Analysis of HIV infection status and factors among men who have sex with men in Guangzhou
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摘要:
目的 了解广州市男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)的人类免疫缺陷病毒(human immunodeficiency virus,HIV)感染现况,并分析影响因素。 方法 2014-2017年连续四年对广州市MSM进行面对面问卷调查,采集静脉血检测HIV抗体和采用SPSS 19.0软件分析资料。 结果 本次研究共调查2 419例MSM,HIV确证阳性200例,感染率为8.27%。多因素Logistic逐步回归分析结果显示,以广州市和月经济收入>0.5万元为参照,非广州市(OR=1.712,95% CI:1.176~2.492,P=0.005)和月经济收入≤ 0.5万元(OR=1.998,95% CI:1.409~2.833,P < 0.001)与MSM感染HIV存在关联。MSM被诊断为梅毒(OR=2.461,95% CI:1.375~4.405,P=0.002)和没检测梅毒(OR=2.333,95% CI:1.635~3.331,P < 0.001)、肛交角色为被动(OR=2.015,95% CI:1.244~3.267,P=0.004)和主动被动均有(OR=2.115,95% CI:1.374~3.251,P=0.001)、肛交时非每次使用安全套(OR=1.955,95% CI:1.374~2.781,P < 0.001)、肛交对象非固定(OR=2.150,95% CI:1.463~3.160,P < 0.001)是MSM感染HIV的主要危险因素。 结论 广州市MSM人群HIV感染率和高危性行为发生率高,亟需在MSM人群中扩大HIV检测范围和倡导安全性行为。 Abstract:Objective To understand infection status of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and analyze the influencing factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Guangzhou. Methods Men who have sex with men (MSM) were recruited from 2014 to 2017. Face-to-face questionnaire survey was conducted to collect information of characterisitc and behaviors. Blood samples were used to detect HIV antibodie. Data were analyzed using SPSS 19.0. Results Among 2 419 MSM, 200(8.27%) participants were confirmed positive for HIV. Multivariate Logistic regression analysis showed that with Guangzhou and monthly economic income >0.5 million as reference, non-Guangzhou (OR=1.712, 95% CI: 1.176-2.492, P=0.005) and monthly economic income ≤ 0.5 million (OR=1.998, 95% CI: 1.409-2.833, P < 0.001) were associated with HIV infection among MSM. Diagnosed syphilis (OR=2.461, 95% CI: 1.375-4.405, P=0.002), undetected syphilis (OR=2.333, 95% CI: 1.635-3.331, P < 0.001), anal sex role passive (OR=2.015, 95% CI: 1.244-3.267, P=0.004), both active and passive (OR=2.115, 95% CI: 1.374-3.251, P=0.001), non-using condoms every time during anal sex (OR=1.955, 95% CI: 1.374-2.781, P < 0.001), non-fixed anal sex objects (OR=2.150, 95% CI: 1.463-3.160, P < 0.001) were major risk factors for HIV infection among MSM. Conclusions The prevalance of HIV infection and high-risk sexual behavior were high among MSM in Guangzhou. It is urgent to expand the scope of HIV testing and advocate safe sexual behaviors among MSM. -
表 1 MSM人群感染HIV单因素分析
