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CN 34-1304/R ISSN 1674-3679

2018 Vol. 22, No. 10

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Research progressions in toxicity pathways of typical organic pollutants and heavy metals in food
LU Wei, ZHENG Wei-wei, ZHENG Yu-xin, HE Geng-sheng, QU Wei-dong
2018, 22(10): 983-986. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.001
Abstract(204) PDF(48)
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Food contamination is vital risk factor influencing food safety and population health. "Toxicity Testing in 21st Century:A Vision and a Strategy" addressed toxicity in the future should consider population and exposure data and set the strategy for toxicity test based on in vitro assay, human cell lines, high throughput screenings, and toxicity pathway, which are attempt to solve the challenges encountered by traditional toxicity testing in high-cost, time-consuming, resource-intensive, and species differences. This review focuses on the typical heavy metals and organic pollutants, the prominent issues of food contamination in China, which analyzes and summarizes the current status on toxic pathways research, and gives perspective future research in the field.
The prevalence and associated factors of diabetes and pre-diabetes in Gansu Province
XI Tian-shu, PAN Li, REN Xiao-lan, ZHANG Jia, ZHAO Hong-jun, WANG Xiao-yang, CHANG Li-jun, TUO Ya, XI Jin-en, LIU Bin, WANG Ye, REN Hui-ru, YU Cheng-dong, SHAN Guang-liang, JIANG Yu
2018, 22(10): 987-991. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.002
Abstract(612) PDF(68)
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Objective To investigate the prevalence and associated factors of diabetes and pre-diabetes in adults aged 20-80 in Gansu province. Methods A cross-sectional study was conducted in Gansu province in 2016. The study sites were selected by using a multi-stage stratified cluster sampling method. Face-to-face questionnaire interview and physical examinations were conducted in all participants. The standardized prevalence was calculated with the direct standardization method. Logistic regression models were used to analyze the associated factors. Results The prevalence of diabetes in Gansu province was 7.33% (male:10.59%, female:4.98%), and 18.75% for prediabetes (male:20.50%, female:17.50%). The age-and gender-standardized prevalence of diabetes was 5.77% (male:7.63%, female:3.86%), and 16.22% for prediabetes (male:18.49%, female:13.88%). The prevalence of diabetes was higher in urban than in rural participants. In urban residents, the prevalence of diabetes was higher in men than in women. Logistic regression analysis indicated that male, older age, overweight, hypertension, family history of diabetes, and dyslipidemia were risk factors for both diabetes and pre-diabetes. Living in rural areas and alcohol consumption were protective factors for diabetes. Conclusions The prevalence of diabetes and pre-diabetes was lower in Gansu province than in the general population. The prevalence of diabetes was higher in urban areas than in rural. The population who were male, older age, overweight, had hypertension, family history of diabetes and dyslipidemia were in high risk of diabetes and pre-diabetes, which need strengthened intervention.
A comparative study on the prevalence of cardiovascular diseases and its relationship with smoking between Jing Po ethnic and Han majority in rural Yunnan Province
WU Chao, WANG Xu-ming, LI Xiao, CUI Wen-long, WANG Gui-yi, HE Jian-hui, CAI Le
2018, 22(10): 992-995. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.003
Abstract(249) PDF(34)
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Objective To compare ethnic differences in prevalence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs), and to analyze the relationship between CVDs and smoking and nicotine dependence between Jing Po ethnic minority and Han majority in rural areas of Yunnan Province. Methods A total of 3 000 rural residents aged 35 years and over from Jing Po ethnic minority in a township in Mangshi county and Han majority in a township in Yiliang County were recruited using probability proportional to size (PPS) sampling method. Each participant received a face-to-face questionnaire interview and physical examination. Results The standardized prevalence rates of hypertension, coronary heart disease (CHD) and stroke were 36.85%,0.95% and 1.17% for Jing Po ethnic, and 30.32%,2.96% and 1.58% for Han majority, respectively. Jing Po ethnic minority had higher prevalence rate of hypertension than Han majority (χ2=13.641, P<0.001), and lower prevalence rate of CHD than Han majority (χ2=14.676, P<0.001). There was no significant difference in prevalence of stroke between these two groups (χ2=0.895, P=0.344). The prevalence rates of hypertension were higher in females than in males in both groups (all P<0.05), and male Han majority had higher prevalence rate of CHD than female Han nationality (χ2=4.181, P=0.041). Current smokers had higher risk of hypertension, CHD and stroke than non-smokers (all P<0.05). With high level of nicotine dependence, the risk of hypertension, CHD and stroke were higher in Han majority (all P<0.05). Conclusions There are significant differences in prevalence rate of hypertension and CHD between Jing Po ethnic minority and Han majority. Reducing prevalence rate of smoking and nicotine dependence is helpful to decrease the occurrence of hypertension, CHD and stroke.
