Association between serum vitamins and biological aging in middle-aged and elderly people

ZHANG Qian; MA Shuang; YIN Jinzhu; WANG Tong; GAO Qian

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.06.016

Volume 29 Issue 6

Jun. 2025

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ZHANG Qian, MA Shuang, YIN Jinzhu, WANG Tong, GAO Qian. Association between serum vitamins and biological aging in middle-aged and elderly people[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2025, 29(6): 731-738. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.06.016

Citation:

ZHANG Qian, MA Shuang, YIN Jinzhu, WANG Tong, GAO Qian. Association between serum vitamins and biological aging in middle-aged and elderly people[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2025, 29(6): 731-738. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.06.016

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Association between serum vitamins and biological aging in middle-aged and elderly people

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.06.016

1.
Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Ministry of Education, Taiyuan 030001, China
2.
School of Medical Sciences, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China
3.
Department of Central Laboratory, Sinopharm Tongmei General Hospital, Shanxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disease Prevention and Treatment, Datong 037003, China

Funds:

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82204163

National Natural Science Foundation of China 82373692

Fundamental Research Program of Shanxi Province 202203021212382

Open Project of Shanxi Health Commission Key Laboratory of Nervous System Disease Prevention and Treatment TMSYSKF2023004

More Information

Corresponding author: GAO Qian, E-mail: gaoqian@sxmu.edu.cn
Received Date: 2025-01-06
Rev Recd Date: 2025-04-10

Available Online: 2025-07-07

Publish Date: 2025-06-10

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To investigate the association between serum levels of vitamins and the rate of biological aging in middle-aged and older adults. Methods Based on the 2017-2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) data, a total of 2 172 study participants aged 45 years and above were enrolled. Demographic information, lifestyle habits and underlying disease history were collected. Multiple linear regression was used to assess the association between serum vitamins C (VC), vitamins D₃ (VD₃), vitamins A (VA) and vitamins E (VE) and the rate of biological aging in middle-aged and older adults. Quantile g-computation (QGCOMP) and weighted quantile sum (WQS) regression methods were applied to analyse the effects of different serum vitamins on the rate of biological ageing and their joint effects. Results The average age of the study population was (62.69 ± 10.29) years, and serum vitamin levels between male and female showed significant differences: VD₃ (Z=-2.376, P=0.017), VC (Z=-7.230, P < 0.001), VA (Z=6.418, P < 0.001), and VE (Z=-7.324, P < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analyses showed that VC was negatively associated with the rate of biological aging (β=-0.032, 95% CI: -0.041-0.023, P < 0.001). WQS and QGCOMP analyses showed a joint effect of serum vitamins slowing down the rate of ageing (β=-0.459, 95% CI: -0.585-0.333, P < 0.001; β=-0.381, 95% CI: -0.538-0.223, P < 0.001), with VC playing the major role (weights: 0.936, 0.885). Conclusions Serum vitamins are protective factors in biological aging. VC plays the most significant role in the combined effect of slowing the rate of aging.
- Vitamins,
- Biological ageing,
- Combined effects

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References(24)

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