Abstract: Objective To investigate the current status of physical development among school students in Lanzhou 2014,in order to provide the basis for the improvement of their physical quality. Methods The data of height, sitting height, weight, chest circumference and skin-fold thickness were obtained from the cross sectional study of Lanzhou Student Physical Health of 2014 and 2010 and vervaeck index were calculated. T-test was used for data analysis. Results Height, sitting height, weight, chest circumference of the students in Lanzhou all increased with age(all P<0.05). No matter students in urban or rural areas, height, sitting height, weight and chest circumference of boys were significantly higher than girls (all P<0.05). Arm skin-fold thickness and scapular skin-fold thickness of boys was lower than girls (all P<0.05). Compared with 2010, arm skin-fold thickness, scapular skin-fold thickness and vervaeck index had no obvious change. Conclusions The patterns of growth and development of students in Lanzhou are in line with the general trend. It is necessary to take steps to eliminate the urban-rural gap in Lanzhou.