Basic characteristics and regional distribution difference of people with disability caused by cerebrovascular diseases
CHENG Yun-fei, ZHAO Yi-hao, ZHENG Xiao-ying
2018, 22(10): 996-999,1003. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.004
Abstract(325) PDF(31)
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Objective To analyze the basic characteristics and regional distribution difference of people with disability caused by cerebrovascular diseases. Methods The Second National Sample Survey on Disability in China was used to select people with disabilities caused by cerebrovascular disease. Prevalence and basic characteristics were described, and regional distribution analysis by type and level of disability was conducted as well. Results Prevalence of people with disability caused by cerebrovascular diseases was 4.98‰ (12 583/2 526 145)and the prevalence was higher in Northern and Eastern part and lower in Southern and Western part. Basic characteristics of people with different type of disability were similar. Among people with disability caused by cerebrovascular diseases, Jing-Jin-Ji area (22.14%) and North-East area (21.44%)had the highest proportion for people with speech disabilities, and proportion in South-West area was low (10.56%). The proportion of severe disability in people with speech disability mainly aggregated at South-West area (71.04%) and it was lower in northern provinces. The proportion of severe disability in people with physical disability was higher in,Xinjiang (53.25%) and South-West area (53.78%) and lower in Qinghai-Tibet area (33.33%) and Jing-Ji area (34.58%). Conclusion The difference of basic characteristics and their regional distribution has revealed that different provinces should set different prevention and control targets. Different policy measures should be taken to allocate medical resources and provide rehabilitation service. South-West area (Chuan-Yu and Yun-Gui) should be specially focused and supported.
The status and trends in malignant tumor incidence rates from 2011 to 2014 in areas along the Yangtze River of Anhui Province
ZHANG Chi, JIANG Chun-xiao, ZHONG Qi, YANG Yu-wei, ZHOU Meng-meng, HU Ming-jun, ZHANG Qian, LIANG Ling, HUANG Fen
2018, 22(10): 1000-1003. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.005
Abstract(485) PDF(29)
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Objective To analyze the epidemic trends in malignant tumor incidence rates from 2011 to 2014 in Chizhou, Maanshan and Tongling areas of Anhui province. Methods Data from cancer registry system of Anhui and Medical reimbursement system were encoded according to ICD-10 classification. Crude rate, age standardized rate (ASR) and constituent rate were calculated by sex, age group and year. Results From 2011 to 2014, the annual crude incidence of malignant tumor was 243.88/100 000 per (male 299.85/100 000, female 185.94/100 000) and ASR was 170.81/100 000 (male 201.41/100 000, female 135.82/100 000). The incidence of cancer peaked among residents aged 80-years and declined sharply after 90 years old. The top three malignant tumor were gastric cancer, lung cancer and esophageal cancer. During the four years, cancer spectrum showed slight change with lower incidence of cerebral, nasopharyngeal cancer and higher incidence of bladder, thyroid cancer. Conclusions The incidence of malignant cancer in areas along the Yangtze River of Anhui Province presented upward trend. Digestive system cancers were still the major causes which threatened people's life and health. Targeted strategies should be taken to improve current situation.
Prognostic significance of high expression of mir-27a in patients with diffuse large B cell lymphoma
QUE Xi-mei, XI Yan-feng, WANG Tong
2018, 22(10): 1004-1007. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.006
Abstract(275) PDF(28)
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Objective To investigate the association of the level of mir-27a and the prognosis of diffuse large B cell lymphoma (DLBCL) and assess its prognostic value. Methods Micro-arrary expression profiles and clinical data of 116 patients with DLBCL were downloaded from gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. The overall survival (OS) of patients with high and low mir-27a expression levels were compared by Log-rank test.Univariate (international prognostic index, IPI or mir-27a) and multivariate (IPI+mir-27a) Cox proportional hazards models were constructed and time-dependent receiver operating characteristic curves (ROC) method was used to evaluate the predictive power of the model over time. The overall prediction accuracy of each model was evaluated and compared with the consistency statistic C. Results The high expression level of mir-27a was a protective factor for the prognosis of patients with DLBCL (HR=0.24, 95% CI:0.070-0.855, P=0.028). The C statistics of the univariate and multivariate models were significantly difference (IPI vs. IPI+mir-27a:Z=10.719, P<0.001; mir-27a vs. IPI+mir-27a:Z=11.189,P<0.001). Conclusions The high expression level of mir-27a is a protective factor for the prognosis of DLBCL patients. The predictive accuracy of DLBCL patients may be elevated through integrating mir-27a with IPI.
