Study on the epidemiological characteristics of the natural focus and vector borne infectious disease and the strategy on prevention and control in Guiyang,1994-2013

Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of the natural focus and vector borne infectious disease in Guiyang city and provide the evidence for prevention and control of these diseases. Methods Descriptive epidemiological analysis and dynamic series were conducted to analyze the epidemiological characteristics and the variation tendency based on the incidence data of natural focus and vector borne infectious disease reported in Guiyang from 1994 to 2014. Results A total of 4 317 cases and 11 diseases were reported during 1994-2013 in Guiyang. The average incidence was 0.39-33.84/10⁵ which showed a decline trend; a total of 323 deaths were reported and the mortality was 0.00-1.23/10⁵ ; the incidence was higher in the suburban district than in the downtown for the diseases of epidemic hemorrhagic fever, epidemic encephalitis B, anthrax, eptospirosis and epidemic and endemic typhus(χ²＝4 548.679,P<0.001).They were peak seasons in June to August and October to next January per year; The main incidence was distributed among farmer, students and scattered children, constituent ratio in student and farmer worker was increased and that in farmer was significantly decreased in the recent ten years. Conclusions The overall incidence of natural focus and vector borne infectious diseases in Guiyang is in decline,and the diseases have obvious district distribution, seasonality and population distribution. It is necessary to conduct targeted prevention and control of these diseases.