2015年日喀则市南木林县藏族小学生营养状况分析

晋美扎巴; 巴桑片多; 张高辉; 梁静; 尼玛次仁

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.04.023

2015年日喀则市南木林县藏族小学生营养状况分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.04.023

1.
857000 日喀则, 西藏日喀则市疾病预防控制中心
2.
250014 济南, 山东省疾病预防控制中心

详细信息

通讯作者:
张高辉, E-mail: gaohui1221@sina.com

中图分类号: R181.22
计量
- 文章访问数: 246
- HTML全文浏览量: 75
- PDF下载量: 21
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-10-22
- 修回日期: 2019-01-13
- 刊出日期: 2019-04-10

Analysis of nutritional status of Tibetan primary school students in Namling County, Shigatse, 2015

1.
Shigatse Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Tibet, Shigatse 857000, China
2.
Department of Chronic Non-communicable Disease Control, Shandong Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shandong province, Jinan 250014, China

More Information

Corresponding author: ZHANG Gao-hui, E-mail: gaohui1221@sina.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解日喀则市南木林县小学生营养状况，为开展小学生营养卫生干预工作提供依据。方法采用随机整群抽样的方法，在日喀则市南木林县随机抽取5所小学，每个年级随机整群抽取1个班级，共调查1 097名7~12岁学生，并进行身高、体重测量。结果调查对象超重率为0.46%。营养不良率为32.27%，男生（36.61%）高于女生（27.75%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=9.847，P=0.002）；8岁年龄组营养不良率最低（25.00%），12岁年龄组营养不良率最高（53.38%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=37.808，P < 0.001）。生长迟缓率15.86%，男生（17.14%）和女生（14.53%）差异无统计学意义（χ²=1.408，P=0.235）；12岁组最高（31.76%），7岁组最低（9.66%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=34.206，P < 0.001）。消瘦率20.78%，男生（24.46%）高于女生（16.95%），差异有统计学意义（χ²=9.411，P=0.002）；各年龄组的消瘦率差异有统计学意义（χ²=25.493，P < 0.001）。结论南木林县小学生营养状况以营养不良最为突出，男生高于女生，并以生长迟缓和消瘦为主要特征。应积极开展营养知识宣教，改善学生营养状态。
- 学生 /
- 营养状况 /
- 营养不良 /
- 生长迟缓 /
- 消瘦
Abstract: Objective To understand the nutrition status of primary school students in Namling County of Shigatseand so as to provide references for nutrition health intervention for students. Methods By random cluster sampling, 5 primary schools were randomly selected, and 1 class was randomly selected from each grade. A total of 1097 subjects, aged from 7 to 12 years were selected and their height and weight were measured. Results The rate of overweight was 0.46%. The rate of malnutrition was 32.27%, and boys (36.61%) were higher than girls (27.75%) (χ²=9.847, P=0.002).The rate of malnutrition was the lowest (25.00%) in the 8 years old group, and the highest (53.38%) in 12 years old group (χ²=37.808, P < 0.001). The rate of stunting was 15.86%. There was no significant difference between boys (17.14%) and girls (14.53%) (χ²=1.408, P=0.235), and the highest (31.76%) in 12 years old group and the lowest (9.66%) in 7 years old group (χ²=34.206, P < 0.001). The rate of wasting was 20.78%, boys (24.46%) was higher than girls (16.95%) (χ²=9.411, P=0.002). There was significant difference among different age groups (χ²=25.493, P < 0.001). Conclusions Malnutrition is still a serious public health problem among students and the main characteristic was high-rate of stunting and wasting. It is necessary to strengthen nutrition education to improve the nutritional status of students.
- Students /
- Nutritional status /
- Malnutrition /
- Stunting /
- Wasting

HTML全文

表 1 调查对象不同性别、年龄构成情况

Table 1. The composition of the subjects in different sex and age

年龄段(岁)	男		女		合计
年龄段(岁)	人数	构成比(%)	人数	构成比(%)	人数	构成比(%)
7	72	12.86	73	13.59	145	13.22
8	103	18.39	101	18.81	204	18.60
9	122	21.79	110	20.48	232	21.15
10	98	17.50	117	21.79	215	19.60
11	78	13.93	75	13.97	153	13.95
12	87	15.54	61	11.36	148	13.49
合计	560	51.05	537	48.95	1097	100.00

下载: 导出CSV

表 2 不同性别、年龄学生各种营养不良分布情况

Table 2. Distribution of malnutrition among students of different sex and age

人群特征	营养不良[n(%)]	χ²值	P值	生长迟缓[n(%)]	χ²值	P值	消瘦[n(%)]	χ²值	P值
性别		9.847	0.002		1.408	0.235		9.411	0.002
男	205(36.61)			96(17.14)			137(24.46)
女	149(27.75)			78(14.53)			91(16.95)
年龄(岁)		37.808	＜0.001		34.206	＜0.001		25.493	＜0.001
7	42(28.97)			14(9.66)			33(22.76)
8	51(25.00)			28(13.73)			28(13.73)
9	65(28.02)			33(14.22)			40(17.24)
10	69(32.09)			30(13.95)			42(19.53)
11	48(31.37)			22(14.38)			34(22.22)
12	79(53.38)			47(31.76)			51(34.46)
合计	354(32.27)			174(15.86)			228(20.78)

下载: 导出CSV

参考文献(14)

