2015-2017年陕西省居民伤害死亡现状与潜在损失分析

邱琳; 飒日娜; 王维华

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.04.017

2015-2017年陕西省居民伤害死亡现状与潜在损失分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.04.017

710054 西安, 陕西省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染性疾病预防控制所

基金项目:

陕西省科学技术研究发展计划项目 2012K18-03-03

详细信息

通讯作者:
飒日娜, E-mail: QL12@163.com

中图分类号: R
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-07-30
- 修回日期: 2018-10-25
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-10

Status of injury death and potential losses analysis in Shaanxi Province, 2015-2017

Department of the Prevention and Control of Chronic Noncommunicable Diseases, shanxi Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Xi'an 710054, China; The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiao Tong University, Xi'an 710061, China

Funds:

Shaanxi science and technology research and development plan project 2012K18-03-03

More Information

Corresponding author: SA Ri-na, E-mail: QL12@163.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解2015-2017年陕西省监测点居民伤害死亡现状及由于伤害死亡所造成的潜在损失，为制定伤害防控策略提供参考依据。方法运用描述性流行病学方法对伤害死因数据进行统计分析、用卫生经济学方法研究伤害死亡造成的潜在损失，计算死亡率、标化死亡率、构成比、潜在寿命损失年(potential years of life lost，PYLL)、平均减寿年数(average years of life lost，AYLL)、潜在工作损失年(working potential years of life lost，WPYLL)、平均潜在工作损失年(average working potential years of life lost，AWPYLL)、潜在经济损失值(potential economic losses，PEL)。结果 2015-2017年陕西省居民伤害平均粗死亡率55.76/10万(标化死亡率45.83/10万)，其中男性高于女性(χ²=528.500，P < 0.001)、农村高于城市(χ²=45.124，P < 0.001)。前4位伤害死因分别是交通事故、跌落、自杀和中毒。溺水和他杀造成的AYLL位居伤害死因类型的前2位，且男性高于女性、农村高于城市。因交通事故导致的PYLL 88218人年、WPYLL 56 413人年、PEL 27.28亿元，且均为男性高于女性、城市高于农村；因自杀导致的PYLL 16 789人年、WPYLL 10 868人年、PEL 5.26亿元，且均为男性高于女性、农村高于城市。结论伤害是严重危害陕西省居民身体健康和生命安全的主要公共卫生问题之一，也是导致陕西省社会劳动力和潜在经济损失的重要原因。
- 伤害 /
- 死因 /
- 潜在损失
Abstract: Objective To analyze the injury death status and potential loss due to injury death in monitoring area in shaanxi province from 2015 to 2017, so as to provide a scientific basis for preventing and controlling injury. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the cause of injury death data. Health economics was used to calculate the potential losses caused by injury death, calculate mortality, standardized death rate, constituent ratio, years of potential life lost(PYLL), average number of years lost(AYLL), working years of potential life lost(WPYLL), average working years of potential life lost(AWPYLL), potential economic lost(PEL). Results The average mortality of injury was 55.76 per 100 000(standardized rate was 45.83 per 100 000) in Shaanxi province from 2015 to 2017.The average injury mortality of male was higher than female, and countryside was higher than city.The leading causes of injury death were traffic accidents, falls, suicide, poisoning. Drowning and homicide were the main types of AYLL, male was higher than female and countryside was high than city.PYLL, WPYLL and PEL in traffic accident were 88 218 person-years, 56 413 person-years and 2.728 billions of Yuan, and all of them were higher in male than female, and higher in city than countryside. PYLL, WPYLL and PEL in suicide were 16 789 person-years, 10 868 person-years and 0.526 billions of Yuan, higher in female than male, and higher in countryside than city. Conclusions Injury has become a serious public health problem endangering people's life and health in Shaanxi province, and also the leading cause of death in loss of labor and potential economic loss.
- Injury /
- Death /
- Potential losses

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表 1 2015-2017年陕西省居民伤害死亡数及粗死亡率(/10万)

