Abstract: Objective To analyze the relationship between elderly obesity and hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease, high blood cholesterol. Methods A total of 1 927 elderly (≥60 years) were recruited to collect information by questionnaire, physical examination and laboratory testing. Totally, 1 808 complete and effective data were obtained; body mass index (BMI) and waist circumference (WC) were chosen as obesity index; SPSS 19.0 software was used to do ANOVA, chi-square test and Logistic regression analysis. Results The result showed that 1 276 senior citizens suffered from chronic diseases among the total number of 1 808, which accounted for 70.6 percent. Major chronic diseases included hypertension, diabetes, coronary heart disease and hyperlipidemia. The number of overweight people was 668, covering 36.9 percent of the total number. The number of people who had obesity was 150, covering 8.2 percent. And there were 406 abdominally obese patients, accounting for 22.5 percent. Obesity was closely connected with systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, fasting blood glucose, total cholesterol, triglyceride,high density lipoprotein cholesterol and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (all P< 0.05). BMI and WC had effects on the condition of hypertension patients (all P<0.05). Conclusions Obesity increases the risk that the aged are attacked by major chronic diseases. And the obesity is closely related to blood pressure, blood glucose and blood lipid. Controlling weight is the effective way of improving the health of the aged.