2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者疾病谱特征分析

赵思宇; 曹昱; 雷燕妮; 柳芳超; 邵石雨; 刘珏; 聂冬妮; 杨楠楠; 刘民

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.04.021

2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者疾病谱特征分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.04.021

1.
100191 北京, 北京大学公共卫生学院流行病与卫生统计学系
2.
100053 北京, 北京市卫生健康委员会
3.
100031 北京, 北京急救中心

详细信息

通讯作者:
刘民, E-mail: liumin@bjmu.edu.cn

中图分类号: R181.22
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-01-08
- 修回日期: 2019-02-22
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-10

Analysis of the disease spectrum of Beijing 120 prehospital emergency patients from 2013 to 2017

1.
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Peking University Health Science Center, Beijing 100191, China
2.
Beijing Municipal Health Commission, Beijing 100053, China
3.
Beijing Emergency Medical Center, Beijing 100031, China

More Information

Corresponding author: LIU Min, E-mail: liumin@bjmu.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 目的了解北京市院前急救患者疾病谱特征，为合理配置院前急救资源、完善院前急救服务提供依据。方法利用北京急救中心120调度指挥系统急救出车数据，研究2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者的疾病谱，分析不同年份、性别、年龄的患者疾病谱的差异和不同疾病的时间分布特征。结果 2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者共1 643 375人，疾病谱前三位疾病依次为：损伤和中毒（29.63%）、循环系统疾病（18.37%）、神经系统疾病（15.80%），5年间疾病顺位无变化。不同年龄段、性别患者疾病谱有差异。呼叫时间在春、夏、秋、冬季的分别占25.23%、24.97%、25.05%、24.75%，一天中08：00~09：59（12.41%）、12：00~13：59（10.05%）、14：00~15：59（9.91%）呼叫的最多，不同疾病的高发月份和时刻有差异。结论近年来北京市院前急救服务需求量不断增大，应加强对各年龄段人群尤其是男性外伤的防范和对老年人群慢性疾病突发情况的预防与应对能力，根据不同疾病的呼叫高峰月份和时间段合理配置院前急救资源。
- 院前急救 /
- 疾病谱 /
- 流行病学
Abstract: Objective To understand the disease spectrum of prehospital emergency patients in Beijing, so as to provide basis for rational allocation of prehospital emergency care resources and for improvement of prehospital emergency care. Methods Emergency dispatch database from 120 dispatching command system of Beijing Emergency Medical Center to was used study the disease spectrum of 120 prehospital emergency patients from 2013 to 2017 in Beijing, and were analyzed the differences of disease spectrum among patients of different years, genders and ages, and the time distribution of different diseases. Results From 2013 to 2017 in Beijing, 1 643 375 patients used 120 prehospital emergency care. The top 3 diseases of the disease spectrum were: injury and poisoning (29.63%), diseases of the circulatory system (18.37%), and diseases of the nervous system (15.80%). The sorting of diseases remained unchanged during the 5 years. The disease spectrums were different among different age groups and gender groups. The calls in spring, summer, autumn and winter accounted for 25.23%, 24.97%, 25.05% and 24.75% respectively. Most calls were made from 08:00 to 09:59 (12.41%), 12:00 to 13:59 (10.05%), and 14:00 to 15:59 (9.91%) during a day. The peak months and hours of different diseases were different. Conclusions The demand for prehospital emergency care has been increasing in Beijing in recent years. It is important to strengthen the prevention of injuries among all ages, especially male, and to improve the prevention and response capacity for acute attack of chronic diseases among older people. Prehospital emergency care resources should be rationally allocated according to the peak months and hours of calls.
- Prehospital emergency care /
- Disease spectrum /
- Epidemiology

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图 1 2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者疾病谱

Figure 1. The disease spectrum of Beijing 120 prehospital emergency patients from 2013 to 2017

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图 2 2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者疾病谱前十位疾病的月份分布

Figure 2. The month distribution of the top ten in the disease spectrum of Beijing 120 prehospital emergency patients from 2013 to 2017