Table 1. Number of injury deaths and crude death rate in shaanxi province from 2015 to 2017(/100 000)

年份	合计		男性		女性		城市		农村
年份	死亡数	死亡率	死亡数	死亡率	死亡数	死亡率	死亡数	死亡率	死亡数	死亡率
2015	2 575	48.38	1 838	67.19	737	28.49	1255	42.99	1 320	54.92
2016	2 599	48.50	1 818	66.09	781	29.95	1415	43.96	1 184	55.33
2017	2 482	47.96	1 768	66.55	714	28.36	1430	48.48	1 052	47.27
合计	7 656	48.29	5 424	66.61	2 232	28.94	4100	45.12	3 556	52.54

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表 2 2015-2017年陕西省居民不同伤害类型平均粗死亡率(/10万)及构成比(%)

Table 2. Average crude death rate(/100 000) and composition ratio(%) of different injury types in shaanxi province from 2015 to 2017

死因	总人群		男性		女性		城市		农村
死因	死亡率	构成比	死亡率	构成比	死亡率	构成比	死亡率	构成比	死亡率	构成比
交通事故	19.84	41.09	28.79	43.22	10.40	35.93	19.55	43.34	20.23	38.50
跌落	10.70	22.17	14.28	21.44	6.92	23.92	10.59	23.46	10.86	20.67
自杀	4.76	9.86	5.31	7.96	4.19	14.47	3.62	8.02	6.29	11.98
中毒	4.43	9.17	5.82	8.74	2.96	10.22	3.64	8.07	5.48	10.43
其他意外伤害	2.59	5.37	3.76	5.64	1.36	4.70	2.33	5.17	2.94	5.60
溺水	1.90	3.94	2.49	3.74	1.28	4.44	1.65	3.66	2.25	4.27
意外窒息	1.51	3.13	2.20	3.30	0.79	2.73	1.44	3.20	1.61	3.07
砸死	0.77	1.59	1.26	1.90	0.25	0.85	0.59	1.32	1.00	1.91
触电	0.73	1.50	1.33	1.99	0.09	0.31	0.74	1.63	0.71	1.35
火灾	0.63	1.31	0.82	1.24	0.43	1.48	0.67	1.49	0.58	1.10
他杀	0.42	0.86	0.55	0.83	0.27	0.94	0.29	0.63	0.59	1.12
合计	48.29	100.00	66.61	100.00	28.94	100.00	45.12	100.00	52.54	100.00

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表 3 陕西省居民各伤害类型死亡率的年龄、性别及城乡比较(/10万)

Table 3. Comparison of age, sex and urban and rural death rate of each injury type in Shaanxi province(/100 000)

