广西城市居民肿瘤防治健康素养现状和影响因素

吴妮; 黄开勇; 杨莉

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.06.018

广西城市居民肿瘤防治健康素养现状和影响因素

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.06.018

530021 南宁市, 广西医科大学公共卫生学院职业卫生与职业医学教研室

基金项目:

"国家重大公共卫生服务项目"广西子项目 2016年

详细信息

通讯作者:
杨莉, E-mail: yangli8290@hotmail.com

中图分类号: R181
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- 文章访问数: 268
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- PDF下载量: 21
- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-11-21
- 修回日期: 2019-03-22
- 刊出日期: 2019-06-10

Analysis on health literacy and its influencing factors about cancer prevention and control among urban residents in Guangxi

Department of Occupational Health and Occupational Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China

Funds:

National Major Public Health Service Project of China Guangxi Subproject 2016年

More Information

Corresponding author: YANG Li, E-mail: yangli8290@hotmail.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解广西城市居民肿瘤防治健康素养现状和影响因素。方法采用国家城市癌症早诊早治项目提供的肿瘤防治健康素养调查表作为调查问卷，由调查人员采用多阶段分层整群随机抽样的方法从广西城市居民选取调查对象，以面对面的形式进行问卷调查。结果广西城市居民肿瘤防治健康素养率为7.5%，单因素分析表明性别、年龄、文化程度、职业、家庭收入都是肿瘤健康素养水平影响因素（均有P < 0.05），其中女性高于男性，40~岁组最高，≥ 60岁组最低，企事业单位人员/公务员高于其它各职业人员，家庭收入大于8万高于其它各收入组，文化程度越高则健康素养水平越高；肿瘤预防意识和早发现、早诊断、早治疗两个维度的肿瘤防治健康素养水平分别为57.2%和17%；多因素Logistic分析结果显示，性别、家庭收入和职业是肿瘤健康素养的独立影响因素（均有P < 0.05）。结论广西城市居民肿瘤防治健康素养水平较低，肿瘤预防意识和早发现早诊断早治疗意识发展不平衡，性别、家庭收入和职业是肿瘤健康素养的独立影响因素。
- 健康素养 /
- 肿瘤防治 /
- 影响因素
Abstract: Objective To investigate health literacy and its influencing factors about the cancer prevention and control among urban residents in Guangxi. Methods Guangxi urban residents were selected by using multi-stage hierarchical cluster random sampling. Health Literacy resident cancer prevention and health literacy questionnaire, which was provided by National Urban Cancer Early Diagnosis and Treatment Project, were used for the face-to-face interview among participants. Results Among all the residents included in this study, 7.5% had health literacy. Univariate analysis showed that gender, age, education, occupation, family income were influencing factors of health literacy(all P < 0.05). The level of health literacy of female was higher than that of male. People aged 40-59 years old had the highest health literacy levels, while people aged 60 years old and above had the lowest health literacy levels. Business personnel and civil servant had higher health literacy levels than other professional staffs. The level of health literacy of residents with annual household income more than 8 ten thousand yuan was higher than that of other residents. Those with higher educational levels had better health literacy levels. Cancer prevention awareness and early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment awareness, two dimensions of cancer prevention and health literacy, was 57.2% and 17%, respectively. Logistic regression analysis indicated that gender, household income and occupation were independent factors influencing cancer prevention and health literacy in Guangxi urban residents. Conclusion The cancer prevention and health literacy levels of Guangxi urban residents are low and the development of cancer prevention awareness and early detection, early diagnosis, early treatment awareness is unbalanced. Gender, household income and profession are three independent factors influencing cancer prevention and health literacy.
- Health literacy /
- Tumor prevention and control /
- Influence factor

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表 1 广西城市居民肿瘤防治调查对象人口学特征

Table 1. Demographic characteristics of urban residents' tumor prevention and treatment in Guangxi

分类	人数	构成比(%)
性别
男	2 153	58.0
女	1 560	42.0
年龄(岁)
18~	1 483	39.9
40~	1 792	48.3
≥60	438	11.8
文化程度
未正式上过学	38	1.0
小学	231	6.2
初中	673	18.1
高中/中专	1 078	29.1
大学/大专及以上	1 693	45.6
职业
企事业单位人员/公务员	2 459	66.2
个体/自由职业者	515	13.9
农民/农民工	425	11.4
退休	236	6.4
其他	78	2.1
家庭年收入(万元)
＜3.9	1 122	30.2
4.0~	708	19.1
6.0~	632	17.0
≥8.0	755	20.3
不清楚或无法提供	496	13.4