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图 3 2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者疾病谱前十位疾病的时刻分布

Figure 3. The hour distribution of the top ten in the disease spectrum of Beijing 120 prehospital emergency patients from 2013 to 2017

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表 1 2013-2017年北京市120院前急救患者疾病谱及顺位[n(%)]

Table 1. The disease spectrum and sorting of Beijing 120 prehospital emergency patients from 2013 to 2017[n(%)]

疾病种类	2013	2014	2015	2016	2017	合计
疾病种类	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	n (%)	顺位
损伤和中毒	91 181(28.91)	95 454(29.25)	91 011(29.35)	99 458(29.96)	109 892(30.57)	486 996(29.63)	1
循环系统	56 896(18.04)	57 654(17.67)	58 389(18.83)	62 004(18.68)	66 881(18.60)	301 824(18.37)	2
神经系统	50 636(16.05)	50 479(15.47)	48 063(15.50)	52 761(15.89)	57 664(16.04)	259 603(15.80)	3
呼吸系统	25 551(8.10)	27 825(8.53)	27 931(9.01)	30 131(9.08)	32 421(9.02)	143 859(8.75)	4
消化系统	23 393(7.42)	24 191(7.41)	23 558(7.60)	23 496(7.08)	26 637(7.41)	121 275(7.38)	5
产科	7 600(2.41)	10 116(3.10)	6 640(2.14)	9 107(2.74)	8 968(2.49)	42 431(2.58)	6
泌尿生殖系统	3 994(1.27)	4 716(1.45)	4 890(1.58)	4 988(1.50)	5 338(1.48)	23 926(1.46)	7
精神和行为障碍	3 754(1.19)	3 730(1.14)	4 105(1.32)	4 415(1.33)	5 050(1.40)	21 054(1.28)	8
内分泌和代谢	2 316(0.73)	2 582(0.79)	2 557(0.82)	2 634(0.79)	3 169(0.88)	13 258(0.81)	9
肿瘤	1 656(0.53)	1 718(0.53)	1 835(0.59)	1 483(0.45)	1 533(0.43)	8 225(0.50)	10
眼耳	846(0.27)	966(0.30)	844(0.27)	880(0.27)	914(0.25)	4 450(0.27)	11
血液和免疫	674(0.21)	783(0.24)	726(0.23)	709(0.21)	698(0.19)	3 590(0.22)	12
皮肤和皮下组织	421(0.13)	539(0.17)	579(0.19)	582(0.18)	604(0.17)	2 725(0.17)	13
传染病和寄生虫	290(0.09)	344(0.11)	235(0.08)	295(0.09)	306(0.09)	1 470(0.09)	14
结缔组织	125(0.04)	124(0.04)	118(0.04)	108(0.03)	108(0.03)	583(0.04)	15
其他	46 081(14.61)	45 134(13.83)	38 660(12.47)	38 923(11.72)	39 308(10.93)	208 106(12.66)	-
合计	315 414(100.00)	326 355(100.00)	310 141(100.00)	331 974(100.00)	359 491(100.00)	1 643 375(100.00)	-

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表 2 2013-2017年北京市120院前急救不同年龄患者的疾病谱及顺位

Table 2. The disease spectrum and sorting of Beijing 120 prehospital emergency patients from different age groups from 2013 to 2017

