烟台市青年学生艾滋病综合干预模式效果评价

林荣; 程晓松; 姜聚军; 薛建; 于相冬; 孙皓钰; 王茂波

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.12.007

烟台市青年学生艾滋病综合干预模式效果评价

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2019.12.007

264003 烟台, 烟台市疾病预防控制中心艾滋病防治科

基金项目:

山东省医药卫生科技发展计划项目 2017WS391

烟台市科技计划项目 2016WS058

详细信息

通讯作者:
王茂波, E-mail: ytwmb@sina.com

中图分类号: R512.91
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-01-24
- 修回日期: 2019-04-15
- 刊出日期: 2019-12-10

Effect evaluation of compreherive intervention model for HIV/AIDS among college students in Yantai

Department of AIDS Control and Prevention, Yantai City Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Yantai 264003, China

Funds:

Shandong Medical Health Technology Development Project 2017WS391

Yantai Science and Technology Project 2016WS058

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Mao-bo, E-mail: ytwmb@sina.com

摘要

摘要: 目的评估烟台市青年学生艾滋病综合干预模式实施效果，为制定艾滋病防治策略提供科学依据。方法采用整群抽样对2016级四所高校新生2 000人进行纵向调查，采用广义估计方程分析目标人群艾滋病相关知识、态度、行为等方面的变化趋势，对高校领导等进行个人深入访谈。结果三次调查青年学生艾滋病知晓率分别为70.4%、85.9%、95.8%，广义估计方程分析显示目标人群艾滋病知识总知晓率呈逐年上升趋势（Z=-23.42，P < 0.001）。不同类型性行为的发生率维持在较低水平，且未见明显趋势变化，多因素Logistic回归分析模型显示，男性、不知晓艾滋病防治知识、未接受过有关预防艾滋病的宣传服务、未参与过有关预防艾滋病宣传服务的青年学生性行为的发生率更高（均有P < 0.05）。访谈结果显示，与2016年基线调查相比，目前四所高校已有三所学校将艾滋病健康教育纳入教学计划，学校艾滋病疫情通报制度已全面落实。结论烟台市高校新生艾滋病知识知晓率相对较低，实施综合干预、建立多部门合作机制是提高在校青年学生艾滋病防治知识、促进安全性行为的最有力措施。
- 艾滋病 /
- 综合干预 /
- 青年学生 /
- 评价
Abstract: Objective To study the effect of AIDS intervention programs among college students, and to provide fundamental support for the formulating of AIDS prevention strategies. Methods A cluster sampling methods was used to conduct a longitudinal follow-up survey among 2 000 freshmen from four colleges in Yantai in 2016, The knowledge, attitudes and behaviors related to AIDS were analyzed by generalized estimating equation analysis method. We also conducted in-depth personal interviews among university leaders. Results The awareness rate of AIDS among young students in Yantai was 70.4%, 85.9%, and 95.8%, respectively. The generalized estimating equation showed that the total awareness rate of AIDS knowledge increased year by year (Z=-23.42, P < 0.001). The occurrence of different types of sexual behaviors maintained at a low level, and no obvious trend changes were observed. Multivariate Logistic regression showed that a high occurrence of sexual behaviors among young college students was found related to male, poor knowledge of AIDS prevention, having not received public services related to AIDS prevention, and having not participated in public services related to AIDS prevention (all P < 0.05). Interview results showed that, three of the four colleges have included AIDS health education into their teaching plans, and the AIDS epidemic notification system has been fully implemented. Conclusions The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge among college freshmen in Yantai is relatively low. Implementing comprehensive intervention measures and establishing a multi-sectoral cooperation mechanism are the most effective measures to improve the knowledge of AIDS prevention, and promote safe sexual behaviors among young college students.
- Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome /
- Comprehensive intervention measures /
- College students /
- Effect assessment

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表 1 2016-2018年烟台市青年学生艾滋病知识知晓变化情况[n(%)]

Table 1. The awareness rate of AIDS knowledge among college students in Yantai from 2016 to 2018[n(%)]

艾滋病知识	2016年 (n=1 947)	2017年 (n=1 952)	2018年 (n=1 945)	Z值	P值
艾滋病是一种不可治愈的严重传染病	1 435(73.7)	1 558(79.8)	1 718(88.3)	-13.00	< 0.001
目前我国青年学生中艾滋病流行呈快速增长趋势，主要传播方式为男男同性性行为，其次为异性性行为	799(41.0)	1 214(62.2)	1 478(76.0)	-24.13	< 0.001
通过外表不可以判断一个人是否感染艾滋病	1 657(85.1)	1 759(90.1)	1 821(93.6)	-9.93	< 0.001
日常生活和学习接触不会感染艾滋病	1 710(87.8)	1 730(88.6)	1 816(93.4)	-0.74	0.462
坚持正确使用安全套可以减少感染和传播艾滋病的风险	1 526(78.4)	1 746(89.4)	1 817(93.4)	-14.50	< 0.001
使用新型毒品(如冰毒、摇头丸、K粉等)会增加感染艾滋病的风险	1 428(73.3)	1 597(81.8)	1 675(86.1)	-12.53	< 0.001
发生高危行为后(共用针具吸毒/不安全性行为等)，应主动寻求艾滋病检测与咨询	1 838(94.4)	1 869(95.7)	1 915(98.5)	-7.11	< 0.001
艾滋病病毒感染者的结婚/就业/入学等权益受我国法律保护	1 403(72.1)	1 581(81.0)	1 676(86.2)	-10.96	< 0.001
合计(答对6个问题及以上者)	1 371(70.4)	1 676(85.9)	1 864(95.8)	-23.42	< 0.001

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表 2 2018年烟台市青年学生发生性行为的多因素Logistic回归分析

Table 2. Multiple Logistic regression analysis of related factors on sexual behavior among young students in Yantai in 2018

变量	β值	s_x	Wald值	P值	OR(95% CI)值
性别
男					1.000
女	-1.625	0.273	35.329	< 0.001	0.197(0.115~0.337)
专业
文史类					1.000
理工类	-0.786	0.675	1.353	0.245	0.456(0.121~1.713)
医学类	-0.685	0.594	1.332	0.249	0.504(0.157~1.614)
艺术类	-0.216	0.629	0.118	0.731	0.805(0.235~2.763)
体育类	0.706	0.630	1.256	0.262	2.025(0.589~6.957)
艾滋病知识得分(分)
＜6					1.000
≥6	-1.782	0.314	32.248	< 0.001	0.168(0.091~0.311)
是否接受过宣传服务
否					1.000
是	-0.783	0.268	8.526	0.004	0.457(0.270~0.773)
是否参与过宣传服务
否					1.000
是	-0.679	0.270	6.336	0.012	0.507(0.299~0.861)

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