Abstract: Objective To investigate the status of anxiety and depression in iatrogenic multiple pregnancy, and to analyze the relevant factors which affect their mental health. Methods The multiple pregnancy patients with IVF-ET (in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer) were selected from a reproductive center in Hefei, Anhui. And we collected the data with the self-designed General Situation Questionnaire, the pregnancy stress scale (SAS) and Self-rating depression scale (SDS) to evaluate the anxious and despondent status of the patients. Results A total of 240 patients with multiple pregnancy from a reproductive center in Hefei were recruited. According to the patient's infertility type, they were divided into two groups with primary infertility and secondary infertility, and the difference between the two groups in the cause of infertility was statistically significant((口恶)²=7.871,P=0.049). The anxiety and depression detection rate was 47.50% and 66.25% respectively. Multivariate regression analysis showed that SAS score was correlated with and secondary infertility(OR=2.274, 95% CI:1.312-3.941, P=0.003), pay attention to the sex of the fetus(OR=4.591, 95% CI:2.492-8.459, P<0.001). No family history of disease(OR=0.248, 95% CI:0.074-0.832, P=0.024)were protective factors of SDS scores. The average monthly income(OR=4.105, 95% CI:1.204-14.004, P=0.024)and pay attention to the sex of the fetus (OR=2.303, 95% CI:1.161-4.568, P=0.017)was risk factor of SDS scores. Conclusions Secondary infertility and eagering to give birth with boys may be a risk factor of iatrogenic sexual anxiety in patients with multiple pregnancy. A high level of income, eagering to give birth with boys are important risk factors for depression.