健康本源学视角下心理一致感与老年心理健康关系研究的现状

陈浩; 傅华

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.04.018

健康本源学视角下心理一致感与老年心理健康关系研究的现状

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.04.018

陈浩,
傅华^,

200032 上海, 复旦大学公共卫生学院预防医学教研室

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(71561137001)

详细信息

通讯作者:
傅华, E-mail:hfu@fudan.edu.cn

中图分类号: R395.6
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2019-10-21
- 修回日期: 2020-01-12
- 刊出日期: 2020-04-10

Research status on relationship between sense of coherence and mental health among older adults from prospective of salutogenesis

CHEN Hao,
FU Hua^,

Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China(71561137001)

More Information

Corresponding author: FU Hua, E-mail:hfu@fudan.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 随着人均期望寿命的提高, 提高老年人的幸福感和心理健康水平成为应对老龄化的重要方向。在众多心理健康促进理论中, 新兴的健康本源学理论受到学界关注。其从个体应对压力及刺激能力的角度去解释健康到疾病的发展过程, 强调如何利用资源增强该应对能力, 从而提高心理健康水平。本文通过整合国内外有关健康本源学的核心构件(心理一致感, 一般抗性资源)与心理健康关系的定量研究的文献, 归纳心理一致感、一般抗性资源对老年心理健康的关联性及影响路径, 为分析老年心理健康发展机制和制定干预策略提供研究基础。
- 健康本源学 /
- 心理一致感 /
- 一般抗性资源 /
- 老年人 /
- 心理健康
Abstract: With the increase of average life expectancy, it is significant to improve the well-being and mental health of the elderly. Among the theories of mental health promotion, the emerging theory of salutogenesis has attracted academic attention. It explains the development process of health and disease from the perspective of individuals' ability to cope with stress and stimulation, and emphasizes how to use resources to enhance the coping ability. We integrated domestic and overseas quantitative research literatures regarding the relationship between core components of salutogenesis(sense of coherence, generalized resistant resources) and mental health to summarize associations among sense of coherence, generalized resistant resources and mental health. This study would provide research basis for mental health development mechanism research and intervention strategies in aged population.
- Salutogenesis /
- Sense of coherence /
- Resistant resources /
- Older adults /
- Mental health

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图 1 文献筛选流程

Figure 1. Flowchart of literature screening

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图 2 文献发表年份及研究类型图

Figure 2. Diagram of publication year and research type

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表 1 纳入文献基本情况

Table 1. The basic information of included articles

研究方向	具体内容
研究对象	均来源于养老机构、社区和医院, 女性略多于男性
研究类型	3篇干预性研究、13篇现况研究和4篇纵向研究
研究水平	均为个体水平研究
健康本源量表	13篇采用SOC-13, 7篇采用SOC-29
心理健康指标
抑郁类	一般健康问卷^{[5, 6, 10, 15, 18, 19]}, 老年抑郁量表^{[18, 20-22]},
	流调抑郁自评量表^{[23, 24]}, 医院焦虑抑郁量表^[9],
	贝克抑郁量表^[25], 健康调查简表^{[4, 8]}
幸福感及满意度	主观幸福感^{[8, 15, 26]}, 生活满意度^{[23, 27]}, 费城老
	年中心信心量表^[28]
负面心理	孤独感^[19], 感知压力^[24], 抱怨^[5], 绝望^[27]
抗性资源指标	一般抗性资源类(已婚)感知抗性资源类

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表 2 纳入文献与心理一致感的关系及主要内容分析

Table 2. The main finding of included articles about SOC and mental health

研究方向	核心结论
心理健康指标
抑郁	1.心理一致感与抑郁得分负相关^{[4, 23]}(相关分析)
	2.心理一致感与抑郁得分存在负向关联^{[6, 8, 20, 22]}(回归或路径分析)
	3.患者入院时心理一致感与抑郁负向关联, 一年后未见相关^[9](线性回归)
	4.干预后实验组抑郁水平降低, 但心理一致感水平未见变化^[18](配对t检验)
	5.干预后实验组心理一致感水平升高, 抑郁水平降低^{[16, 25]}(配对t检验)
幸福感	1.心理一致感与幸福感得分正相关^{[15, 21, 24, 26]}
	2.心理一致感对幸福感得分存在正向关联^{[26, 28]}, 且能解释25%的幸福感的效应量^[28](回归和路径分析)
满意度	心理一致感与满意度得分正向关联^{[23, 27]}(路径
	分析)
不良情绪	心理一致感与绝望^[23]、孤独感^{[6, 19]}、压力^[24]
	和抱怨^[5]的分负向相关(回归和路径分析)
抗性资源指标
一般抗性资源	1.良好的一般抗性资源(已婚、高收入、高学历、规
	律锻炼)对高心理一致感水平强化作用^[10](纵向研究、路径分析); 社会联系^[29]、社会支持^[26]与心理一致感正相关(相关分析)
	2.一般抗性资源缺陷(缺乏亲人陪伴, 5年内迁居)对低心理一致感水平有正向关联^[22](相关分析)
感知抗性资源	高水平的感制抗性资源(自尊和自我效能)与心
	理一致感正相关^[8]
综合模型关联	1.心理一致感(意义感)介导了精神信仰对生活满
	意度的影响^[29]
	2.心理一致感作为中介效应, 介导部分绝望情绪对抑郁的影响^[23]
	3.心理一致感与感知抗性资源互为中介效用作用于抑郁水平^[8]
	4.心理一致感、社会支持和自评健康共同解释幸福感的82.9%的变异来源^[26]
	5.高水平的心理一致感在压力和抑郁的关系中起中介效用^[24]

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