安徽省医科大学生不同形式社会支持与自杀意念的关联及性别差异分析

刘景; 高荣; 万宇辉

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.01.017

安徽省医科大学生不同形式社会支持与自杀意念的关联及性别差异分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.01.017

刘景¹,
高荣²,
万宇辉^3, ,

1.
232000 淮南, 淮南联合大学医学系护理学教研室
2.
230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学巢湖临床医学院学生党总支
3.
230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院预防医学教学中心

基金项目:

安徽省自然科学基金 1708085QH223

安徽省质量工程项目 2015tszy046

详细信息

通讯作者:
万宇辉, E-mail: wyhayd@163.com

中图分类号: R179
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-08-16
- 修回日期: 2018-10-19
- 刊出日期: 2019-01-10

Relationships between different forms of social support and suicidal ideation and gender differences analysis among medical college students in Anhui Province

LIU Jing¹,
GAO Rong²,
WAN Yu-hui^{3
, ,}

1.
Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medicine, The Union University of Huainan, Huainan 232000, China
2.
CPC General Branch of Students, Chaohu Clinical Medical College, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China
3.
Preventive Medicine Teaching Center, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China

Funds:

Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province 1708085QH223

Anhui Quality Engineering Project 2015tszy046

More Information

Corresponding author: WAN Yu-hui, E-mail: wyhayd@163.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解不同形式社会支持对安徽省医科大学生自杀意念的影响及性别差异。方法采用分层整群抽样方法，以安徽省两所医科院校大一、大二4 799名学生为研究对象，了解一般人口统计学指标、社会支持和自杀意念等信息，建立多因素Logistic回归模型分析不同形式社会支持（类型与来源）对自杀意念的影响，并比较男女差异。结果大学生自杀意念的检出率为6.2%，性别间差异无统计学意义（χ²=1.224，P=0.269）。随各种形式社会支持水平的降低，男女大学生自杀意念呈增加趋势。控制相关混杂因素的影响，低水平各种形式的社会支持是总体大学生和女生的自杀意念的独立危险因素（均有P<0.05），低水平社会支持、主观支持和支持利用度会增加男生自杀意念的风险（P值分别为0.049，0.002，0.031）。暴露于低社会支持、低客观支持及低水平的不同来源社会支持，女生自杀意念的风险均高于男生。结论社会支持是医科大学生自杀意念的重要影响因素，并表现有性别差异，开展针对性干预有益于医科大学生自杀意念的防控。
- 大学生 /
- 社会支持 /
- 自杀意念
Abstract: Objective To investigate the relationship between various types of social support and suicide ideation, and whether the relationship varies by gender. Methods A total of 4 799 students in cluding freshmen and sophomores were recruited by stratified cluster sampling from 2 medical colleges in Anhui Province. We assessed demographic indicators, social support and suicidal ideation, etc. Logistic regression was used to analyze their gender differences and the relationship between social support and suicidal ideation. Results The prevalence of suicidal ideation was 6.2%, and no gender difference was found (χ²=1.224, P=0.269). The rate of suicidal ideation was higher with the decreasing of social support. Low levels of social support had independent effects on suicidal ideation among total samples and females respectively after controlling for confounding factors (all P<0.05), while low levels of social support, subjective social support and support availability increased the risk of suicidal ideation among males (P value was 0.049, 0.002, 0.031, respectively). In adolescents with low levels of social support, objective social support and various sources of social support, females versus males had higher risk to have suicidal ideation. Conclusions Low level of social support increased the risk of suicidal ideation among students in medical college, especially for girls. Groups at highest risk of suicidal ideation in relation to certain types of social support should be targeted with interventions accordingly.
- College students /
- Social support /
- Suicidal ideation

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表 1 不同性别大学生社会支持和SI检出情况比较[n(%)]

Table 1. Prevalence of social support and suicidal ideation among students by gender [n(%)]

性别	调查人数	社会支持			SI
性别	调查人数	高	中	低	有	无
男	2 011	397(19.7)	998(49.6)	616(30.6)	134(6.7)	1 877(93.3)
女	2 788	835(29.9)	1381(49.5)	572(20.5)	164(5.9)	2 624(94.1)
合计	4 799	1 232(25.7)	2 379(49.6)	1 188(24.8)	298(6.2)	4 501(93.8)
注：SI，suicidal ideation, 自杀意念。

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表 2 大学生社会支持不同形式对SI影响的Logistic回归分析

Table 2. Logistic regression analysis of the impact of various forms of social support on suicidal ideation among college students

