乙型肝炎防治示范区社区儿童HBV感染情况的调查

王洋; 苏海霞; 王安辉; 吉兆华; 高洁; 徐锐; 蒲中枢; 闫永平

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.01.004

乙型肝炎防治示范区社区儿童HBV感染情况的调查

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2016.01.004

第四军医大学军事预防医学院军队流行病学教研室, 陕西西安 710032

基金项目:

国家自然科学基金（81473026，81370082）；“十一五”国家科技重大专项（2012ZX10004907）

详细信息

作者简介:
王洋(1987-),女,内蒙古锡林浩特人,在读硕士研究生。主要研究方向:传染病流行病学。

中图分类号: R512.62;R181.1
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2015-10-08
- 修回日期: 2015-11-28

Children hepatitis B virus infection in the community of HBV prevention and control demonstration area

Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Preventive Medicine, The Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710032, China

摘要

摘要: 目的了解甘肃省武威市乙肝防治示范区社区儿童乙型肝炎病毒（hepatitis B virus，HBV）实际感染情况，为阻断HBV的传播、控制儿童中乙肝的流行提供科学依据。方法在乙肝防治示范区社区人群中选择12岁及以下儿童作为研究对象，采集血清标本并进行流行病学调查。采用酶联免疫吸附试验（enzyme-linked immuno sorbent assay,ELISA）方法检测血清中乙肝表面抗原（hepatitis B surface antigen，HBsAg）和抗-HBs，乙肝e抗原（hepatitis Be antigen,HBeAg）阳性者进行HBeAg、肝功能及HBV DNA的定量检测。结果参加本次调查的12岁及以下社区儿童共4 159名，HBsAg阳性儿童52例，HBsAg阳性率为1.25%（52/4 159）。各年龄组间HBsAg阳性率无统计学意义（χ²=2.90，P=0.407），以1～3岁组最高为2.23%（6/269）。儿童乙肝疫苗接种率为98.68%（4 104/4 159），儿童抗-HBs阳性率达到59.05%（2 456/4 159），各年龄组间抗-HBs阳性率差异有统计学意义（χ²=216.81,P<0.001），以10～12岁组最高为73.57%（1 116/1 517）。52例HBsAg阳性儿童中，抗-HBs阳性者占15.38%（8/52），HBeAg阳性者占28.85%（15/52），HBV DNA>1×10³ IU/mL者占51.92%（27/52），肝功异常者占5.77%（3/52）。结论乙肝防治示范区社区儿童中存在一定比例的HBV感染，4～6岁儿童抗-HBs阳性率较低，敦促我们应进一步加强母婴传播的阻断，同时建议对4～6岁儿童开展乙肝疫苗的加强免疫接种工作。
- 儿童 /
- 肝炎病毒, 乙型 /
- 感染
Abstract: Objective To investigate children hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the community,evaluate the effects of immunization after HBV vaccination and provide scientific basis for the national HBV prevention and control demonstration areas of Wuwei City. Methods Children under 12 years old from 4 communities of Wuwei City were selected as study subjects. Epidemiological investigations were conducted in the parents or guardians of children for collecting the information of HBV infection and vaccination. Serum samples of children were collected and used for hepatitis B surface antigen(HBsAg) and anti-HBs enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay detection, only the HBsAg positive samples were tested for hepatitis B e antigen(HBeAg) alanine aminotransferase(ALT) and HBV DNA. Results Among the 4 159 children under 12 years old, 52(1.25%) HBsAg positive were determined. No significant differences were found for positive rate of HBsAg in different age groups (χ²=2.90,P=0.407). The highest HBsAg positive rate was 2.23%(6/269) in 1-3 age group.The coverage rate of HBV vaccination was 98.68%(4 104/4 159), the anti-HBs positive rate was 59.05%(2 456/4 159). The Chi-square test showed that the anti-HBs positive rates were significantly different among different age groups (χ²=216.81, P<0.001). The highest anti-HBs positive rate was 73.57%(1 116/1 517) in 10-12 age group. Of the 52 HBsAg positive children,8 (15.38%), 15 (28.85%) and 27 (51.92%) were positive for anti-HBs, HBeAg and HBV DNA, respectively. And 3 (5.77%) were described as abnormal ALT levels. Conclusions With high level coverage rate of HBV vaccine in the community, Anti-HBs positive rate of 4-6 years old children was not satisfied. We should further strengthen the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HBV. After primary vaccination, booster vaccinations of hepatitis B vaccine should be given for non-responders specially in 4-6 years old children.
- Child /
- Hepatitis B virus /
- Infection

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