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简阳市322名妊娠期妇女焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素

马新雅,  杨单单,  徐耀明,  栾荣生,  高哲飞,  李斯怡,  樊建平,  章文强,  周宗磊

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文章导航 > 中华疾病控制杂志  > 2020 >  24(1): 109-113
马新雅, 杨单单, 徐耀明, 栾荣生, 高哲飞, 李斯怡, 樊建平, 章文强, 周宗磊. 简阳市322名妊娠期妇女焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2020, 24(1): 109-113. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.01.022
引用本文: 马新雅, 杨单单, 徐耀明, 栾荣生, 高哲飞, 李斯怡, 樊建平, 章文强, 周宗磊. 简阳市322名妊娠期妇女焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素[J]. 中华疾病控制杂志, 2020, 24(1): 109-113. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.01.022
shu
MA Xin-ya, YANG Dan-dan, XU Yao-ming, LUAN Rong-sheng, GAO Zhe-fei, LI Si-yi, FAN Jian-ping, ZHANG Wen-qiang, ZHOU Zong-lei. Prevalence and influencing factors of depression and anxiety among 322 pregnant women in Jianyang City[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2020, 24(1): 109-113. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.01.022
Citation: MA Xin-ya, YANG Dan-dan, XU Yao-ming, LUAN Rong-sheng, GAO Zhe-fei, LI Si-yi, FAN Jian-ping, ZHANG Wen-qiang, ZHOU Zong-lei. Prevalence and influencing factors of depression and anxiety among 322 pregnant women in Jianyang City[J]. CHINESE JOURNAL OF DISEASE CONTROL & PREVENTION, 2020, 24(1): 109-113. doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.01.022
shu

简阳市322名妊娠期妇女焦虑抑郁现状及影响因素

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.01.022
  • 1.

    610041 成都 四川大学华西公共卫生学院/四川大学华西第四医院流行病与卫生统计学系

  • 2.

    641400 简阳, 简阳市妇幼保健院

基金项目: 妇幼卫生专项(2018-卫计委-07)
详细信息
    通讯作者:

    樊建平, E-mail:1160200278@qq.com

  • 中图分类号: R749.72;R749.42

Prevalence and influencing factors of depression and anxiety among 322 pregnant women in Jianyang City

  • 1.

    Department of Epidemiology and Health Statitics, West China School of public Health and West China Fourth Hospital, Chengdu 610041, China

  • 2.

    Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Jianyang City, Jianyang 641400, China

Funds: Special Program for Maternal and Child Health(2018-Health and Family Planning Commission-07)
More Information

    摘要
  • 摘要:   目的   了解简阳市妊娠期妇女焦虑和抑郁现状, 并分析其影响因素。   方法   采用方便抽样的方法, 对简阳市妇幼保健院就诊的322名妊娠期妇女进行调查。采用焦虑自评量表(self-rating anxiety scale, SAS)和抑郁自评量表(self-rating depression scale, SDS)测定其焦虑和抑郁情况, 采用社会支持评定量表(social support rating scale, SSRS)测定其获得的社会支持情况, 采用Pearson相关分析法分析焦虑、抑郁与社会支持的关系, 采用χ2检验和多因素非条件Logistic回归分析模型分析焦虑和抑郁的影响因素。   结果   简阳市妊娠期妇女的焦虑率为5.3%, 抑郁率为5.6%, 焦虑、抑郁与社会支持均呈负相关关系(P < 0.05);未做产前检查(OR=4.554, 95% CI:1.063~19.510)是简阳市妊娠期妇女焦虑发生的危险因素; 孕晚期(OR=5.381, 95% CI:1.422~20.363)和社会支持度一般(OR=4.150, 95% CI:1.198~14.375)是简阳市妊娠期妇女抑郁发生的危险因素, 初中(OR=0.015, 95% CI:0.001~0.275)、高中或中专(OR=0.004, 95% CI:0.001~0.128)、大专及以上学历(OR=0.053, 95% CI:0.003~0.851)是抑郁发生的保护因素。   结论   妊娠期妇女焦虑和抑郁的发生不可忽视, 可结合以上影响因素, 开展针对性的心理健康干预。
    Abstract:   Objective   To analyze the prevalence and influencing factors of anxiety and depression among pregnant women in Jianyang City.   Methods   Convenience sampling method was used to select 322 pregnant women in Jianyang Maternal and Child Health Hospital of Jianyang City. The depression and anxiety of the participants were measured with self-rating anxiety scale(SAS) and self-rating depression scale(SDS), and the degree of social support was measured with social support rating scale(SSRS). Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the relationship between anxiety, depression and social support. The chi square(χ2) test and the non-conditional Logistic regression model were used to analyze the influencing factors of anxiety and depression.   Results   Anxiety rate and depression rate of pregnant women in Jianyang city were 5.3% and 5.6% respectively. There was a negative correlation between anxiety, depression and social support(P < 0.05). Absence of prenatal examination(OR=4.554, 95% CI: 1.063-19.510) was a risk factor for anxiety among pregnant women in Jianyang City. Late pregnancy(OR=5.381, 95% CI: 1.422-20.363) and medium degree of social support(OR=4.150, 95% CI: 1.198-14.375) were risk factors for depression among pregnant women in Jianyang City. Junior high school(OR=0.015, 95% CI: 0.001-0.275), high school or technical secondary school(OR=0.004, 95% CI: 0.001-0.128), junior college or above(OR=0.053, 95% CI: 0.003-0.851) were protective factors for depression.   Conclusions   The prevelance of anxiety and depression in pregnant women cannot be ignored. It is important to carry out mental health intervention according to the above factors.
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  • 表  1  简阳市322名妊娠期妇女焦虑和抑郁影响因素单因素分析[n(%)]