[1]	董彦会, 王政和, 马军. 2005~2010我国7~12岁学生营养不良流行现状分析[J]. 营养学报, 2016, 38(5): 431-437. DOI: 10.13325/j.cnki.acta.nutr.sin.2016.05.008. Dong YH, Wang ZH, Ma J. Analysis of malnutrition prevalence among children aged 7-12 years from 2005 to 2010 in China[J]. Acta Nutrimenta Sinica, 2016, 38(5): 431-437. DOI: 10.13325/j.cnki.acta.nutr.sin.2016.05.008.
[2]	国家卫生计生委疾病预防控制局. 中国居民营养与慢性病状况报告2015年[M]. 北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2015: 2. Bureau of Disease Prevention and Control, National Health and Family Planning Commission. Chinese residents' nutrition and chronic diseases report, 2015[M]. Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 2015: 2.
[3]	陈贻珊, 张一民, 孔振兴, 等. 我国儿童青少年超重、肥胖流行现状调查[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2017, 21(9): 866-869. DOI: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.002. Chen YS, Zhang YM, Kong ZX, et al. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in children and adolescents in China[J]. Chin J Dis Control Prev, 2017, 21(9): 866-869. DOI: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2017.09.002.
[4]	胡小琪, 徐海泉, 李荔, 等. 中国贫困地区学生营养状况分析[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2014, 35(12): 1783-1785. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS201412013.htm Hu XQ, Xu HQ, Li L, et al. Nutritional status among students in poor areas[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2014, 35(12): 1783-1785. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-XIWS201412013.htm
[5]	杜文雯, 张兵, 苏畅, 等. 贫困地区5岁以下儿童营养状况对智力发育的影响研究[J]. 中国健康教育, 2011, 27(6): 408-411. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK201106002.htm Du WW, Zhang B, Su C, et al. Effects of nutritional status on intelligence development of children under 5 years old in poverty areas[J]. Chinese Journal of Health Education, 2011, 27(6): 408-411. https://www.cnki.com.cn/Article/CJFDTOTAL-ZGJK201106002.htm
[6]	中国肥胖问题工作组. 中国学龄儿童青少年超重、肥胖筛查体重指数值分类标准[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2004, 31(22): 112-114. DOI: 10.3760/j.issn:0254-6450.2004.02.003. Group of China Obesity Task Force. Body mass index reference norm for screening overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2004, 31(22): 112-114. DOI: 10.3760/j.issn:0254-6450.2004.02.003.
[7]	季成叶. 儿童少年卫生学[M]. 第7版北京: 人民卫生出版社, 2012: 139. Ji CY. Child and Adolescent Hygiene[M]. 7th edition Beijing: People's Medical Publishing House, 2012: 139.
[8]	张倩, 胡小琪, 赵文华, 等. 我国中小学生营养现状及改善建议[J]. 中国学校卫生, 2016, 37(5): 641-643. DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.05.001. Zhang Q, Hu XQ, Zhao WH, et al. Nutrition status and improvement suggestions of primary and secondary school students in China[J]. Chin J Sch Health, 2016, 37(5): 641-643. DOI: 10.16835/j.cnki.1000-9817.2016.05.001.
[9]	杨胜文, 林先燕, 陈建琴, 等. 少数民族地区小学生营养状况及其影响因素[J]. 中国妇幼保健, 2008, 23(13): 1803-1804. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4411.2008.13.022. Yang SW, Lin XY, Chen JQ, et al. Nutritional status andinfluencing factors of pupils in minority areas[J]. Chin Matern Child Health Care, 2008, 23(13): 1803-1804. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.1001-4411.2008.13.022.
[10]	蒲柳艳, 陈黎, 王硕佳, 等. 浙江省某市2002-2015年婴幼儿营养状况分析[J]. 中华疾病控制, 2018, 33(6): 621-625. DOI: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.06.019. Pu LY, Chen L, Wang SJ, et al. Nutrition status of infants in a city of Zhejiang Province from 2002 to 2015[J]. Chin J Dis Control Prev, 2018, 33(6): 621-625. DOI: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2018.06.019.
[11]	苏虹, 单晓伟. 中小学生饮食行为现状及其影响因素研究进展[J]. 中华流行病学杂志, 2011, 32(8): 751-755. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2011.08.003. Su H, Shan XW. Research on the influencing factors of dietary behaviors among school students[J]. Chin J Epidemiol, 2011, 32(8): 751-755. DOI: 10.3760/cma.j.issn.0254-6450.2011.08.003.
[12]	刘凤奎, 罗意帆, 王国兴. 消瘦的临床诊断思路[J]. 中国临床医生杂志, 2017, 45(12): 14-15. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-8552.2017.12.004. Liu FK, Luo YF, Wang GX. Clinical diagnosis of wasting[J]. Chinese Journal for Clinicians, 2017, 45(12): 14-15. DOI: 10.3969/j.issn.2095-8552.2017.12.004.
[13]	联合国粮食及农业组织. 营养问题罗马宣言[EB/OL]. (2014-11-17)[2018-8-4]. http://www.fao.org/resources/infographics/infographics-details/zh/c/266122/. Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations. Rome Declaration on Nutrition[EB/OL]. (2014-11-17)[2018-8-4]. http://www.fao.org/resources/infographics/infographics-details/zh/c/266122/.
[14]	中共中央, 国务院. 健康中国2030"规划纲要[EB/OL]. (2016-10-25)[2018-8-4]. http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/guihuaxxs/s3586s/201610/21d120c917284007ad9c7aa8e9634bb4.shtml. Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, State Council. "Health China 2030" plan[EB/OL]. (2016-10-25)[2018-8-4]. http://www.nhfpc.gov.cn/guihuaxxs/s3586s/201610/21d120c917284007ad9c7aa8e9634bb4.shtml.