Analysis on the epidemic characteristics of injuries of floating population from 2006 to 2017 in Dalian
ZHOU Yi-heng, MEI Dan, GUAN Lei, CHEN Yang
2018, 22(10): 1008-1011,1090. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.007
Abstract(340) PDF(40)
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Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of injury among floating population in Dalian. Methods Data of injured patients collected from 6 injury surveillance hospitals in 2006-2017 were retrospectively analyzed. Results There were 38 808 injured patients to be enrolled, including 27 445 cases of male, female 11 363 cases, the ratio of male to female was 2.42:1; The 69.98% of injury occurred among the people who were 21-50 years old; The major professions were professional technicians (23.98%) and commercial service personnel (22.54%); The leading three causes of injury were blunt injury (28.21%), fall (23.93%) and sharp injury (20.61%); The injury occurred mainly in industrial/building sites (23.58%), followed by road/street (18.23%); The injury was more likely to occur when having leisure activities (36.77%) and working (30.18%); The 79.69% of injury occurred unintentionally; The most common injured position was the upper limb; The severity of injuries were 75.12%, moderate injuries were 23.41%, and severe injuries were 1.47%. Conclusion Injury have constituted a threat to the health of the floating population in Dalian, it is essential to formulate targeted classified strategies to reduce the occurrence of injury.
Study on epidemic characteristics and risk factors of road traffic injury on shared bicycles
YANG Jia-lu, ZHONG Yi-qi, MEI Hai-qing, ZHENG Chen, LI Zhen-wei, FU Chuan-xi
2018, 22(10): 1012-1015. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.008
Abstract(367) PDF(33)
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Objective To explore the epidemic characteristics and risk factors of road traffic injury on shared bicycles (internet rental bicycles) and to provide the data for corresponding injury prevention and control measures. Methods By using web invitation, street interception and primary school selection, 2 883 shared bicycle riders in 10 cities including Beijing, Shanghai, Guangzhou, Shenzhen and Hangzhou were investigated about road traffic injury, riding experience, safety awareness and riding behaviors. Two hundred and five shared bike riders in Hangzhou were selected for velocity measurement and risk assessment. Results During the past year, 202 of all respondents reported their 292 any bike-related road traffic accidents, of which 44 were confirmed as injuries, with the incidence of 1.53% (44/2883). Of 44 injury sites, most were lower limbs (30,68.18%). Certain cycling experience or habits such as times of riding during the last week (OR:1.94, 95% CI:1.38-2.73, P=0.006), nervousness (OR:1.82, 95% CI:1.32-2.52, P=0.004), brake failure (OR:1.96, 95%CI:1.39-2.75, P<0.001) and wheel slips (OR:1.94, 95% CI:1.38-2.73, P<0.001) were associated with higher risk of injury. Among the respondents, 35.10% had uncomfortable riding experience, 15.68% had poor safety awareness and 83.80% had dangerous behaviors. The speed of shared bicycles were 12.2±2.6 km/h, and 34.15% of users (70/205) had dangerous behaviors in the field observation. Conclusion The road traffic injury of shared bikes is a public health issue that should be paid attention to and appropriate technologies such as preventing injury and reducing its severity should be performed in future.