年龄	触电	跌落	火灾	交通事故	溺水	其他意外伤害	他杀	意外窒息	砸死	中毒	自杀
男性(岁)
0~	0.25	1.10	0.34	6.75	3.88	0.42	0.59	2.62	0.34	1.01	0.34
15~	1.53	6.36	0.35	22.67	2.59	2.46	0.60	1.36	1.23	3.72	3.74
45~	1.79	17.21	0.98	44.04	1.61	4.11	0.63	2.37	1.79	8.63	6.53
65~101	0.54	69.00	3.64	50.81	2.43	14.96	0.00	5.53	1.35	16.31	17.92
女性(岁)
0~	0.10	1.45	0.19	4.55	1.55	0.10	0.00	0.87	0.00	1.26	0.00
15~	0.08	0.80	0.13	5.88	0.82	0.35	0.13	0.32	0.11	0.98	2.63
45~	0.14	3.93	0.33	15.21	1.09	1.09	0.47	0.52	0.43	3.03	5.88
65~107	0.00	50.14	2.35	26.31	3.58	8.40	0.74	3.58	0.74	14.08	12.35
城市(岁)
0~	0.23	1.15	0.31	5.60	1.92	0.38	0.08	1.76	0.15	0.69	0.31
15~	0.79	3.70	0.31	13.98	1.63	1.43	0.22	0.53	0.51	2.51	2.49
45~	0.99	10.53	0.83	31.39	1.16	2.52	0.41	1.45	0.91	4.58	5.00
65~107	0.48	63.37	2.78	37.49	2.78	9.80	0.60	5.93	0.85	11.73	11.00
农村(岁)
0~	0.11	1.42	0.22	5.91	4.05	0.11	0.66	1.86	0.22	1.75	0.00
15~	0.87	3.59	0.16	15.26	1.87	1.44	0.59	1.31	0.94	2.22	4.21
45~	0.99	11.06	0.47	28.36	1.61	2.80	0.73	1.51	1.40	7.58	7.74
65~102	0.00	54.36	3.17	38.63	3.31	13.52	0.14	2.90	1.24	19.04	19.59
合计(岁)
0~	0.18	1.26	0.27	5.72	2.79	0.27	0.32	1.80	0.18	1.13	0.18
15~	0.83	3.66	0.25	14.51	1.73	1.43	0.37	0.85	0.68	2.39	3.20
45~	0.99	10.77	0.67	30.05	1.36	2.65	0.55	1.47	1.13	5.91	6.21
65~107	0.26	59.16	2.96	38.02	3.03	11.54	0.39	4.51	1.03	15.14	15.02

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表 4 陕西省居民伤害类型的PYLL及AYLL(人年)

Table 4. PYLL and AYLL of injury types for Shaanxi residents (person-years)

伤害类型	合计		男性		女性		城市		农村
伤害类型	PYLL	AYLL	PYLL	AYLL	PYLL	AYLL	PYLL	AYLL	PYLL	AYLL
触电	4 088	35.55	3 835	35.51	253	36.21	2 358	35.19	1 730	36.05
跌落	10 167	5.99	13 678	11.76	3 512	6.58	4 466	4.64	5 700	7.76
火灾	1 741	17.41	1 295	19.32	446	13.52	1 314	21.55	427	10.94
交通事故	88 218	28.04	68 144	29.07	20 074	25.03	50 256	28.28	37 962	27.73
溺水	11 703	38.75	8 909	43.89	2 794	28.22	5 715	38.10	5 989	39.40
其他意外伤害	9 088	22.11	5 899	19.28	92	0.88	3 613	17.04	2 379	11.95
他杀	2 374	35.96	1 873	41.63	500	23.83	816	31.38	1 558	38.95
意外窒息	5 928	24.70	5 102	28.50	826	13.55	2 566	19.59	3 362	30.84
砸死	3 563	29.20	3 205	31.12	357	18.81	1 576	29.18	1 987	29.22
中毒	14 795	21.08	11 231	23.69	3 564	15.63	7 975	24.09	6 820	18.38
自杀	16 789	22.24	10 035	23.23	6 754	20.91	7 675	23.33	9 114	21.39
合计	168 454	23.09	133 207	24.56	32 150	14.40	88 330	21.54	77 027	21.66

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表 5 陕西省居民主要伤害类型的WPYLL(人年)、AWPYLL(人年)及潜在经济损失值PEL(亿元)

Table 5. Main injury types of WPYLL(person-years), AWPYLL (person-years) and PEL(100 million) in Shaanxi province

主要伤害类型	合计	性别		城乡
主要伤害类型	合计	男性	女性	城市	农村
交通事故
WPYLL	56 413	43 688	12 725	32 268	24 145
AWPYLL	17.93	18.64	15.87	18.16	17.64
PEL	27.28	21.13	6.15	15.66	11.63
自杀
WPYLL	10 868	6 480	4 388	4 893	5 975
AWPYLL	14.39	15.00	13.58	14.87	14.03
PEL	5.26	3.13	2.13	2.37	2.88
伤害
WPYLL	117 620	91 008	26 613	64 340	53 280
AWPYLL	15.36	16.78	11.92	15.69	14.98
PEL	56.90	44.05	12.86	31.22	25.69

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