变量	调查人数[n(%)]	模型1^a		模型2^b
变量	调查人数[n(%)]	OR(95% CI)	P值	OR(95% CI)	P值
社会支持
高	30(2.4)	1.00		1.00
中	125(5.3)	2.22(1.48~3.33)	< 0.001	2.06(1.37~3.11)	0.001
低	143(12.0)	5.48(3.67~8.20)	< 0.001	3.94(2.59~5.98)	< 0.001
社会支持类型
主观
高	36(2.9)	1.00		1.00
中	133(5.3)	1.87(1.28~2.72)	0.001	1.70(1.16~2.48)	0.007
低	129(12.2)	4.62(3.16~6.74)	< 0.001	3.35(2.26~4.97)	< 0.001
客观
高	63(3.7)	1.00		1.00
中	112(5.5)	1.50(1.09~2.06)	0.012	1.42(1.03~1.96)	0.033
低	123(11.6)	3.40(2.49~4.66)	< 0.001	2.56(1.83~3.58)	< 0.001
利用度
高	41(3.2)	1.00		1.00
中	133(5.7)	1.83(1.28~2.62)	0.001	1.61(1.12~2.31)	0.011
低	124(10.4)	3.51(2.44~5.04)	< 0.001	2.51(1.72~3.66)	< 0.001
社会支持来源
朋友伙伴
高	35(2.6)	1.00		1.00
中	130(5.7)	2.27(1.56~3.32)	< 0.001	2.07(1.41~3.04)	< 0.001
低	133(11.7)	5.03(3.44~7.37)	< 0.001	3.59(2.41~5.35)	< 0.001
家人亲戚
高	57(3.6)	1.00		1.00
中	123(5.7)	1.61(1.17~2.22)	0.004	1.42(1.02~1.97)	0.036
低	118(10.9)	3.22(2.33~4.47)	< 0.001	2.30(1.63~3.25)	< 0.001
他人
高	54(3.6)	1.00		1.00
中	125(5.4)	1.51(1.09~2.09)	0.014	1.30(0.93~1.82)	0.121
低	119(12.2)	3.68(2.64~5.13)	< 0.001	2.65(1.87~3.76)	< 0.001
注：^a单因素分析；^b控制年龄、家庭所在地、独生子女、父母文化程度、家庭经济状况、心理病理问题。

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表 3 大学生不同形式社会支持对男女生SI影响的Logistic回归分析及性别差异比较

Table 3. Logistic regression analysis of the impact of various forms of social support on suicidal ideation among college students by gender

变量	女生			男生			女vs男 ROR(95% CI)^b值
变量	调查人数(%)	OR (95% CI)值^a	P值	调查人数	OR (95% CI)^a值	P值	女vs男 ROR(95% CI)^b值
社会支持
高	15(1.8)	1.00		15(3.8)	1.00
中	77(5.6)	3.24(1.83~5.72)	<0.001	48(4.8)	1.04(0.56~1.91)	0.911	3.12(1.35~7.20)^c
低	72(12.6)	6.93(3.83~12.51)	<0.001	71(11.5)	1.85(1.00~3.43)	0.049	3.75(1.59~8.80)^c
社会支持类型
主观
高	21(2.6)	1.00		15(3.4)	1.00
中	80(5.6)	2.11(1.29~3.48)	0.003	53(4.9)	1.25(0.68~2.30)	0.469	1.69(0.77~3.70)
低	63(11.3)	3.80(2.24~6.44)	<0.001	66(13.2)	2.68(1.45~4.97)	0.002	1.42(0.63~3.19)
客观
高	36(3.1)	1.00		27(5.0)	1.00
中	67(5.8)	1.95(1.28~2.98)	0.002	45(5.1)	1.02(0.61~1.70)	0.953	1.91(0.98~3.71)
低	61(12.9)	4.26(2.70~6.73)	<0.001	62(10.6)	1.47(0.89~2.45)	0.136	2.90(1.47~5.73)^c
利用度
高	26(3.0)	1.00		15(3.6)	1.00
中	76(5.8)	1.93(1.21~3.06)	0.006	57(5.6)	1.25(0.68~2.29)	0.466	1.54(0.72~3.31)
低	62(10.0)	3.03(1.84~4.98)	<0.001	62(10.8)	1.97(1.07~3.63)	0.031	1.54(0.70~3.38)
社会支持来源
朋友伙伴
高	14(1.5)	1.00		21(4.6)	1.00
中	85(6.6)	4.56(2.55~8.15)	<0.001	45(4.5)	0.80(0.46~1.39)	0.426	5.70(2.56~12.71)^c
低	65(10.9)	6.70(3.64~12.35)	<0.001	68(12.6)	1.74(1.00~3.02)	0.050	3.85(1.69~8.78)^c
家人亲戚
高	33(3.1)	1.00		24(4.8)	1.00
中	78(6.3)	1.98(1.30~3.03)	0.002	45(4.9)	0.82(0.48~1.40)	0.473	2.41(1.22~4.78)^c
低	53(10.8)	3.24(2.01~5.22)	<0.001	65(10.9)	1.53(0.91~2.57)	0.113	2.12(1.05~4.29)^c
他人
高	33(3.3)	1.00		21(4.3)	1.00
中	65(5.0)	1.52(0.98~2.36)	0.060	60(5.8)	0.98(0.57~1.68)	0.945	1.55(0.77~3.11)
低	66(13.4)	4.04(2.55~6.40)	<0.001	53(10.9)	1.55(0.88~2.73)	0.126	2.61(1.26~5.41)^c
注：^a控制年龄、城乡所在地、独生子女、父母文化程度、家庭经济状况、心理病理问题；^b女生OR值与男生OR值之比及95%CI；^cP<0.05。

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