Clinical study of levels on serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D in patients with hepatitis B-related liver fibrosis
ZHANG Li-juan, TONG Qiao-xia
2018, 22(10): 1016-1019,1045. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.009
Abstract(284) PDF(40)
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Objective To explore the relationship between 25-hydroxy vitamin D3 levels and progression of liver fibrosis in patients with chronic hepatitis B; to explore the effect of hydroxylase CYP24A1 metabolism on 25 (OH)D3 levels. Methods A total of 121 outpatients with chronic hepatitis B related hepatic fibrosis were divided into five groups depending on liver elasticity measurement (LSM),and their clinical data were collected.The 25 (OH)D3 and CYP24A1 serum levels were measured by ELISA. Results There were significant differences in the levels of 25 (OH)D3 and CYP24A1 among different liver fibrosis groups (all P<0.05). The 25 (OH)D3 levels decreased gradually with the degree of liver fibrosis aggravating. The CYP24A1 levels in chronic hepatitis B patients were negatively correlated with 25 (OH)D3 (r=-0.267) (P=0.003). Low 25 (OH)D3 (OR=0.906,95% CI:0.850-0.965,P=0.002)levels,older age (OR=1.073,95% CI:1.015-1.134,P=0.013),and prolonged PT (OR=3.705,95% CI:1.594-8.611,P=0.002) were independently associated with severe fibrosis by multivariate Logistic analysis. Conclusions The degree of decrease in 25 (OH)D3 levels in CHB patients is associated with the progression of liver fibrosis, and it could be a risk factor for predicting severe liver fibrosis; which may be related to up-regulation of CYP24A1 concentration.
Association of C-C chemokine receptor type 5 Gene Polymorphisms with the Effectiveness of Interferon Therapy among Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C
FAN Hao-zhi, YUE Ming, SHAO Jian-guo, XUE Hong, TIAN Ting, WU Jing-jing, YAO Min, HUANG Peng, YU Rong-bin, ZHANG Yun
2018, 22(10): 1020-1023,1027. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.010
Abstract(408) PDF(25)
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Objective To explore the association between C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) gene polymorphisms and the effectiveness of interferon (IFN) therapy in chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, so as to provide a basis for guiding CHC treatment and prognosis evaluation. Methods A total of 348 CHC were included in this study. All patients received standard 48-week IFN therapy and were followed up for 24 weeks. Two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) rs10800874 and rs746492 in CCR5 gene were genotyped by Taqman-MGB methods, and the relationship between the SNPs and the treatment effectiveness was analyzed. Results Logistic regression analysis showed that CHC patients carrying the rs10800874 TG (adjusted OR=1.87, 95% CI=1.08-3.25, P=0.026) and GG (adjusted OR=1.96, 95% CI 1.01-3.82, P=0.048) genotypes were more likely to have a sustained virological response (SVR), compared with CHC patients carrying TT genotype. The results of further stratified analysis demonstrated that the association between carrying the rs10800874-G allele and SVR in females, high glucose levels and low alpha-fetoprotein levels remained significant (all P<0.05). Conclusions The CCR5 rs10800874-G allele is a protective factor for SVR among CHC patients receiving standard IFN therapy.
Polymorphisms of Phospholipase C Gene of Beijing Mycobacterium Tuberculosis in Qinghai Province
ZHANG Yuan-yuan, WANG Zhao-fen, LI Bin, JIANG Ming-xia, MA Bin-zhong, SHEN Xiu-li, CHEN Hong-ru, LI Hui-ru, WANG Hai-jing, WANG Bi-li-ge
2018, 22(10): 1024-1027. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.011
Abstract(316) PDF(24)
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Objective To study the polymorphism of the phospholipase C gene in Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolated in Qinghai and to explore its relationship with strains of Beijing family. Methods A total of 250 strains of clinical isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis from 2012-2016 in Qinghai were collected, multiple-locus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) was performed for identification of Beijing and non-Beijing families, and the phospholipase C gene was analyzed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Results Of the 250 isolates of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, 184 strains were Beijing family accounting for 73.60%. 66 strains were non-Beijing strains accounting for 26.40%. The results showed that plc genes of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in this region were polymorphic. plcA,plcB and plcC genes were mutational in the strains with 13.20%, 15.20% and 16.40% respectively. Their mutation rates were low, while plcD gene mutation rate was as high as 97.20%. plcA,plcB and plcC mutation rates were found statistically significant between Beijing and non-Beijing strains (all P<0.05), but no difference in plcD gene (χ2=0.322, P=0.571). Conclusions The mutations of the plc gene may attenuate the virulence of Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates, and Beijing family strains have few mutations in this gene, so that may cause the widespread of Beijing strains in Qinghai.
