Demand for non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis services for HIV and associated factors among men who have sex with men in Liuzhou, Guangxi
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摘要:
目的 分析广西柳州市男男性行为者(men who have sex with men,MSM)对艾滋病非职业性暴露后预防(non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis,nPEP)服务的需求及相关的影响因素。 方法 在广西柳州市招募符合纳入标准的MSM。采用面对面调查的方式,收集社会人口学信息、艾滋病相关知识的认知、高危行为史、对nPEP服务的认知和需求等信息。运用χ2检验分析不同特征和具有不同高危行为的MSM对nPEP服务需求差异,继而运用Log-binomial回归模型分析nPEP服务需求的影响因素,计算现患比(prevalence ratio,PR)和95%置信区间(confidence interval,CI)。 结果 MSM人群中有31.1%听说过nPEP服务,告知nPEP服务的相关保护效果后,需要该项服务的占61.6%;58.6%的MSM在发生高危行为后,会花钱购买nPEP服务。Log-binomial回归分析显示,调查对象的文化程度为大专及以上(PR=2.743,95% CI:1.996~3.450)、对当地MSM艾滋病疫情的感知不严重或不知道(PR=0.211,95% CI:0.112~0.294)、半年内临时性伴个数为2个及以上(PR=3.642,95% CI:2.223~4.842)为调查对象对nPEP服务需求的影响因素。 结论 广西柳州地区的MSM人群对于nPEP服务有一定的需要,应结合当地情况尽早推行nPEP服务,加强相应的宣教,以降低艾滋病对MSM人群的危害。 Abstract:Objective To analyze the demand for non-occupational post-exposure prophylaxis (nPEP) services and related influencing factors among men who have sex with men (MSM) in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province. Methods MSM was recruited in Liuzhou City, Guangxi Province. Face-to-face survey was used to collect demographic information, knowledge about AIDS, history of high-risk behavior, knowledge and demand for nPEP services. χ2 test was used to analyze the differences of demand for nPEP services among MSM with different characteristics and different high-risk behaviors. Log-binomial regression model was used to analyze the influencing factors of demand for nPEP services. Prevalence ratio and 95% confidence interval were calculated. Results 31.1% of MSM population had heard of nPEP service, and 61.6% of them needed the service after being informed of nPEP about its protective effect. 58.6% of MSM would spend money to buy nPEP service after high-risk behavior. Logistic regression analysis showed that the education level was university degree or above (PR=2.743, 95% CI: 1.996-3.450), the perception of the local MSM AIDS epidemic was not serious or unknown (PR=0.211, 95% CI: 0.112-0.294), and the number of temporary sexual partners in half a year was 2 or more (PR=3.642, 95% CI: 2.223-4.842), these subjects above were influencing factors of nPEP service demanded for respondents. Conclusions MSM population in Liuzhou area of Guangxi have a certain need for nPEP service. We should implement nPEP service as soon as possible in accordance with local conditions, and strengthen the corresponding propaganda to reduce the harm of AIDS to MSM population. -
Key words:
- MSM population /
- AIDS /
- nPEP services /
- Influencing factors
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表 1 不同人口学特征的调查对象对nPEP服务需求的比较[n(%)]
Table 1. Comparison of nPEP service needs by respondents with different demographic characteristics [n(%)]
特征 总人数(人) 需要nPEP服务人数(人) 不需要nPEP服务人数(人) χ2值 P值 年龄(岁) 1.059 0.589 ≤20 29(7.3) 18(62.1) 11(37.9) 21~ 306(77.3) 192(62.7) 114(37.3) >40 61(15.4) 34(55.7) 27(44.3) 婚姻状况a 0.691 0.708 未婚 305(77.2) 191(62.6) 114(37.4) 在婚 78(19.7) 45(57.7) 33(42.3) 其它 12(3.1) 7(58.3) 5(41.7) 户籍所在地 0.572 0.449 本省 362(91.4) 221(61.0) 141(39.0) 外省 34(8.6) 23(67.6) 11(32.4) 民族 1.495 0.474 汉族 301(76.0) 181(60.1) 120(39.9) 壮族 77(19.4) 50(64.9) 27(35.1) 其它民族 18(4.6) 13(72.2) 5(27.8) 文化程度a 21.231 <0.001 初中及以下 30(7.6) 7(23.3) 23(76.7) 高中或中专 235(59.5) 147(62.6) 88(37.4) 