疾病	0~岁		10~岁		20~岁		40~岁		60~岁		80~99岁
疾病	n (%)	顺位	n (%)	顺位	n (%)	顺位	n (%)	顺位	n (%)	顺位	n (%)	顺位
损伤和中毒	9 375(22.08)	1	11 953(48.53)	1	123 292(43.67)	1	104 910(32.32)	1	65 049(16.67)	3	40 277(14.10)	4
循环系统	1 296(3.05)	5	1 425(5.79)	4	19 554(6.93)	5	70 822(21.82)	2	112 832(28.91)	1	63 712(22.31)	1
神经系统	7 279(17.14)	2	4 276(17.36)	2	37 699(13.35)	2	57 810(17.81)	3	69 210(17.74)	2	46 474(16.27)	3
呼吸系统	4 176(9.83)	3	1 266(5.14)	5	9 897(3.51)	6	21 150(6.52)	5	45 516(11.66)	4	48 897(17.12)	2
消化系统	2 895(6.82)	4	2 444(9.92)	3	25 638(9.08)	4	24 298(7.49)	4	29 328(7.52)	5	24 267(8.50)	5
产科	0(0.00)	15	195(0.79)	8	36 077(12.78)	3	1 089(0.34)	10	0(0.00)	15	0(0.00)	15
泌尿生殖系统	228(0.54)	8	241(0.98)	7	3 931(1.39)	7	4 520(1.39)	7	6 948(1.78)	6	6 127(2.15)	6
精神和行为障碍	82(0.19)	13	281(1.14)	6	3 663(1.30)	8	5 094(1.57)	6	5 571(1.43)	7	4 422(1.55)	7
内分泌和代谢	86(0.20)	12	117(0.48)	12	1 275(0.45)	10	2 823(0.87)	8	5 079(1.30)	8	2 777(0.97)	8
肿瘤	105(0.25)	11	132(0.54)	10	680(0.24)	11	1 877(0.58)	9	3 328(0.85)	9	1 426(0.50)	9
眼耳	260(0.61)	6	177(0.72)	9	1 308(0.46)	9	992(0.31)	11	648(0.17)	12	377(0.13)	12
血液和免疫	110(0.26)	10	126(0.51)	11	603(0.21)	12	744(0.23)	12	1 028(0.26)	10	689(0.24)	11
皮肤和皮下组织	187(0.44)	9	62(0.25)	13	328(0.12)	13	303(0.09)	13	683(0.18)	11	1 000(0.35)	10
传染病和寄生虫	229(0.54)	7	38(0.15)	14	202(0.07)	14	166(0.05)	14	296(0.08)	13	354(0.12)	13
结缔组织	6(0.01)	14	12(0.05)	15	85(0.03)	15	120(0.04)	15	228(0.06)	14	93(0.03)	14
其他	16 150(38.03)	-	1 883(7.65)	-	18 113(6.42)	-	27 882(8.59)	-	44 486(11.40)	-	44 664(15.64)	-
合计	42 464(100.00)	-	24 628(100.00)	-	282 345(100.00)	-	324 600(100.00)	-	390 230(100.00)	-	285 556(100.00)	-

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表 3 2013-2017年北京市120院前急救不同性别患者疾病谱及顺位

Table 3. The disease spectrum and sorting of Beijing 120 prehospital emergency patients from different gender groups from 2013 to 2017

疾病	男性		女性
疾病	n(%)	顺位	n(%)	顺位
损伤和中毒	248 653(32.30)	1	157 609(23.85)	1
循环系统	143 108(18.59)	2	132 204(20.00)	2
神经系统	122 266(15.88)	3	112 920(17.09)	3
呼吸系统	73 943(9.61)	4	58 823(8.90)	4
消化系统	55 347(7.19)	5	55 840(8.45)	5
产科	0(0.00)	15	39 390(5.96)	6
泌尿生殖系统	11 387(1.48)	6	11 133(1.68)	7
精神和行为障碍	9 957(1.29)	7	9 683(1.47)	8
内分泌和代谢	6 378(0.83)	8	6 008(0.91)	9
肿瘤	4 424(0.57)	9	3 220(0.49)	10
眼耳	2 490(0.32)	10	1 454(0.22)	12
血液和免疫	1 671(0.22)	11	1 683(0.25)	11
皮肤和皮下组织	1 314(0.17)	12	1 297(0.20)	13
传染病和寄生虫	720(0.09)	13	578(0.09)	14
结缔组织	196(0.03)	14	355(0.05)	15
其他	87 853(11.41)	-	68 673(10.39)	-
合计	769 707(100.00)	-	660 870(100.00)	-

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