    Table  1.   Univariate analysis of influential factors of depression and anxiety among 322 pregnant women in Jianyang City [n(%)]

    因素 合计 焦虑 χ2值 P值 抑郁 χ2值 P值
    年龄(岁) 0.032 0.859 0.014 0.906
        <35 384(95.52) 16(5.23) 17(5.56)
        ≥35 18(4.48) 1(6.25) 1(6.25)
    文化程度 3.413 0.332 10.346 0.016
        小学 6(1.49) 0(0.00) 1(25.00)
        初中 179(44.53) 11(7.59) 7(4.83)
        高中或中专 115(28.61) 2(2.27) 1(1.14)
        大专及以上 102(25.37) 4(4.71) 9(10.59)
    居住地 1.061 0.588 1.062 0.588
        城市 8(1.99) 1(12.50) 1(8.33)
        城郊 192(47.76) 7(4.52) 11(6.63)
        农村 202(50.25) 9(5.66) 6(4.17)
    家庭人均月收入(元) 0.903 0.637 1.062 0.588
        1 001~ 18(4.48) 0(0.00) 1(8.33)
        3 001~ 214(53.23) 10(6.02) 11(6.63)
        >5 000 170(42.29) 7(4.86) 6(4.17)
    经产妇 0.997 0.414a 1.062 0.294a
        否 171(42.54) 3(3.30) 7(7.69)
        是 231(57.46) 14(6.06) 11(4.76)
    早孕反应 13.809 0.0031 3.811 0.003
        无 39(9.70) 2(5.88) 3(8.82)
        轻度 220(54.73) 3(1.67) 3(1.67)
        中度 127(31.59) 10(1.11) 10(10.20)
        重度 16(3.98) 2(20.00) 2(20.00)
    孕期 2.949 0.2291 2.115 0.002
        孕早期 231(57.46) 11(5.91) 12(6.45)
        孕中期 136(33.83) 3(2.80) 1(0.93)
        孕晚期 35(8.71) 3(10.34) 5(17.24)
    产前检查 6.817 0.038a 1.787 0.201a
        未做 17(4.23) 3(20.00) 2(13.33)
        做过 385(95.77) 14(4.56) 16(5.21)
    夫妻感情 2.813 0.245 6.993 0.030
        很好 226(56.22) 6(26.09) 9(5.08)
        较好 161(40.05) 10(7.63) 6(4.58)
        一般 15(3.73) 1(7.14) 3(21.43)
    社会支持度 3.230 0.720 3.980 0.046
        一般 189(47.01) 12(7.55) 13(8.18)
        高 213(52.99) 5(3.07) 5(3.07)
    注：a表示使用Fisher确切概率法。
    下载: 导出CSV

    表  2  简阳市322名妊娠期妇女焦虑和抑郁影响因素Logistic回归分析模型分析结果

    Table  2.   Analysis results of Logistic regression analysis model of influential factors of depression and anxiety among 322 pregnant women in Jianyang City

    因变量因素 β值 SE Wald/
    χ2值    		 P值 OR值 95% CI值
    焦虑 产前检查
    做过a
    未做 1.516 0.742 4.172 0.041 4.554 1.063~19.510
    抑郁 文化程度
    小学a
    初中 -4.219 1.494 7.974 0.005 0.015 0.001~0.275
    高中或中专 -5.487 1.753 9.801 0.002 0.004 0.001~0.128
    大专及以上 -2.938 1.417 4.299 0.038 0.053 0.003~0.851
    孕期
    孕早期a
    孕中期 -2.466 1.188 4.308 0.038 0.085 0.008~0.872
    孕晚期 1.683 0.679 6.141 0.013 5.381 1.422~20.363
    社会支持度
    高a
    一般 1.423 0.634 5.041 0.025 4.150 1.198~14.375
    注：a表示参照组。
    下载: 导出CSV
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