WANG Yang-yang, LI Cai-feng, HU Yu-qing, LIANG Meng, XU Shu-gen

2017, 21(9): 939-942. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.019

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Objective To observe the protective effect of bioimpedance spectroscopy guided ultrafiltration on residual renal function in new hemodialysis patients. Methods Patients with end-stage renal disease recruited from January 2015 to June 2016,were randomly divided into experimental group and control group. And all the patients were followed up for 3 months. The ultrafiltration was guided by the bioimpedance spectroscopy analysis in the experimental group, while the ultrafiltration was based on the edema,blood pressure, symptoms of low blood pressure and the increase of weight during the hemodialysis interphase in the control group. The difference of residual renal function, 24 hours urine volume and the incidence rate of adverse events between the two groups were collected. Results Compared with the control group, the urine volume(932.58±230.16 ml vs 584.45±137.76 ml,t=7.226,P<0.001)and residual renal function(RRF)(4.55±0.90 ml/min vs 3.08±0.68 ml/min,t=7.300,P<0.001)in the experimental group were higher. The drop of RRF(3.14±2.05 ml/min vs 4.40±2.09 ml/min, t=-2.384,P=0.020) and urinary volume (452.58±456.96 ml vs 877.45±452.45 ml, t=-3.679,P=0.001) were lower in the experimental group. While there was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events between the two groups(t=2.081,P=0.084). Conclusions It is helpful for slowing down the decline of residual renal function by using the bioimpedance spectroscopy guided ultrafiltration.

A roadside observation study of unsafe riding acts among electric bicycle riders in a city of Anhui Province

XING Xiu-ya, XU Wei, CHEN Ye-ji, LIU Zhi-rong, BIAN Zheng-ping, LIU Ya-sheng

2017, 21(9): 943-946,952. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.020

Abstract(221)

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Abstract:
Objective To understand the prevalence of unsafe riding practice among electric bicycle riders, and to provide scientific basis for intervention strategies in Ma'anshan city of Anhui Province. Methods Observational method was used to observe electric bicycle riders' behavior of running red light, wearing a helmet, and manned act. The radar speed measuring instrument was used to measure the speed of electric bicycle. Results The rate of electric bicycle riders' running red light was 13.09% (1 285/9 815), helmet wearing rate was 5.90% (1 510/25 576), and manned rate was 20.28% (5 187/25 576). The average speed was 24 km/h, and the electric bicycles whose speed were > 20 km/h accounted for 74.60%. There were significant differences in the running red light rate, helmet wearing rate and the average speed of travel among different time periods and dates (all P<0.05). More "running the red light" occurred during 13:30-14:30 and 15:00-16:00. Less "helmet wearing" occurred during 10:00-11:00 and 08:30-09:30. The periods with highest average speed were at 07:00-08:00, 08:30-09:30, 11:30-12:30, and 13:30-14:30, which was 24 km/h. The helmet wearing rate of females (6.54%) was higher than that of males(5.46%), the men's average speed (24 km/h) was higher than women's (23 km/h), and the differences were both statistically significant(all P<0.001). Conclusion The electric bicycle riders in Ma'anshan city of Anhui Province have the dangerous behavior of running red lights, not wearing a helmet, manned act and speeding. Targeted interventions should be taken to reduce the occurrence of related risk behaviors.

The research status of disaster toxicology

JIANG Yun-shen

2017, 21(9): 947-949. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.021

Abstract(215)

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China is the world's largest natural disaster type of country.Catastrophetoxicologywas introduced here about the significance,content,methods, research progress and trends of the catastrophe toxicology.

Analysis of the awareness of parenting knowledge and the influencing factors of caregivers for children aged 0-2 years

ZHENG Xiao-guo, XIAO Feng, LI Rui-li, YIN De-lu, YANG Hui-min, XIN Qian-qian, YIN Tao, WANG Li-hong, CHEN Bo-wen

2017, 21(9): 950-952. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.022

Abstract(285)

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Trend analysis and prediction of maternal mortality rate in Guangxi

ZUO Meng-ling, DONG Bai-qing, LEI Li-zhi, LIU Xiang-hong, LIANG Qiu-yu

2017, 21(9): 953-955. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.023

Abstract(220)

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Analysis on adolescent's constitution in prefecture of Dali in 1985-2014

LIU Yan-jun

2017, 21(9): 956-959. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.024

Abstract(188)

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Investigation on growth and development of 214 radiation workers' children in Ningbo

ZHANG Qun, YAN Peng, GAO Chao, WANG Yong

2017, 21(9): 960-962. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.025

Abstract(198)

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Investigation on the awareness of chronic kidney disease among residents in the community level of Kunming City

TIAN Bo, JIANG Run-sheng, ZHOU Mei, ZHANG Yao, ZENG Hui-juan, SONG Ju-min, MAO Yi-qing, WU Lin-xiong

2017, 21(9): 963-965. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.026

Abstract(243)

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Survey on the KAP of the influenza among residents in Longgang district of Shenzhen City

WANG Xiao-li, LIN Wen-jie, CHEN Qiu-jun, DING Hong

2017, 21(9): 966-968. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.027

Abstract(255)

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2017, 21(9): 969-970. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.028

Abstract(179)

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Editor

Editor-in-Chief Ye Dongqing M.D.

Assistant editor Fan Yinguang M.D.

Assistant editor Pan Haifeng M.D.

Assistant editor