Epidemiological and etiological analysis of HFMD in border area of Chongzuo city from 2008 to 2017
WEI Guang-wu, BAO Li-juan
2018, 22(10): 1028-1031. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.012
Abstract(229) PDF(28)
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Objective To understand the epidemic situation of hand-foot-mouth disease in the border area of Chongzuo city so as to provide scientific basis for the future prevention and control of hand-foot-mouth disease (HFMD). Methods The incidence information of HFMD reported in Chongzuo city from 2008 to 2017 were collected in China disease prevention and control information system and emergency public health incident report and management information system. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used for statistical analysis. Results From 2008 to 2017, the total number of cases of HFMD in Chongzuo city was 82 682, with an average annual incidence of 397.15/100 000, 498 severe cases, a severe ratio of 0.60%, 19 deaths and a mortality rate of 0.02%. The number of reported cases was mainly from April to July, and the incidence showed a trend of increasing intensity of epidemic every other year. HFMD was characterized by a high incidence among children under 3 years of age, scattered children and rural children. In terms of the etiological characteristics, the dominant pathogens changed annually. The dominant pathogen in severe and fatal cases was the EV71 virus, with only 13.35 per cent of vaccine coverage. Conclusions Summer is a typical peak of incidence of HFMD in the border area of Chongzuo city. Scattered children and children in child care are high risk group. Therefore, we should vigorously promote the vaccination of HFMD EV71 vaccine, intensify efforts to publicize education and strengthen the monitoring, effective handling and control of the epidemic.
Evolution analysis of neuraminidase genes of A(H1N1)pdm09 virus in Yantai from 2009 to 2017
LIU Juan, GAO Qiao, XU Ying-chun, SUN Zhen-lu, DONG Zhao-jing, XU Xiao-wen, GONG Lian-feng
2018, 22(10): 1032-1036. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.013
Abstract(182) PDF(40)
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Objective To better elucidate the prevalence and analyze evolution characteristics of neuraminidase (NA) gene of influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus circulating in Yantai from August 2009 to August 2017. Methods A total of 10 236 swabs were collected among patients with an influenza-like illness (ILI) admitted to 2 sentinel surveillance hospitals of Yantai from August 2009 to August 2017. All specimen were cultured in Madin-Darby canine kidney (MDCK) cells and identified by hemagglutination inhibition assay. Complete sequences of NA of 43 influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 strains circulating in Yantai were amplified, sequenced and analyzed using molecular and phylogenetic methods. Results The phylogenetic analysis showed that most strains grouped into genetic clades 2,7, 6C, 6B.1 and 6B.2. Compared to the vaccine strain, the amino acid substitution N44S occurred in clades 6 and 7 strains, resulting in an increase in the number of glycosylation sites. The N386K substitution appeared in subclades 6B.1 and 6B.2 strains, contributing to a loss of glycosylation site. Two positive pressure sites (34 and 386)were observed in NA proteins by FEL and IFEL model.The catalytic sites of the NA protein were conserved among all the influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 strains isolated in Yantai area. Conclusions All the influenza A (H1N1)pdm09 virus circulated in Yantai from August 2009 to August 2017 presented continual genetic variation and were still susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors. Continuous epidemiological and virological surveillance are necessary.
Epidemiologic characteristics of human avian influenza in Hunan Province from 2005 to 2017
ZHANG Si-yu, HUANG Yi-wei, HU Shi-xiong, ZHANG Heng-jiao, SUN Qian-lai, DENG Zhi-hong, ZENG Ge, ZHANG Hong, ZHAN Zhi-fei, GAO Li-dong
2018, 22(10): 1037-1040. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.014
Abstract(265) PDF(27)
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Analyze the epidemiologic characteristics of human avian influenza in Hunan Province from 2005 to 2017 in order to provide scientific evidences for making and modifying control strategies. Methods Describe the epidemic situation of human avian influenza in Hunan and the cases distribution and exposure history, including the family-clustered cases. Results Six H5N1 cases, four H5N6 cases, ninty-nine H7N9 cases and six H9N2 cases have been confirmed in Hunan. Most of the human avian influenza cases occurred between November and the following April. H5N1 cases were distributed in five cities, H5N6 cases were distributed in four cities, H9N2 cases were distributed in three cities, and H7N9 cases were distributed in thirteen cities. All of the four subtype human avian influenza has been found in male and female. The average age of H5N1, H5N6 and H9N2 cases was younger than H7N9. Fifty-one percents of the human avian influenza were farmers. 95.5% of the cases have been exposed to poultry or environments polluted by poultry. Suspected family-clustered H5N1 cases and H5N6 cases have occurred and family-clustered H7N9 cases have been confirmed in Hunan. Conclusions Poultry and environments polluted by poultry were the main infectious sources of human avian influenza, thus environmental surveillance was beneficial to disease forecast and precaution. Since the transmission of avian influenza virus among human were limited and non-sustainable, surveillance on virus gene's change and medical observation on close contacts were significant for preventing occurrence of the secondary cases.