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表 2 广西城市居民肿瘤防治健康素养水平分布

Table 2. Distribution of tumor prevention and treatment health literacy level among urban residents in Guangxi

分类	具备肿瘤防治健康素养人数	肿瘤防治健康素养率(%)	χ²值	P值
性别			22.705	＜0.001
男	124	5.8
女	155	10.0
年龄(岁)			11.814	＜0.001
18~	111	7.5
40~	152	8.5
≥60	16	3.7
文化程度			28.109	＜0.001
未正式上过学	2	5.3
小学	2	0.9
初中	36	5.3
高中/中专	80	7.4
大学/大专及以上	159	9.4
职业			36.698	＜0.001
企事业单位人员/公务员	225	9.6
个体户/自由职业者	24	4.7
农民/农民工	7	1.6
退休	18	7.6
其他	5	6.4
家庭年收入(万元)			63.791	＜0.001
＜3.9	78	7.0
4.0~	35	4.9
6.0~	58	9.2
≥8.0	98	13.0
不清楚或无法提供	10	2.0

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表 3 广西城市居民二个维度肿瘤防治健康素养水平分布[n(%)]

Table 3. The distribution of tumor prevention and treatment health literacy level in two dimensions among urban residents in Guangxi[n(%)]

变量	预防意识			早发现早诊断早治疗意识
变量	n(%)	χ²值	P值	n(%)	χ²值	P值
性别		679.818	< 0.001		34.002	< 0.001
男	843(39.2)			433(20.1)
女	1 280(82.1)			200(12.8)
年龄(岁)		9.709	0.008		19.723	< 0.001
18~	876(69.3)			263(17.7)
40~	1025(57.2)			328(18.3)
≥60	222(50.7)			42(9.5)
文化程度		82.233	< 0.001		27.742	< 0.001
未正式上过学	22(57.8)			8(21.1)
小学	108(46.8)			14(6.1)
初中	324(48.1)			98(14.6)
高中/中专	570(52.9)			206(19.1)
大学/大专及以上	1099(64.9)			307(18.1)
职业		24.589	< 0.001		90.844	< 0.001
企事业单位人员/公务员	1433(58.3)			519(21.1)
个体户/自由职业者	289(56.2)			51(9.9)
农民/农民工	202(47.5)			25(5.9)
退休	155(65.7)			31(13.1)
其它	44(56.4)			7(9.0)
家庭收入(万元)		23.256	< 0.001		65.748	< 0.001
≤3.9	620(55.3)			218(19.4)
4.0~	391(55.2)			93(13.1)
6.0~	341(53.9)			118(18.6)
≥8.0	489(64.7)			170(22.5)
不清楚或无法提供	282(56.9)			34(6.8)

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表 4 广西城市居民肿瘤防治健康素养水平的多因素Logistic回归分析

Table 4. Multivariate logistic regression analysis of cancer prevention and treatment health literacy of urban residents in Guangxi

变量	β值	s_x	χ²值	OR(95%CI)值	P值
常数	-2.466	0.775	10.119	0.085	0.001
性别
男				1.000
女	0.715	0.131	29.814	2.044(1.582~2.643)	< 0.001
年龄(岁)
18~				1.000
40~	0.267	0.139	3.697	1.306(0.995~1.715)	0.055
≥60	-0.238	0.371	0.412	0.788(0.381~1.630)	0.521
职业
企事业单位人员/公务员				1.000
个体户/自由职业者	-0.880	0.237	13.828	0.415(0.261~0.660)	< 0.001
农民/农民工	-1.355	0.420	10.426	0.258(0.113~0.587)	0.001
退休	0.133	0.345	0.149	1.142(0.581~2.244)	0.700
其他	-0.418	0.481	0.756	0.658(0.258~1.689)	0.385
文化程度
未正式上过学				1.000
小学	-1.816	1.030	3.105	0.163(0.220~1.226)	0.078
初中	-0.387	0.778	0.247	0.679(0.148~3.121)	0.619
高中/中专	-0.187	0.772	0.059	0.830(0.183~3.766)	0.809
大学/大专及以上	-0.231	0.770	0.090	0.793(0.175~3.591)	0.764
家庭收入(万元)
< 3.9				1.000
4.0~	-0.508	0.217	5.479	0.602(0.393~0.921)	0.019
6.0~	0.114	0.192	0.352	1.121(0.769~1.633)	0.553
≥8.0	0.505	0.177	8.173	1.657(1.172~2.342)	0.004
不清楚或无法提供	-1.478	0.346	18.222	0.228(0.116~0.450)	< 0.001

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