公立医院医务人员焦虑与社会支持、领悟社会支持及应对方式的相关性研究

何云涓; 卢曼曼; 陈贵梅; 王梦洁; 陈明壮; 佘玉婷; 姚安琦

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.03.017

公立医院医务人员焦虑与社会支持、领悟社会支持及应对方式的相关性研究

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.03.017

230032 合肥, 安徽医科大学卫生管理学院医疗保险系

基金项目:

2016年国家级大学生创新创业训练计划项目 201610366031

详细信息

通讯作者:
卢曼曼, E-mail: lumanman123@126.com

中图分类号: R749.72
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-07-23
- 修回日期: 2018-10-18
- 刊出日期: 2019-03-10

Correlation between anxiety among public hospital medical personnel and social support, perceived social support and coping styles

Department of Medical Insurance, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230032, China

摘要

摘要: 目的调查公立医院医务人员心理健康状况，以及其社会支持、领悟社会支持及应对方式的情况，探讨医务人员焦虑状况与社会支持、领悟社会支持、应对方式等因素的关系。方法采用问卷调查的研究方法，调查医务人员的基本信息、焦虑状况、社会支持、领悟社会支持及应对方式情况。结果被访医务人员的焦虑水平高于国内常模（37.23±12.59）（t=14.370，P<0.001）；焦虑水平在职业、学历和工作年限之间的差异有统计学意义。不同焦虑状态的医务人员三种量表各维度得分差异有统计学意义；Spearman相关分析显示焦虑同客观支持（r=-0.098，P=0.051）、主观支持（r=-0.189，P<0.001）、社会支持的利用度（r=-0.164，P=0.001）、朋友支持（r=-0.356，P<0.001）、家庭支持（r=-0.330，P<0.001）、其他支持（r=-0.238，P<0.001）、积极应对（r=-0.282，P<0.001）呈负相关关系，同消极应对（r=0.385，P<0.001）呈正相关关系。结论应加强对医务人员的心理健康关注度，逐步提升公立医院医务人员社会支持水平，打造更高质量的医务人员团队，为构建更高水平的公立医院提供支持。
- 医务人员 /
- 焦虑 /
- 社会支持 /
- 领悟社会支持 /
- 应对方式
Abstract: Objective This research aimed to explore the mental status of public hospital medical personnel and social support for them, social support they perceive, and their coping styles. This study was designed to investigate on the relationship between their anxiety and social support, perceived social support and their coping styles. Methods A questionnaire was adopted to collect data, including participants' background, measurement of anxiety, as well as social support, perceived social support and their coping styles. Results (1) The anxiety level of medical personnel was significantly higher than that of domestic norm 37.23±12.59(t=14.370, P<0.001);(2)Anxiety levels appeared to be significantly different in occupation, educational background and working years; (3)Results shown in the three scales were different among participants with different levels of anxiety in perspectives of every dimension in the scales; (4) With the help of Spearman correlation analysis, it showed that anxiety levels of medical personnel was negatively correlated with objective support (r=-0.098, P=0.051), subjective support (r=-0.189, P<0.001), utilization of social support (r=-0.164, P=0.001), friend support (r=-0.356, P<0.001), family support (r=-0.330, P<0.001), other support (r=-0.238, P<0.001) and positive response (r=-0.282, P<0.001), and positively correlated with negative response (r=0.385, P<0.001). Conclusions Mental health of medical personnel should be noticed and enhanced, and social support for public hospital medical personnel should be strengthened. Thus, the performance of the medical team can be developed in order to support further public medical service construction.
- Medical staff /
- Anxiety /
- Social support /
- Perceived social support /
- Coping style

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表 1 不同人口学特征医务人员SAS得分的分析

Table 1. Analysis of SAS scores of medical personnel with different demographic characteristics

人口学特征	例数	均值±标准差	F/t值	P值
性别			-0.203	0.839
男	93	44.09±10.75
女	307	44.32±9.50
职业			-2.171	0.031
医生	152	42.92±10.20
护士	248	45.10±9.46
年龄组(岁)			-1.128	0.260
18~	263	43.87±9.49
≥30	137	45.03±10.35
职称			0.976	0.378
实习(无)	46	43.64±9.85
初级	270	44.73±9.97
中级及以上	84	43.12±9.18
学历			6.388	0.002
专科	94	44.61±9.66
本科	231	45.28±9.86
硕士及以上	75	40.72±9.05
工作年限(年)			4.292	0.014
0~	158	42.58±9.17
5~	135	45.83±10.61
≥15	107	44.80±9.30

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表 2 q三种焦虑状态下医务人员SSRS、PSSS、TCSQ各维度评定结果比较

Table 2. Comparison of SSRS, PSSS and TCSQ in different dimensions among medical personnel with 3 anxiety levels

项目	无焦虑(n=301)	轻度焦虑(n=67)	中度焦虑及以上(n=32)	F值	P值
SSRS
主观支持	22.73±4.95	21.08±5.50	21.92±5.05	3.057	0.048
客观支持	9.58±3.11	7.74±2.83	8.57±3.13	10.426	<0.001
社会支持的利用度	8.06±1.77	7.52±1.86	7.34±1.86	4.335	0.014
PSSS
朋友支持	22.09±4.21	19.59±4.62	19.22±3.95	14.199	<0.001
家庭支持	23.46±4.51	20.67±5.02	20.45±4.90	14.207	<0.001
其他支持	20.76±4.43	18.61±4.69	18.17±4.61	14.208	<0.001
TCSQ
积极应对	35.72±5.71	32.43±5.06	32.68±5.50	12.340	<0.001
消极应对	27.73±7.05	30.90±4.98	32.94±6.09	13.260	<0.001

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表 3 医务人员焦虑症状同SSRS、PSSS、TCSQ各维度的相关性分析

Table 3. Correlative analysis between anxiety of medical personnel and SSRS, PSSS and TCSQ in different dimensions

因素	Correlation Coefficient	P值
SSRS
主观支持	-0.098	0.051
客观支持	-0.189	<0.001
社会支持的利用度	-0.164	0.001
PSSS
朋友支持	-0.356	<0.001
家庭支持	-0.330	<0.001
其他支持	-0.238	<0.001
TCSQ
积极应对	-0.282	<0.001
消极应对	0.385	<0.001

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