Abstract: Objective To understand the prevalence and influential factors of metabolic syndrome in Xinjiang adults aged 35 years and above. Methods Using a multistage stratified random sampling method, investigations including questionnaire, physical examination and blood test, was conducted among inhabitants aged 35 years and above in Xinjiang on 2015. MS was diagnosed according to the US National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel Ⅲ (NCEP ATP Ⅲ) criteria with modification for Asian population. Prevalence of MS was standardized by 2010 general population and non-conditional logistic regression analysis was followed to analyze the risk factor. Results The prevalence of MS was 26.40% (aged-standardized prevalence 25.46%),24.66% (age-adjusted prevalence 24.49%) for males, and 28.00% (age-adjusted prevalence 26.18%) for females. Among participants with MS, 34.95% were with central obesity, high blood pressure and dyslipidemia. The prevalence of MS was highest in the Uygur (41.18%). People who have family history of hypertension had higher risk of MS than their counterpart (OR (95% CI):1.230 (1.037-1.459), P=0.017). Conclusion The prevalence of MS was higher in Xinjiang adults, family history of hypertension was one of the risk factors of MS.