大专及以上 130(32.9) 89(68.5) 41(31.5) 月收入水平(元)a 3.697 0.157 ≤1 000 59(14.9) 32(54.2) 27(45.8) 1 001~ 274(69.4) 167(60.9) 107(39.1) >3 000 62(15.7) 44(71.0) 18(29.0) 性取向a 4.441 0.035 同性恋 329(83.3) 210(63.8) 119(36.2) 双性恋 66(16.7) 33(50.0) 33(50.0) 寻找男性性伴的方式 1.802 0.180 互联网/交友软件 328(82.8) 207(63.1) 121(36.9) 其它场所 68(17.2) 37(54.4) 31(45.6) 对艾滋病相关知识知晓情况 11.899 0.001 低分组 60(15.2) 25(41.7) 35(58.3) 高分组 336(84.8) 219(65.2) 117(34.8) 对当地MSM艾滋病疫情的感知 48.944 <0.001 严重 263(66.4) 192(73.0) 71(27.0) 一般 72(18.2) 35(48.6) 37(51.4) 不严重或不知道 61(15.4) 17(27.9) 44(72.1) 本次调查前是否听说过nPEPa 16.236 <0.001 是 123(31.1) 94(76.4) 29(23.6) 否 272(68.9) 150(55.1) 122(44.9) 注:a表示由于调查对象拒绝回答,有部分数据缺失。 表 2 不同行为学特征及服务利用的调查对象对nPEP服务需求的比较[n(%)]
Table 2. Comparison of nPEP service requirements by respondents with different behavioral characteristics and service utilization [n(%)]
行为学特征及服务利用 总人数(人) 需要nPEP服务人数(人) 不需要nPEP服务人数(人) χ2值 P值 最近一周内肛交行为次数(次) 0.496 0.481 0 357(90.2) 222(62.2) 135(37.8) 1~3 39(9.8) 22(56.4) 17(43.6) 最近一次肛交是否使用安全套a 3.916 0.048 是 177(49.3) 120(67.8) 57(32.2) 否 182(50.2) 105(57.7) 77(42.3) 半年内同性肛交行为安全套使用情况a 22.414 <0.001 从未使用 10(2.8) 2(20.0) 8(80.0) 有时使用 96(26.7) 46(47.9) 50(52.1) 经常使用 181(50.4) 125(69.1) 56(30.9) 每次都用 72(20.1) 52(72.2) 20(27.8) 半年内主要的性角色a 2.318 0.314 做“男方” 100(28.2) 66(66.0) 34(34.0) 做“女方” 138(38.9) 90(65.2) 48(34.8) 做“男方”和“女方” 117(32.9) 67(57.3) 50(42.7) 半年内固定性伴个数(个)a 8.310 0.040 0 170(47.4) 113(66.5) 57(33.5) 1 161(44.8) 98(60.9) 63(39.1) 2 21(5.8) 8(38.1) 13(61.9) 3 7(2.0) 6(85.7) 1(14.3) 半年内临时性伴个数(个)a 12.929 0.002 0 109(31.9) 53(48.6) 56(51.4) 1 34(9.9) 20(58.8) 14(41.2) ≥2 199(58.2) 138(69.3) 61(30.7) 半年内与异性是否有性行为 0.396 0.529 否 329(83.1) 205(62.3) 124(37.7) 是 67(16.9) 39(58.2) 28(41.8) 是否注射过毒品 4.835 0.028 否 369(93.2) 222(60.2) 147(39.8) 是 27(6.8) 22(81.5) 5(18.5) 是否使用新型毒品a 4.703 0.095 经常使用 1(0.2) 1(100.0) 0(0.0) 偶尔使用 24(6.1) 19(79.2) 5(20.8) 从未使用 369(93.7) 222(60.2) 147(39.8) 是否出现安全套破裂、滑脱或被故意拔套a 5.618 0.060 出现过 70(17.7) 51(72.9) 19(27.1) 从未出现 322(81.5) 191(59.3) 131(40.7) 其他 3(0.8) 1(33.3) 2(66.7) 是否检测过HIV 2.291 0.130 是 315(79.5) 200(63.5) 115(36.5) 否 81(20.5) 44(49.9) 37(45.7) 近一年内是否患过性病a 1.448 0.229 是 24(6.1) 12(50.0) 12(50.0) 否 369(93.9) 230(62.3) 139(37.7) 近一年内是否接受过艾滋病相关服务 12.099 0.001 是 357(90.2) 230(64.4) 127(35.6) 否 39(9.8) 14(35.9) 25(64.1) 注:a表示由于调查对象拒绝回答,有部分数据缺失。 表 3 对nPEP服务的认知及需求
Table 3. Knowledge and needs of nPEP services
项目 调查人数(人) 构成比(%) 再告知nPEP对HIV暴露后预防艾滋病感染具有保护效果后,认为想要该项服务 需要 244 61.6 不需要 152 38.4 虽然会有副作用,但是若能获取nPEP服务,会服用相关药物 会 276 69.7 不会 13 3.3 不好说 107 27.0 nPEP需自己花钱,您在发生高危性行为(HIV暴露)后,是否会购买nPEP服务 会 232 58.6 不会 14 3.5 不好说 150 37.9 是否应该在男男性行为人群中开展此项服务 应该 302 76.3 不应该 11 2.8 不好说 83 20.9 如果nPEP在国内推广使用,你在与他人发生性关系时使用安全套的情况会有何改变 使用增加 246 62.1 和以前一样 112 28.3 减少使用 38 9.6 如果nPEP在国内推广使用,你的性伙伴个数会有何改变 增加 7 1.8 和以前一样 324 81.8 减少 65 16.4 希望从哪里获取nPEP 医院 204 51.3 疾病预防控制中心 256 64.3 MSM工作组 252 63.3 药店 54 13.6 希望通过哪些途径了解nPEP 网络 271 68.1 医生 223 56.0 朋友 54 13.6 MSM工作组 268 67.3 表 4 nPEP服务需求的Log-binomial回归分析
Table 4. Log-binomial regression analysis of nPEP service requirements
入选因素 sx Z值 P值 PR(95% CI)值 文化程度 初中及以下 1.000 高中或中专 0.432 2.930 0.003 1.930(1.243~2.992) 大专及以上 0.564 3.462 < 0.001 2.743(1.996~3.450) 对当地MSM艾滋病疫情的感知 严重 1.000 一般 0.058 -6.350 <0.001 0.345(0.249~0.480) 不严重或不知道 0.047 7.620 <0.001 0.211(0.112~0.294) 半年内临时性伴个数(个) 0 1.000 1 0.188 4.750 <0.001 1.785(1.041~3.144) ≥2 0.303 6.415 <0.001 3.642(2.223~4.842) -
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