Distribution and risk factors of soil-transmitted nematode diseases in Anhui Province
JIN Wei, GUO Jian-duo, ZHANG Shi-qing, LIU Dao-hua, ZHU Lei, WANG Min, WANG Tian-ping
2018, 22(10): 1041-1045. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.015
Abstract(270) PDF(29)
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Objective To understand the distribution and risk factors of soil-transmitted nematode diseases in Anhui province. Methods A total of 48 pilotsin Anhui province were selected by stratified cluster random sampling. The number of people investigated in every pilot must be more than 250. Modified Kato-Katz thick smear was applied to examine eggs of trichuristrichiura and hookworms. Presence of the eggs of enterobiusvermicularis among children below 12 years old were examined by adhesive-tape technique. Behavior factors were investigated by questionnaire. Chi-square test and conditioned Logistic regression analysis were used to explore the risk factors of soil-transmitted nematode diseases. Results The total infection rate of soil-transmitted nematode diseases was 2.41%, among which the most common one was Hookworm infection. Sex, age, occupation, living area, average income and fertilizing fresh excreta on farmland were associated with soil-transmitted nematode diseases. Conclusions The infection rate of soil-transmitted nematode diseases decreased greatly in Anhui province.Old people, farmers, housewives and low-income people were in high risk. Night soil hazard-free treatment is an effective strategy to decrease the infection rate.
A time-series study on the influence of diurnal temperature range on schizophrenia in Tongling City 2014-2016
LUO Xue-lian, DUAN Jun, CHU Wen-ge, CHEN Hua, SU Hong
2018, 22(10): 1046-1050. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.016
Abstract(355) PDF(36)
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Objective To explore the relationship between diurnal temperature range (DTR) and daily admission number of schizophrenia. Methods The data of daily admission of schizophrenia and meteorological and pollutant data in the same period of 2014-2016 in Tongling City were collected. The poisson generalized linear regression and the distributed lag nonlinear model (DLNM) were used in combination to control the relative humidity, pollutants, seasonal and long-term trends and other factors, analysis of DTR on schizophrenia daily admission. Results When the DTR reached 10.2℃ (P75), the number of admissions to schizophrenia increased (RR=1.058, 95% CI:1.030-1.088,P=0.026), and the risk increased continuously with the increase of DTR the day of exposure appears and would last until the 15th day. Results of gender, age and occupational stratification showed that males and those aged 20-39 were more susceptible to DTR. At larger DTR, farmers were at higher risk of admission than other occupational groups. Conclusions A large DTR can increase the admission of schizophrenia, and there is a lag of 0-15 days. Therefore, it is of great significance to take appropriate interventions to control the risk brought by the temperature drop when the DTR is large.
Antenatal and postnatal depression in Chengdu, China: a longitudinal study
ZHAO Zhi-mei, ZHAO Fei, YANG Xue, WEN Ying, XU Ming-jue, QI Xiao-rong, YANG Chun-xia, PAN Xiong-fei
2018, 22(10): 1051-1054. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.017
Abstract(391) PDF(52)
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Objective To examine the prevalence of antenatal depression during the third trimester and postnatal depression and their correlation among pregnant women in Chengdu. Methods Women during the third trimester of pregnancy (28-42 weeks of pregnancy) were screened for symptoms of depression using the Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale (EPDS) at antenatal clinics of the West China Second Hospital between October 2013 and February 2014. Postnatal depression was assessed at 8 weeks and 18 weeks postpartum using EPDS by phone. Antenatal and postnatal depressive symptoms were defined as having an EPDS score generalized estimating equation (GEE) was used to analyze the prevalence of depression and EPDS scores at three time points, and univariable logistic regression was used to explore associations between antennal and postnatal depression. Results A total of 2 057 pregnant women participated in the study, of whom 1 665 completed the survey at 8 weeks postpartum and 1 440 women completed the survey at 18 weeks postpartum. The prevalence of depression was 13.8%, 2.2%, and 1.7% during the third trimester, at 8 weeks and 18 weeks postpartum, respectively, with statistically significant differences in the prevalence at three different time points (χ2=181.448,P<0.001). Antenatal depression was associated with postnatal depression (OR=3.88,95% CI:2.17-6.94,P<0.001). The mean score was 8.35±3.93 during the third trimester, 3.05±3.28 at 8 weeks postpartum, and 2.21±3.03 at 18 weeks postpartum. Positive correlation was noted between scores during the third trimester and at 8 weeks postpartum (r=0.358) and between those during the third trimester and at 18 weeks postpartum (r=0.128). Conclusion Symptoms of depression are more common during late pregnancy than after childbirth, and are correlated with each other at the two phases. Attention should be directed to antenatal depression during the late pregnancy.
