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家庭因素与学龄前儿童情绪与行为问题的关联研究

章景丽,  陈瑞美,  陈秋,  左笑宇,  于伟平,  陶芳标,  苏亭娟

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文章导航 > 中华疾病控制杂志  > 2019 >  23(2): 168-171
章景丽, 陈瑞美, 陈秋, 左笑宇, 于伟平, 陶芳标, 苏亭娟. 家庭因素与学龄前儿童情绪与行为问题的关联研究[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2019, 23(2): 168-171. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.02.009
引用本文: 章景丽, 陈瑞美, 陈秋, 左笑宇, 于伟平, 陶芳标, 苏亭娟. 家庭因素与学龄前儿童情绪与行为问题的关联研究[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2019, 23(2): 168-171. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.02.009
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ZHANG Jing-li, CHEN Rui-mei, CHEN Qiu, ZUO Xiao-yu, YU Wei-ping, TAO Fang-biao, SU Ting-juan. Imapct of home environment on emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2019, 23(2): 168-171. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.02.009
Citation: ZHANG Jing-li, CHEN Rui-mei, CHEN Qiu, ZUO Xiao-yu, YU Wei-ping, TAO Fang-biao, SU Ting-juan. Imapct of home environment on emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2019, 23(2): 168-171. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.02.009
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家庭因素与学龄前儿童情绪与行为问题的关联研究

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.02.009
  • 1.

    225002 扬州, 扬州市妇幼保健院儿童保健科

  • 2.

    230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学公共卫生学院儿少卫生与妇幼保健学系

基金项目: 

国家自然科学基金 81573168

详细信息
    通讯作者:

    苏亭娟, E-mail: 841642629@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: R749.94

Imapct of home environment on emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children

  • 1.

    Department of Child Heath Care, Yangzhou Maternal and Child health care hospital, Yangzhou 225002, China

  • 2.

    Department of Maternal and Child health, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China

Funds: 

National Natural Science Foundation of China 81573168

More Information

    摘要
  • 摘要:   目的  了解扬州市学龄前儿童心理卫生状况，探讨家庭因素对其心理健康的影响。  方法  整群随机抽取7所幼儿园共2 531名儿童，进行问卷调查。收集一般人口统计学特征及家庭环境情况，运用SDQ量表（strengths and difficulties questionnaire，SDQ）（家长版）收集儿童心理健康状况。  结果  学龄前儿童心理异常检出率为6.4%，同伴交往问题最为突出（17.8%），其次为多动注意不能（13.7%），亲社会行为（9.4%）、品行问题（7.0%）、情绪问题（5.7%）。除情绪问题外，男童问题检出率高于女童。多因素Logistic回归发现，母亲文化程度低（OR=1.85，95%CI：1.04~3.29）及组合家庭（OR=1.81，95%CI：1.19~2.75）为其危险因素，而女童为保护性因素（OR=0.71，95%CI：0.51~0.98）。  结论  扬州市学龄前儿童心理异常检出率虽不高，但男孩的多动问题、女孩的情绪问题较为突出，尤其要关注母亲文化程度低的及组合家庭。
    Abstract:   Objective  To investigate the status of mental health in preschool children of Yangzhou city, and to explore the effect of home environment.  Methods  A total of 2 531 children from 7 kindergartens were selected by random cluster sampling. Questionnaire (including SDQ tests) was used to analyse the status and characteristics of mental health.  Results  The rate of children with mental disorder was 6.4%, the most prominent problem was peer relationship difficulty (17.8%), followed by hyperactivity/inattention (13.7%), prosocial behavior (9.4%), conduct problems (7.0%) and emotional problems (5.7%). Except for emotional symptoms, the detection rates of all other investigated problems among boys were higher than those among girls. Logistic regression analysis showed that the low level of mother's education (OR=1.85, 95%CI: 1.04-3.29) and the joint family (OR=1.81, 95%CI: 1.19-2.75) were risk factors, and gender of girl was protective factor (OR=0.71, 95%CI: 0.51-0.98).  Conclusions  The rate of mental disorder is low, but hyperactivity in boys and emotional problems in girls are quite popular, especially in children who have mother with low level of education or live in the joint family.
    • HTML全文

