北京市2015-2018年法定呼吸道传染病流行特征分析

史芸萍; 李刚; 刘洋; 王超; 谢春艳; 高燕琳

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.01.019

北京市2015-2018年法定呼吸道传染病流行特征分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.01.019

史芸萍^{1, 2},
李刚¹,
刘洋¹,
王超¹,
谢春艳¹,
高燕琳^1, ,

1.
100013 北京, 北京市疾病预防控制中心
2.
100013 北京, 北京市预防医学研究中心

详细信息

通讯作者:
高燕琳, E-mail:gaoyl@bjcdc.org

中图分类号: R183.3
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-06-21
- 修回日期: 2019-10-15
- 刊出日期: 2020-01-10

Epidemiological characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing from 2015 to 2018

1.
Beijing Center for Diseases Control and Prevention, Beijing 100013, China
2.
Beijing preventive medicine research center, Beijing 100013, China

More Information

Corresponding author: GAO Yan-lin, E-mail:gaoyl@bjcdc.org

摘要

摘要: 目的了解北京市2015-2018年法定呼吸道传染病的发病及流行特征, 为呼吸道传染病防控提供依据。方法采用描述性流行病学方法分析北京市2015-2018年法定呼吸道传染病发病监测报告数据, 描述其发病的主要特征。结果 2015-2018年北京市法定呼吸道传染病年均报告发病率227.64/10万, 占法定传染病总报告的36.24%。乙、丙类呼吸道传染病分别呈现下降、上升趋势。6种重点传染病流行趋势和好发人群各不相同。结论 2015-2018年因流行性感冒大幅上升导致北京市法定呼吸道传染病发病率升高, 防控责任重大。每种不同的呼吸道传染病的流行季节、好发人群等特征不同, 需针对不同病种之间不同的流行特征采取不同的防控措施。
- 法定呼吸道传染病 /
- 监测 /
- 发病率
Abstract: Objective To explore the epidemiological characteristics of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing from 2015 to 2018. Methods Descriptive epidemiological method was used to analyze the monitoring data of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases, and to describe the main characteristics of the diseases. Results Average annual reported incidence was 227.64/100 000, accounting for 36.24% of the total reports and deaths of notifiable infectious diseases. Class B and C respiratory infectious diseases showed a downward and upward trend respectively. The epidemic trend and risk population of the six major infectious diseases were different. Conclusions The incidence and mortality of legal respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing increases year by year due to the sharp increase of influenza from 2015 to 2018, and the responsibility of prevention and control is great. Respiratory infectious diseases have different epidemic season and predisposing population. Different prevention and control measures should be taken according to the different epidemic characteristics of different diseases.
- Notifiable respiratory infectious diseases /
- Surveillance /
- Incidence

HTML全文

图 1 北京市2015-2018年法定呼吸道传染病发病率情况

Figure 1. The incidence rate of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing from 2015 to 2018

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图 2 北京市2015-2018年法定呼吸道传染病构成分布情况

Figure 2. The distribution of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing from 2015 to 2018

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图 3 北京市2015-2018年主要法定呼吸道传染病发病趋势及构成情况

Figure 3. The trends and composition of major notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing from 2015 to 2018

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表 1 北京市2015-2018年法定呼吸道传染病报告发病情况[n(%/100 000)]

Table 1. The reported incidence of notifiable respiratory infectious diseases in Beijing from 2015 to 2018[n(%/100 000)]

分类及病种	2015年	2016年	2017年	2018年	年均值
总计	18 001(83.66)	33 258(153.23)	50 568(232.72)	95 436(439.66)	49 316(227.64)
乙类合计	12 160(56.52)	10 691(49.26)	10 953(50.41)	10 529(48.51)	11 083(51.16)
丙类合计	5 841(27.15)	22 567(103.97)	39 615(182.31)	84 907(391.15)	38 233(176.48)
单病种
麻疹	1 322(6.14)	1 247(5.75)	64(0.29)	103(0.47)	684(3.16)
肺结核	6 879(31.97)	6 731(31.01)	7 114(32.74)	6 606(30.43)	6 833(31.54)
流脑	4(0.02)	0(0.00)	3(0.01)	6(0.03)	3(0.02)
百日咳	93(0.43)	91(0.42)	116(0.53)	188(0.87)	122(0.56)
猩红热	3 861(17.94)	2 621(12.08)	3 643(16.77)	3 626(16.70)	3 438(15.87)
人感染H7N9禽流感	1(0.00)	1(0.00)	13(0.06)	0(0.00)	4(0.02)
流行性感冒	3 439(15.98)	20 279(93.43)	37 439(172.30)	82 887(381.84)	36 011(166.22)
流行性腮腺炎	2 157(10.03)	2 172(10.01)	2 125(9.78)	1 962(9.04)	2 104(9.71)
风疹	245(1.14)	115(0.53)	51(0.23)	58(0.27)	117(0.54)
麻风病	0(0.00)	1(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)

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