Study on the association between serum anti-streptolysin O titers and conditions of ankylosing spondylitis or effects of different drug treatments
LIU Qin, TAO Jin-hui, MA Yan, WANG Ya-ling, LI Lin, LU Qun-qun, ZHANG Min, WANG Xue
2018, 22(10): 1055-1058,1062. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.018
Abstract(616) PDF(27)
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Objective To investigate the relationship between serum anti-streptolysin O (ASO) titers and ankylosing spondylitis (AS) disease activity and to analyze the effect of different drug treatments on ASO titers. Methods A retrospective cohort study was conducted to collect serum ASO, ESR, C-reactive protein (CRP), white blood cells (WBC), platelets (PLT), immunoglobulin (Ig) and therapeutic data before and after treatment in AS patients. The relationship between serum ASO titer and ESR, CRP, WBC, PLT and Ig in different stages of AS was analyzed to assess the influence of disease activity and different therapeutic drugs on serum ASO titer.Results Of the 1946 patients enrolled in AS, serum ASO was detected in 926 patients, and 244 patients were found to have elevated ASO titer, with a positive rate of 26.35%. Of these, 43 patients regularly reviewed ASO and related indicators more than twice after treatment. Serum ASO titers were positively correlated with ESR and CRP before treatment (all P<0.05); Serum ASO titer decreased significantly after treatment and the difference was statistically significant (χ2=51.907, P<0.001); The ASO titer was significantly decreased in those who did not use long-acting penicillium and use long-acting penicillus, the differences between the three groups were statistically significant before and after treatment (χ2=11.711, P=0.003; χ2=7.042, P=0.030), and the long-acting penicillin had a more pronounced decrease in the ASO titer than the non-user, the difference between the two groups was statistically significant (F=3.404, P=0.049). Conclusion The serum ASO titer was related to the disease activity before AS treatment, the ASO titer was significantly reduced after treatment, and the ASO titer may reduce more significant with the anti-infective treatment.
Analysis of hospitalization fee and its influencing factors of colorectal cancer patients in Pudong based on the colorectal cancer screening program
LI Xiao-pan, QIAN Meng-cen, ZHAO Gen-ming, ZHOU Yi, YANG Chen, YAN Bei, CHEN Yi-chen, SUN Qiao
2018, 22(10): 1059-1062. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.019
Abstract(291) PDF(25)
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Objective To analyze the impact of screening programs on the cost of hospitalization for colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, so as to provide references to formulate relevant public health policies. Methods Data of hospitalization fee of CRC patients diagnosed from January 1,2013 to December 31, 2016 were enrolled. The median of total and parts of hospitalization costs in different groups were analyzed by Mann-Whitney U method, and the influencing factors were analyzed by multiple linear regression model. Results In the total of 2 930 CRC patients, there were significant difference in the total hospitalization costs (Z=-2.491, P=0.013), service costs (Z=-6.310, P<0.001), diagnostic costs (Z=-3.920, P<0.001), treatment costs (Z=-2.045, P=0.041), rehabilitation costs (Z=-2.173, P=0.030), Chinese medicine costs (Z=-4.831, P<0.001), and material costs (Z=-2.074, P=0.038). The multiple linear regression model showed that the way of payment, the days of hospitalization, the status of screening, and the level of the hospital were related to the total hospitalization costs in the first year after the diagnosis of patients. Less hospitalization days (t=35.52, P<0.001), with screening (t=-3.053, P=0.002), at one's own expense (t=2.85, P=0.004), diagnosis and treatment in a high grade hospital (t=-5.98, P<0.001) were related to reducing the cost of hospitalization. Conclusions Screening program is one of the effective ways to reduce the cost of hospitalization for colorectal cancer patients.
