2013-2017年安徽某医院1737例小儿烧伤的预后及影响因素分析

蒋薇; 孟承颖; 蒋智永; 段声梁; 王欢; 余又新; 孙业祥; 胡德林

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.01.023

2013-2017年安徽某医院1737例小儿烧伤的预后及影响因素分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.01.023

230000 合肥, 安徽医科大学第一附属医院烧伤科

基金项目: 2015年度第二批安徽省自然科学基金项目(1508085SMH231);安徽省2018年度重点研究与开发计划项目(1804h08020230)

详细信息

通讯作者:
胡德林, E-mail:HDL0522@163.com

中图分类号: R181.2
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-05-19
- 修回日期: 2019-08-13
- 刊出日期: 2020-01-10

Analysis of prognosis and influencing factors of 1737 cases of pediatric burns in a hospital of Anhui from 2013 to 2017

Department of Burn, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei 230000, China

Funds: The Second Batch Anhui Natural Science Fund Project of 2015(1508085SMH231); The Key Research and Development Plan Project of Anhui Province of 2018(1804h08020230)

More Information

Corresponding author: HU De-lim, E-mail:HDL0522@163.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解小儿烧伤的预后及影响治愈的危险因素。方法回顾性分析安徽医科大学第一附属医院烧伤科2013年1月至2017年12月1 737例住院烧伤患儿的病历资料, 总结其人口学特征、临床特征及影响预后的相关因素。结果 Log-binominal回归分析模型显示, 1~岁、3~岁相比于7~12岁的患儿治愈率更高(均有P < 0.05);夏季烧伤(RR=0.861, 95% CI:0.690~1.074)未愈率较冬季烧伤高; 开水烫伤治愈率高于电击、火焰烧伤(均有P < 0.05);相比于特重度烧伤, 中度和重度烧伤的治愈率高(均有P < 0.05);相比于伴随并发症的患儿, 无并发症患儿的治愈率高(RR=4.58, 95% CI:2.642~7.941, P < 0.001), 农村患儿(RR=0.713, 95% CI:0.618~0.824)的未愈率较城市患儿高。结论小儿烧伤的治愈率为51.1%, 影响治愈的主要危险因素是7~12岁、夏季烧伤、电击及火焰烧伤(包括化学烧伤)、特重度烧伤、伴随并发症及农村烧伤患儿。
- 小儿烧伤 /
- 预后 /
- 危险因素
Abstract: Objective To analyze the prognosis of pediatric burns and its influencing factors. Methods Clinical data of 1 737 children with burns from January 2013 to December 2017 in the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University was analyzed by retrospective method. The demographic, clinical features, and related factors affecting prognosis. Results Log-binominal regression model showed that the care rate was higher in children aged 1-and 3-compared with children aged 7-12(all P < 0.05); Boiling water burns had a higher care rate than electric shock and flame burns(including chemical burn)(allP < 0.05); Moderate and severe burns had a higher care rate than heavy severe burns(allP < 0.05); The unhealed rate of pediatric burns in summer was higher than burned in winter(RR=0.861, 95% CI:0.690-1.074); Children without complications had a higher care rate(P < 0.05); Children lived in rural areas have a higher unhealed rate than lived in urban areas(RR=0.713, 95% CI:0.618-0.824). Conclusions The care rate of pediatric burns was 51.1%. Major influencing factors included children aged 7-12, burned by electric and flame(including chemical burns), burned severe extraordinarily, burned in summer, and with complications, lived in rural.
- Pediatric burns /
- Prognosis /
- Risk factors

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表 1 调查指标及赋值方法

Table 1. Survey indicators and assignment methods

因素	赋值情况
预后	0=治愈, 1=未愈
年龄(岁)	1=0~, 2=1~, 3=3~, 4=7~12
季节	1=春季, 2=夏季, 3=秋季, 4=冬季
烧伤原因	1=开水, 2=其他热液, 3=电击、火焰(包括化学烧伤等)
烧伤严重程度	1=中度, 2=重度, 3=特重度
有无并发症	0=无, 1=有
居住地	0=农村, 1=城市