  • 表  1  不同人口社会学特征及家庭环境与学龄前儿童情绪、行为问题发生情况

    Table  1.   Sociodemographic characteristics and home environment on emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children

    变量 SDQ(n%) χ2值 P值
    正常 可疑 异常
    母亲文化程度 38.59 ＜0.001
      初中及以下 130(75.6) 26(15.1) 16(9.3)
      高中及大专 861(79.2) 144(13.2) 82(7.5)
      本科及以上 1 115(87.7) 92(7.2) 65(5.1)
    母亲吸烟 6.81 0.033
      是 2 104(83.3) 260(10.3) 62(6.4)
      否 2(40.0) 2(40.0) 1(20.0)
    母亲饮酒 2.46 0.292
      是 2 091(83.3) 260(10.4) 160(6.4)
      否 15(75.0) 2(10.0) 3(15.0)
    父亲文化程度 21.10 ＜0.001
      初中及以下 103(79.2) 14(10.8) 13(10.0)
      高中及大专 803(79.7) 131(13.0) 74(7.3)
      本科及以上 1 200(86.1) 117(8.4) 76(5.5)
    父亲吸烟 0.40 0.817
      是 1 089(84.5) 129(10.0) 71(5.5)
      否 5 595(83.8) 71(10.0) 44(6.2)
    父亲饮酒 3.82 0.148
      是 1 324(83.9) 165(10.4) 90(5.7)
      否 782(82.1) 97(10.2) 73(7.7)
    家庭人均月收入(元) 5.85 0.210
      ＜2000 103(80.5) 14(10.9) 11(8.6)
      2000~ 1 630(82.6) 215(10.9) 128(6.5)
      ＞8000 373(86.7) 33(7.7) 24(5.6)
    家庭结构 13.14 0.011
      核心家庭 1 842(84.2) 217(9.9) 129(5.9)
      组合家庭 228(77.3) 37(12.5) 30(10.2)
      单亲及其他 36(75.0) 8(16.7) 4(8.3)
    带养者 14.37 0.006
      父母为主 1 717(83.9) 206(10.1) 123(6.0)
      祖父辈为主 362(80.3) 52(11.5) 37(8.2)
      保姆及其他亲戚 2(40.0) 1(20.0) 2(40.0)
    独生子女 1.79 0.409
      是 1 717(83.6) 212(10.3) 126(6.1)
      否 389(81.7) 50(10.5) 37(7.8)
    出生方式 5.84 0.212
      顺产 730(84.1) 81(9.3) 57(6.6)
      剖腹 1 356(83.0) 176(17.2) 102(6.2)
      胎吸及其他 20(69.0) 5(17.2) 4(13.8)
    出生窒息史 14.66 0.001
      是 1 915(84.1) 225(9.9) 136(6.0)
      否 191(74.9) 37(14.5) 27(10.6)
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  学龄前儿童情绪与行为问题的多因素Logistic回归分析

    Table  2.   Logistic regression analysis of emotional and behavioral problems in preschool children

    变量 β SE Wald值 OR(95% CI)值 P值
    母亲文化程度
      本科以上(参照) 1.00 0.022
      初中以下 0.62 0.29 4.43 1.85(1.04~3.29) 0.035
      大专及以下 0.41 0.17 5.67 1.51(1.08~2.11) 0.017
    家庭结构
      核心家庭(参照) 1.00 0.020
      组合家庭 0.59 0.21 7.66 1.81(1.19~2.75) 0.006
      单亲及其他 0.35 0.53 0.44 1.42(0.50~4.03) 0.509
    性别
      男(参照) 1.00
      女 -0.34 0.17 4.20 0.71(0.51~0.98) 0.040
    下载: 导出CSV
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  • 收稿日期:  2018-09-03
  • 修回日期:  2018-11-23
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