天津市非水源性高碘地区成人碘营养状况及总膳食碘折算方法

辛鹏; 郑文龙; 常改; 李静; 潘怡; 王冲; 李昌昆; 江国虹

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.08.023

天津市非水源性高碘地区成人碘营养状况及总膳食碘折算方法

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.08.023

300011 天津, 天津市疾病预防控制中心

详细信息

通讯作者:
江国虹. E-mail: jiangguohongtjcdc@126.com

中图分类号: R151.4
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2018-10-11
- 修回日期: 2019-03-01
- 刊出日期: 2019-08-10

Study on iodine nutritional status and total dietary iodine conversion methods of Tianjin adults from non-water-borne high iodine areas

Tianjin Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Tianjin 300011, China

More Information

Corresponding author: JIANG Guo-hong. E-mail: jiangguohongtjcdc@126.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解天津市非水源性高碘地区成人居民碘营养状况及来源分布，并比较3 d膳食调查法和24 h尿碘法折算总膳食碘的方法学差异。方法根据中国成人慢性病与营养监测方案，在天津市河西区、南开区、红桥区、武清区、津南区、宝坻区、蓟州区共计调查1 634名成人，使用3 d膳食回顾法和调味品称重法相结合获得总膳食碘状况，描述居民碘营养状况及各部分碘的贡献率，从中随机抽取403名调查者收集24 h尿液进行尿碘检测，比较3 d膳食调查法和尿碘折算法估计总膳食碘的方法学差异。结果天津市非水源性高碘地区成人居民总膳食碘摄入量为207.13 μg/标准人日，70.3%的被调查者处于碘适宜状态；盐碘是总膳食碘最主要的来源（78.2%），其次是食物碘（13.2%）和水碘（8.6%）；整体上看，3 d膳食调查法比24 h尿碘折算法高估约10%。结论天津市非水源性高碘地区成人居民碘营养状况总体处于适宜水平，盐碘是膳食碘最主要的来源，3 d膳食调查法和24 h尿碘折算法估计总膳食碘摄入量差异不大。
- 成人居民 /
- 碘营养状况 /
- 总膳食碘 /
- 贡献率
Abstract: Objective To understand the iodine nutritional status and source distribution of residents aged 18 and above in non-water-borne high iodine areas in Tianjin, and compare the methodological difference between the 3 d dietary survey method and the 24 h urine iodine method when calculate total dietary iodine. Methods According to the Chinese adult chronic disease and nutrition surveillance program, a total of 1 634 inhabitants aged 18 and above were enrolled from Hexi, Nankai, Hongqiao, Wuqing, Jinnan, Baodi and Jizhou district of Tianjin. The total dietary iodine intake was obtained with 3 d dietary recall and condiment weighing method, And the iodine nutritional status of adult residents in Tianjin and iodine contribution rate of each part were described.403 investigators were randomly selected from the 1 634 inhabitants mentioned above for 24 h urine iodine concentration detection, and the difference between 3 d dietary survey method and urine iodine conversion method when calculate total dietary iodine were compared. Results The median dietary iodine intake of adult residents in non-water-borne high iodine areas of Tianjin was 207.13 μg/standard person day, 70.3%respondents were in iodine adequate state. It was found that salt iodine is the main source of total dietary iodine (78.2%), followed by food iodine (13.2%) and water iodine (8.6%). Overall, the dietary iodine intake estimated by 3 d dietary survey method was higher about 10% compared with the result estimated by 24 h urine iodine concentration. Conclusions The adults in the non-water-borne high iodine areas in Tianjin was generally in iodine adequate state. Salt iodine is still the main source of dietary iodine, and little difference is found about the total dietary iodine intake estimated by 3 d dietary survey and 24 h urine iodine conversion method.
- Adults /
- Iodine nutritional status /
- Total dietary iodine /
- Contribution rate

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表 1 天津市非水源性高碘地区成人居民总膳食碘摄入状况(μg/标准人日)

Table 1. The total dietary iodine intake of adult residents in non-water-borne high iodine areas of Tianjin(μg/standard person day)