Table 1. Univariate analysis of HIV infection in MSM population
影响因素 调查
人数(人)HIV阳性
人数[n(%)]χ2值 P值 年份(年) 3.578 0.311 2014 941 67 (7.12) 2015 301 28 (9.30) 2016 391 39 (9.97) 2017 786 66 (8.40) 年龄(岁) 3.752 0.053 ≤30 1 705 129 (7.57) >30 714 71 (9.94) 籍贯 7.907 0.005 广州市 823 50 (6.08) 非广州市 1 596 150 (9.40) 婚姻 4.190 0.041 已婚 396 43 (10.86) 其他 2 023 157 (7.76) 文化程度 21.019 < 0.001 中学及以下 352 51 (14.49) 高中及以上 2 067 149 (7.21) 职业 22.079 < 0.001 公务员/技术人员 482 31 (6.43) 商业服务业/工人/农民 927 103 (11.11) 待业/退休/自由职业 620 51 (8.23) 学生 390 15 (3.85) 月经济收入(万元) 19.394 < 0.001 ≤0.5 1 347 141 (10.47) >0.5 1 072 59 (5.50) 对同性恋态度 3.326 0.068 赞成 1 674 127 (7.59) 非赞成 745 73 (9.80) 自己性倾向 2.714 0.257 异性恋 101 4 (3.96) 同性恋 1 541 128 (8.31) 双性恋 777 68 (8.75) 对商业性行为态度 0.026 0.871 赞成 250 20 (8.00) 非赞成 2 169 180 (8.30) 首次性行为年龄(岁) 0.143 0.705 ≤20 1 180 95 (8.05) >20 1 239 105 (8.47) 是否有饮酒习惯 4.058 0.044 是 1 046 100 (9.56) 否 1 373 100 (7.28) 是否因钱提供性服务 0.102 0.749 是 87 8 (9.20) 否 2 332 192 (8.23) 是否吸毒 0.042 0.838 是 161 14 (8.70) 否 2 258 186 (8.24) 是否被诊断过梅毒 47.056 < 0.001 是 107 20 (18.69) 否 1 874 117 (6.24) 不知道,没查过 438 63 (14.38) 是否被诊断梅毒外性病 28.385 < 0.001 是 143 18 (12.59) 否 1 620 100 (6.17) 不知道,没查过 656 82 (12.50) 配偶或性伴是否被诊断
过梅毒26.130 < 0.001 是 52 6 (11.54) 否 1 405 82 (5.84) 不知道 962 112 (11.64) 肛交时通常扮演的角色a 19.527 < 0.001 主动 654 31 (4.74) 被动 520 49 (9.42) 两者均有 897 99 (11.04) 肛交时使用安全套频率a 23.364 < 0.001 每次使用 920 49 (5.33) 经常使用 1 097 125 (11.39) 从不使用 54 5 (9.26) 发生肛交的频率a 7.008 0.030 每周≤2次 461 29 (6.29) 每周≥3次 75 11 (14.67) 规律不定 1 535 139 (9.06) 肛交对象固定与否a 20.264 < 0.001 固定 748 37 (4.95) 非固定 1 323 142 (10.73) 注:a最近半年内发生肛交性行为有2 071例。 表 2 MSM人群感染HIV多因素分析
Table 2. Multivariate analysis of HIV infection in MSM population
影响因素 β值 sx Wald值 OR(95% CI)值 P值 籍贯 广州市 1.000 非广州市 0.538 0.191 7.888 1.712(1.176~2.492) 0.005 职业 公务员/技术
人员1.000 商业服务业/
工人/农民0.265 0.228 1.352 1.304(0.834~2.038) 0.245 待业/退休/自
由职业0.085 0.250 0.114 1.088(0.666~1.778) 0.736 学生 -1.187 0.375 10.008 0.305(0.146~0.637) 0.002 月经济收入(万元) >0.5 1.000 ≤0.5 0.692 0.178 15.087 1.998(1.409~2.833) < 0.001 是否被诊断梅毒 否 1.000 是 0.900 0.297 9.188 2.461(1.375~4.405) 0.002 没检测 0.847 0.182 21.769 2.333(1.635~3.331) < 0.001 肛交角色 主动 1.000 被动 0.701 0.246 8.093 2.015(1.244~3.267) 0.004 两者均有 0.749 0.219 11.676 2.115(1.376~3.251) 0.001 肛交时使用安全
套频率每次使用 1.000 非每次使用 0.670 0.180 13.892 1.955(1.374~2.781) < 0.001 肛交对象固定与否 固定 1.000 非固定 0.766 0.196 15.198 2.150(1.463~3.160) < 0.001 -
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