Epidemic situation analysis of human brucellosis in Fujian Province, 2011-2015

Objective To explore epidemic features of human brucellosis in Fujian Province from 2011 to 2015 and to provide scientific basis for the development of strategies for the prevention and control of human brucellosis. Methods The data of human brucellosis that reported by health institutions through national disease surveillance in Fujian Province, 2011-2015, were analyzed descriptively. Results The number of brucellosis cases reported increased from 15 in 2011 to 115 in 2015, and total 249 cases were reported in these five years with an incidence rate of 0.13/100 000, which also increased rapidly year by year(Z=10.45, P<0.001). Incidence rate in Zhangzhou (0.42/100 000) and Nanping (0.18/100 000) were higher than that in other regions. The number of districts in which brucellosis were reported from 10 in 2011 to 37 in 2015 (Z=25.86, P<0.001). Incidence rate of rural and country were 0.29/100 000 and 0.03/100 000, respectively, and increased significantly in these years. The incidence of brucellosis peaked from May to August. The incidence in males (0.19/100 000) was significantly higher than that in females (0.07/100 000)(χ²=57.27, P<0.001). The highest incidence was in 60 age group with 0.40/100 000. Farmers and herdsmen were high-risk population, accounting for 65.46% of total cases. 30.52% cases were diagnosed in less than 7 days and no significant decrease trend was observed in these years (Z=2.19,P=0.701). During 2011-2015, 14 brucellosis outbreaks were reported in Fujian Province, of which 23 people were infected without reported death. Conclusions Epidemic situation of brucellosis remained a serious public health issue in Fujian Province due to the lack of timely and accurate diagnosis. Therefore, the relevant departments should take effective measures to prevent and control this disease.