Epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of scrub typhus in Jingjiang City of Jiangsu Province from 2011 to 2015
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摘要: 目的 分析江苏省靖江市恙虫病的临床特点、流行病学特征及影响因素,为防治工作提供依据。方法 对2011-2015年靖江市恙虫病病例进行个案调查,结合聚合酶链式反应(polymerase chain reaction,PCR)核酸检测、酶联免疫法IgG抗体检测和储存宿主、传播媒介调查等,采用描述性分析、χ2检验等方法进行统计分析。结果 2011-2015年共报告恙虫病962例,年均发病率为28.80/10万,西片乡镇高发,发病时间集中于10~11月,农民占85.45%,男女性别比为1:1.35,84.89%的病例发病前3周有田间作业史。急性期病人恙虫病东方体核酸阳性率为72.70%,一般人群恙虫病东方体IgG抗体阳性率为9.64%。流行区鼠密度为10.97%,鼠型动物主要为黄胸鼠和臭鼩,螨种为小盾纤恙螨。结论 靖江市恙虫病流行呈快速增长趋势,临床症状典型,疫情为秋冬型,建议加强监测,在秋收季节前对40岁以上农民开展知识宣教与行为干预。Abstract: Objective To study clinical features, epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of scrub typhus in Jingjiang City, Jiangsu Province and to provide a basis for prevention and control work. Methods Clinical cases were collected and case study of scrub typhus was carried out in Jingjiang City from 2011 to 2015. The results were analyzed by descriptive analysis, chi-square test and other methods, which were combined with polymerase chain reaction (PCR) nucleic acid detection, IgG antibody detection and storage host, and media survey. Results A total of 962 scrub typhus cases were reported and average annual morbidity was 28.80/100 000. Western villages and towns were the high-prevalence areas and main duration of the disease was centered from October to November. There were 85.45% of peasants and male to female ratio was 1:1.35. There was a 72.70% of the positive rate for orientia tsutsugamushi nucleic acid with 9.64% of tsutsugamushi antigens IgG antibody positive rate among general population.The density of mice was 10.97% and main murine-like animal in epidemic region were flavipectus and skunks. Mites were leptotrombidium scutellares. Conclusions Scrub typhus epidemics in Jingjiang is increasing rapidly and has typical clinical symptoms, since epidemic situations are concentrated in autumns and winters. It is recommended to strengthen the surveillance of scrub typhus. Meanwhile, health educations and behavioral interventions for peasants over 40 years old should be carried out before autumn harvest season.
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Key words:
- Scrub typhus /
- Epidemiology /
- Risk factors
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