Application of zero-inflated negative binomial regression model in study of the impacting factors about multimorbidity
ZHU Gao-pei, ZHU Le-le, MENG Ma-cheng, WU Xue-sen
2018, 22(10): 1063-1066. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.020
Abstract(743) PDF(74)
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Objective To study the application of zero-inflated negative binomial regression model in the residents' multimorbidity and its impacting factors. Methods Poisson distribution, negative binomial distribution and zero-inflated model were used to fit the number of multimorbidity and the aggregation was analyzed, then the main factors were screened out in multimorbidity. Results The number of multimorbidity did not accord with Poisson distribution (χ2=196.419, P<0.001) and meet the negative binomial distribution (χ2=6.677, P=0.154); the aggregation index K=1.779, over-dispersion test O=15.18> 1.96, so the data was clustered. Zero expansion test Vuong=6.58, P<0.001, zero-inflate model was better than Poisson or negative binomial model.The negative binomial part of the results suggest thatthe number of multimorbidity will increase, when the residents had risk factors including the older, high intensity exercise, the higher the degree of anxiety, the higher the body mass index, the higher the hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) level, a family history of diabetes, high blood pressure history, high systolic blood pressure and high levels of cholesterol; In the Logit part of the results:residents had a higher risk of developing chronic diseases, who had risk factors which included the older, the higher the degree of anxiety, the higher the body mass index, the higher the level of triglycerides, the higher the fasting blood glucose (FPG), the family history of hypertension and high systolic blood pressure. Conclusion Multimorbidity is characterized by aggregation and zero-inflated count. Zero-inflated negative binomial regression model has obvious advantages in fitting the data with such characteristics.
Research progress in the interaction between enterovirus 71 infection and host antiviral innate immunity
GAO Yun-yun, MENG Jun, CHENG Jin-quan
2018, 22(10): 1067-1072. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.021
Abstract(374) PDF(49)
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Enterovirus 71 (EV71) is one of the main pathogens causing hand foot and mouth disease (HFMD), which is associated with severe complications, leading to high morbidity and mortality. It is a major public health problem that is harmful to the health of infants and young children. During EV71 infection, the host antiviral innate immune response was activated to clear and against EV71, while EV71 can escape the elimination of innate immunity through a series of mechanisms. There is a combat relationship between EV71 and innate immunity, and the results are closely related to the course and outcome of EV71 infection in HFMD patients. This review focuses on the research progress of the interaction between EV71 infection and innate immune response in recent years and try to provide clues and reference for further EV71 research, vaccine and drug development.
Epidemiological characteristics and the strategy of vaccination on hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome in Shaanxi Province,from 2006 to 2017
ZHENG Yuan, ZHOU Bu-yu, ZHU Ni, WANG Shu, WANG Jing-Jun, WEI Jing, GUAN Lu-yuan, XU Yi, YU Peng-bo
2018, 22(10): 1073-1075. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.022
Abstract(260) PDF(46)
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The epidemiology and etiology characteristics of hand-foot-mouth disease in Longgang District of Shenzhen from 2016 to 2017
ZHOU Jian-ming, DENG Yi-zhou, LI Jing-mei, JIN Yu-juan, LIU Feng-ren, LIU Feng, HONG Ze-tao, MAO Chen
2018, 22(10): 1076-1078. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.023
Abstract(351) PDF(38)
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Genetic characteristics of influenza A (H3N2) virus in children of Wuhan
WANG Ying, ZHU Hong-hao, PENG Ming-wei, KONG De-guang, WANG Peng, DENG Ying, XIONG Yan
2018, 22(10): 1079-1081. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.024
Abstract(322) PDF(49)
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Data analysis of bioaerosol surveillance of avian influenza viruses in poultry markets, Zhongshan
WANG Man, LI Ying-lai, LUO Le, MAO Yun-xia, WU Yan-heng, LI Lei
2018, 22(10): 1082-1084. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.025
Abstract(172) PDF(27)
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Investigation and disposal report of the first imported case of dengue fever serotype Ⅲ in Anhui Province
HU Lin-feng, WU Xia, XU Jia, SHI Quan, ZHENG Hua-ning, SHEN Dong-rong, YE Xiang-guang
2018, 22(10): 1085-1087. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.026
Abstract(225) PDF(30)
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Whole genome sequencing in a family with metatarsal shortness
DENG Yang, GONG Hong-qiang, LI Bao-hua, HOU Hai-feng, JIAO Feng-ping, LI Qun-wei
2018, 22(10): 1088-1090. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.10.027
Abstract(256) PDF(19)
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2018, 22(10): 1091-1091.
Abstract(158) PDF(7)
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