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表 2 影响小儿烧伤预后的单因素分析[n(%)]

Table 2. Single factor analysis of risk factors affect the prognosis of pediatric burns [n(%)]

变量类型	调查人数(例)	治愈(%)	好转(%)	恶化(包括其他)(%)	H值	P值
性别					0.369	0.529
男	1 098(63.2)	564(51.4)	523(47.6)	11(1.0)
女	639(36.8)	324(50.7)	305(47.7)	10(1.6)
年龄(岁)					5.430	< 0.001
0~	75(4.3)	40(53.3)	34(45.3)	1(1.3)
1~	1 157(66.6)	545(47.1)	596(51.5)	16(1.4)
3~	357(20.6)	209(58.5)	144(40.3)	4(1.1)
7~12	148(8.5)	94(63.5)	54(36.5)	0(0.0)
入院季节					62.863	< 0.001
春	429(24.7)	193(45.0)	229(53.4)	7(1.6)
夏	453(26.1)	248(54.7)	203(44.8)	2(0.4)
秋	410(23.6)	225(54.9)	182(44.4)	3(0.7)
冬	445(25.6)	222(49.9)	214(48.1)	9(2.0)
地区					244.803	< 0.001
农村	1 420(81.8)	758(53.4)	644(45.4)	18(1.3)
城市	317(18.2)	130(41.0)	184(58.0)	3(0.9)
烧伤原因					78.204	< 0.001
开水	1 302(75.0)	652(50.1)	634(48.7)	16(1.2)
热液	210(12.1)	101(48.1)	108(51.4)	1(0.5)
电击、火焰(包括化学烧伤)	225(13.0)	135(60.0)	86(38.2)	4(1.8)
烧伤严重程度					678.897	< 0.001
中度	148(8.5)	83(56.1)	63(42.6)	2(1.3)
重度	996(57.3)	435(43.7)	552(55.4)	9(0.9)
特重度	593(34.2)	370(62.4)	213(35.9)	10(1.7)
有无院前救治					2.416	0.120
有	592(34.1)	297(50.2)	289(48.8)	6(1.0)
无	1 145(65.9)	591(51.6)	539(47.1)	15(1.3)
有无并发症					147.372	< 0.001
有	174(10.0)	103(59.2)	67(38.5)	4(2.3)
无	1 563(90.0)	785(50.2)	761(48.7)	17(1.1)
注：未愈包括好转及恶化。

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表 3 影响小儿烧伤未愈的因素的Log-binominal回归分析模型

Table 3. Analysis of the influencing factors of unhealed of pediatric burn based on the Log-binominal regression model

因素	n(例)	n (%)	RR(95%CI)值	P值
年龄(岁)
0~	75	40(53.3)	1.646(0.843~3.213)	0.145
1~	1 157	545(47.1)	1.947(1.186~3.197)	0.008
3~	357	209(58.5)	2.473(1.495~4.090)	< 0.001
7~12	148	94(63.5)	1.000	-
季节
春	429	193(45.0)	1.411(1.167~1.707)	< 0.001
夏	453	248(54.8)	0.861(0.690~1.074)	0.018
秋	410	225(54.9)	1.296(1.062~1.581)	0.011
冬	445	222(49.9)	1.000	-
烧伤原因
开水	1 302	652(50.1)	1.403(1.011~1.946)	0.043
其他热液	210	101(48.1)	1.269(0.878~1.834)	0.205
电击、火焰(包括化学烧伤)	225	135(60.0)	1.000	-
烧伤严重程度
中度	148	83(56.1)	7.448(5.349~10.369)	< 0.001
重度	996	435(43.7)	1.269(0.878~1.834)	< 0.001
特重度	593	370(62.4)	1.000	-
有无并发症 < 0.001
无	1 563	785(50.2)	4.580(2.642~7.941)
有	174	103(59.2)	1.000
居住地 < 0.001
农村	1 420	758(53.4)	0.713(0.618~0.824)
城市	317	130	(41.0)	1.000

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