组别	城镇		农村		合计		χ²值	P值
组别	调查人数	总膳食碘M(Q)	调查人数	总膳食碘M(Q)	调查人数	总膳食碘M(Q)	χ²值	P值
性别
男性	482	222.30(197.73)	320	200.12(203.27)	802	213.98(203.74)	9.596	0.002
女性	545	205.31(188.04)	287	182.75(201.69)	832	198.31(197.39)	8.309	0.004
χ²值		2.488		0.792		2.396
P值		0.115		0.373		0.122
年龄(岁)
18~	236	211.02(175.46)	187	179.43(185.17)	423	202.79(167.62)	5.699	0.017
45~	361	211.63(195.67)	193	181.09(211.27)	554	198.73(193.54)	10.077	0.002
≥60	430	221.00(206.04)	227	205.07(220.18)	657	213.86(214.90)	2.380	0.123
χ²值		0.479		3.858		3.644
P值		0.787		0.145		0.162
合计	1 027	214.19(196.32)	607	189.63(204.11)	1 634	207.13(196.27)	17.153	< 0.001

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表 2 天津市非水源性高碘地区成人居民总膳食碘营养状况分布[n(%)]

Table 2. The distribution of total dietary iodine nutritional status of adult residents in non-water-borne high iodine areas of Tianjin[n(%)]

组别	总膳食碘营养状况分布				合计	χ²值	P值
组别	< EAR	EAR~RNI	RNI~UL	≥UL	合计	χ²值	P值
地区						20.481	< 0.001
城镇	129(12.6)	91(8.9)	750(73.0)	57(5.6)	1 027(62.9)
农村	125(20.6)	58(9.6)	399(65.7)	25(4.1)	607(37.1)
性别						3.057	0.383
男性	120(15.0)	67(8.4)	569(70.9)	46(5.7)	802(49.1)
女性	134(16.1)	82(9.9)	580(69.7)	36(4.3)	832(50.9)
年龄(岁)						10.743	0.097
18~	65(15.4)	36(8.5)	302(71.4)	20(4.7)	423(25.9)
45~	94(17.0)	43(7.8)	398(71.8)	19(3.4)	554(33.9)
≥60	95(14.5)	70(10.7)	449(68.3)	43(6.5)	657(40.2)
合计	254(15.5)	149(9.1)	1 149(70.3)	82(5.0)	1 634(100.0)

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表 3 天津市非水源性高碘地区成人居民总膳食碘中不同来源碘的贡献率(μg/标准人日)

Table 3. Contribution rate from different sources intotal dietary iodine of adult residents in non-water-borne high iodine area of Tianjin(μg/standard person day)

组别	n	水碘摄碘量		食物碘摄碘量		食盐摄碘量		三者之和(μg/标准人日)
组别	n	M	贡献率(%)	M	贡献率(%)	M	贡献率(%)	三者之和(μg/标准人日)
地区
城镇	1 027	15.19	7.8	28.18	14.5	150.47	77.6	193.84
农村	607	17.97	10.5	19.78	11.6	132.85	77.9	170.60
性别
男性	802	15.51	8.1	23.37	12.2	153.05	79.7	191.93
女性	832	15.98	9.0	25.05	14.1	136.52	76.9	177.55
年龄(岁)
18~	423	14.02	7.7	22.16	12.2	145.21	80.1	181.39
45~	554	16.30	9.3	24.27	13.9	134.72	76.9	175.29
≥60	657	16.88	8.7	26.30	13.5	151.31	77.8	194.49
合计	1 634	15.81	8.6	24.25	13.2	143.72	78.2	183.78

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表 4 3 d膳食调查法和24 h尿碘折算法所得总膳食碘摄入量结果比较(μg/标准人日)

Table 4. Comparison of the total dietary iodine intake estimated by 3 d dietary survey and 24 h urine iodine conversion method(μg/standard person day)

组别	例数	3 d膳食调查法[M(Q)]	24 h尿碘折算法[M(Q)]	Z值	P值	差值	高估百分比(%)
地区
城镇	251	224.00(204.39)	202.20(165.03)	-4.598	< 0.001	21.80	10.8
农村	152	173.93(187.77)	164.11(155.77)	-1.874	0.061	9.82	6.0
性别
男性	193	211.93(219.19)	199.95(171.16)	-1.316	0.188	11.98	6.0
女性	210	192.97(213.01)	168.03(146.09)	-2.327	0.020	24.94	14.8
年龄(岁)
18~	99	224.24(212.82)	178.20(144.39)	-2.000	0.046	46.04	25.8
45~	125	197.98(196.58)	199.95(147.50)	-1.105	0.269	-1.97	-1.0
60	179	194.05(217.82)	150.28(174.17)	-1.475	0.140	43.77	29.1
合计	403	205.07(214.60)	186.09(158.33)	-2.590	0.010	18.98	10.2

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