Evaluation on the nutrition and health status among the workers in a steel enterprise of Jiayuguan Region
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摘要: 目的 通过收集2013年嘉峪关地区某钢铁企业41～58岁的中年员工的体检资料，对员工的健康状况进行了解，为企业员工预防慢性疾病，提高工作效率提供基础资料，以更好地保障职工的健康。方法 采用分层整群抽样方法，随机抽取351名中年员工，进行健康体检资料的筛查以及生活习惯和饮食习惯的了解。结果 医院职工较钢铁职工易患肝囊肿，钢铁职工较医院职工易得口腔疾患、低密度脂蛋白胆固醇（low density lipoprotein cholesterol，LDL-C）偏低、肌酐（creatinine，CRE）偏低。医院职工中男性较女性易患超重或肥胖、高血压、脂肪肝、间接胆红素偏高、甘油三酯偏高（均有P<0.05）；钢铁职工中男性较女性易患超重或肥胖、高血压、甘油三酯偏高（均有P<0.05）,而CRE偏低则是女性较男性高发（χ2=19.775，P<0.001）。结论 对本企业员工进行营养教育，建议其平衡膳食，加强锻炼，控制体质指数在18.5～24.0 kg/m2之间，以预防慢性疾病的发生。Abstract: Objective By gathering medical reports from 41 to 58 year-old middle-aged workers who come from an iron and steel company in Jiayuguan region, to investigate health status of employees, to provide basic data for enterprise employees in order to prevent chronic disease, improve work efficiency, and to protect worker's health. Methods 351 middle-aged workers were randomly investigated with the stratified cluster sampling method,and were screened for examination data along with learning about their life and eating habits. Results Hospital staffs were more susceptible to have liver cyst, fatty liver, higher indirect bilirubin, and higher triglycerides than steel workers, while steel workers were more susceptible to have oral diseases, lower low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), lower serum creatinine(CRE) than hospital staff. More men in hospital staffs suffered from overweight or obesity, hypertension, fatty liver, and higher indirect bilirubin (IBIL), higher triglyceride (TG) than women(all P<0.05);more men in steel staffs were incident to overweight or obesity, high blood pressure, high TG than women(all P<0.05), but women were more likely to have lower CRE than men(χ2=19.775,P<0.001). Conclusions Nutrition education for the employees of this enterprise, suggest balanced diet, strengthen exercise, control body mass index in the range of 18.5-24.0 kg/m2, for the prevention of chronic diseases.
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Key words:
- Nutritional status /
- Chronic diseases /
- Epidemiologic methods
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