Association sleep duration and different levels of frailty in Chinese older adults

YE Ziyi; DU Yushan; ZHU Xiaohan; HE Xing; GUO Chao

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.08.006

Volume 29 Issue 8

Aug. 2025

Turn off MathJax

Article Contents

Article Navigation > CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION > 2025 > 29(8): 900-905

YE Ziyi, DU Yushan, ZHU Xiaohan, HE Xing, GUO Chao. Association sleep duration and different levels of frailty in Chinese older adults[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2025, 29(8): 900-905. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.08.006

Citation:

YE Ziyi, DU Yushan, ZHU Xiaohan, HE Xing, GUO Chao. Association sleep duration and different levels of frailty in Chinese older adults[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2025, 29(8): 900-905. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.08.006

Citation:

PDF( 951 KB)

Association sleep duration and different levels of frailty in Chinese older adults

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2025.08.006

Institute of Population Research, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China

Funds: Top Young Talent Project of the National Special Support Program

Received Date: 2025-03-18
Rev Recd Date: 2025-05-22
Publish Date: 2025-08-10

Abstract

Abstract

Objective To investigate the association between sleep duration and different levels of frailty among older adults. Methods A case control study design was employed, utilizing data from the 2018 China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study (CHARLS). Multinomial logistic regression models were applied to examine the association between sleep duration and frailty progression among Chinese older adults. Results Among the 8 555 older adults included in the analysis, the prevalence rates of pre-frailty and frailty were 34.21% and 27.64%, respectively. After adjusting control variables, the results of the multinomial logistic regression analysis showed that a nighttime sleep duration of > 4- < 5 hours was significantly associated with both pre-frailty and frailty (all P < 0.05). A nighttime sleep duration of more than 9 hours was significantly associated with frailty (OR=1.80, 95% CI: 1.39-2.34), but showed no statistically significant association with pre-frailty. In addition, compared with a nap duration of 1- < 1.5 hours, a nap duration of more than 2.5 hours was significantly associated with pre-frailty (OR=1.63, 95% CI: 1.16-2.29). Compared with a total sleep duration of 7- < 8 hours, a total sleep duration of > 5- < 6 hours was significantly associated with both pre-frailty and frailty (all P < 0.05), and a total sleep duration of ≥10 hours was associated with frailty (OR=1.64, 95% CI: 1.28-2.10). Conclusions Both too long and too short sleep duration are associated with different levels of frailty in the elderly. Promoting scientifically appropriate nighttime and nap durations among older adults may help prevent the onset of pre-frailty and frailty.
- Nighttime sleep,
- Sleep at noon,
- Pre-frailty,
- Frailty,
- Old adults

FullText(HTML)

References(17)

References

[1]	Hoogendijk EO, Afilalo J, Ensrud KE, et al. Frailty: implications for clinical practice and public health[J]. Lancet, 2019, 394(10206): 1365-1375. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31786-6.
[2]	田鹏, 杨宁, 郝秋奎, 等. 中国老年衰弱患病率的系统评价[J]. 中国循证医学杂志, 2019, 19(6): 656-664. DOI: 10.7507/1672-2531.201901056. Tian P, Yang N, Hao QK, et al. Epidemiological characteristics of frailty in Chinese elderly population: a systematic review[J]. Chin J Evid Based Med, 2019, 19(6): 656-664. DOI: 10.7507/1672-2531.201901056.
[3]	Brummel NE, Bell SP, Girard TD, et al. Frailty and subsequent disability and mortality among patients with critical illness[J]. Am J Respir Crit Care Med, 2017, 196(1): 64-72. DOI: 10.1164/rccm.201605-0939OC.
[4]	Dent E, Dalla Via J, Bozanich T, et al. Frailty increases the long-term risk for fall and fracture-related hospitalizations and all-cause mortality in community-dwelling older women[J]. J Bone Miner Res, 2024, 39(3): 222-230, DOI: 10.1093/jbmr/zjad019.
[5]	Hewitt J, Carter B, McCarthy K, et al. Frailty predicts mortality in all emergency surgical admissions regardless of age. An observational study[J]. Age Ageing, 2019, 48(3): 388-394. DOI: 10.1093/ageing/afy217.
[6]	Cheung DSK, Kwan RYC, Wong ASW, et al. Factors associated with improving or worsening the state of frailty: a secondary data analysis of a 5-year longitudinal study[J]. J Nurs Scholarsh, 2020, 52(5): 515-526, DOI: 10.1111/jnu.12588.
[7]	de Souza ÂMN, Fernandes DPS, Castro IS, et al. Sleep quality and duration and frailty in older adults: a systematic review[J]. Front Public Health, 2025, 13: 1539849. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2025.1539849.
[8]	Sun XH, Ma T, Yao S, et al. Associations of sleep quality and sleep duration with frailty and pre-frailty in an elderly population Rugao longevity and ageing study[J]. BMC Geriatr, 2020, 20(1): 9. DOI: 10.1186/s12877-019-1407-5.
[9]	Wang XQ, Sun Q, Du XX, et al. Association between activity of daily living and depressive symptoms among older adults in China: evidence from the CHARLS[J]. J Public Health, 2024, 32(7): 1141-1151, DOI: 10.1007/s10389-023-01892-7.
[10]	Luo JH, Deng HL, Wu YY, et al. The weight-adjusted waist index and frailty: a cohort study from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study[J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2024, 28(9): 100322. DOI: 10.1016/j.jnha.2024.100322.
[11]	Clegg A, Young J, Iliffe S, et al. Frailty in elderly people[J]. Lancet, 2013, 381(9868): 752-762. DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(12)62167-9.
[12]	Zeng XZ, Meng LB, Li YY, et al. Prevalence and factors associated with frailty and pre-frailty in the older adults in China: a national cross-sectional study[J]. Front Public Health, 2023, 11: 1110648. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1110648.
[13]	Nakakubo S, Makizako H, DoiT, et al. Long and short sleep duration and physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults[J]. J Nutr Health Aging, 2018, 22(9): 1066-1071. DOI: 10.1007/s12603-018-1116-3.
[14]	You YW, Ablitip A, Chen YQ, et al. Saturation effects of the relationship between physical exercise and systemic immune inflammation index in the short-sleep population: a cross-sectional study[J]. BMC Public Health, 2024, 24(1): 1920. DOI: 10.1186/s12889-024-19432-7.
[15]	Zhou T, Dai X, Yuan Y, et al. Adherence to a healthy sleep pattern is associated with lower risks of incident falls and fractures during aging[J]. Front Immunol, 2023, 14: 1234102. DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1234102.
[16]	Li XL, Wei JY, Zhang XY, et al. Relationship between night-sleep duration and risk for depression among middle-aged and older people: a dose-response Meta-analysis[J]. Front Physiol, 2023, 14: 1085091. DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1085091.
[17]	Liu SY, Hu Z, Guo YC, et al. Association of sleep quality and nap duration with cognitive frailty among older adults living in nursing homes[J]. Front Public Health, 2022, 10: 963105. DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.963105.