内蒙古西部口岸地区鼠类及其携带病原体调查

王宁; 靳木子; 蒋兰芬; 张胜; 云华; 李宏; 张泮河; 黎浩; 弥春霞

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.019

内蒙古西部口岸地区鼠类及其携带病原体调查

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.06.019

王宁¹,
靳木子²,
蒋兰芬³,
张胜²,
云华²,
李宏²,
张泮河⁴,
黎浩⁴,
弥春霞^1, ,

1.
157009 牡丹江, 牡丹江师范学院生命科学与技术学院
2.
010020 内蒙古, 呼和浩特国际旅行卫生保健中心
3.
021410 内蒙古, 扎赉诺尔区疾病预防控制中心
4.
100071 北京, 军事医学科学院微生物流行病研究所

基金项目: 国家自然科学基金(81722041);传染病重大专项课题(2018ZX10101003);病原微生物生物安全国家重点实验室开放课题(SKLPBS1843)

详细信息

通讯作者:
弥春霞, E-mail:swxmcx126@126.com

中图分类号: R183.5
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-01-08
- 修回日期: 2020-03-31
- 刊出日期: 2020-06-10

Pathogen investigation of rodents in the western ground crossings of inner Mongolia

1.
College of Life Science and Technology, Mudanjiang Normal University, Mudanjiang 157009, China
2.
Hohot International Health Care Center, Inner Mongolia 010020, China
3.
Zhalai Nuoer District Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Inner Mongolia 021410, China
4.
Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China

Funds: National Natural Science Foundation of China(81722041); Major special projects on infectious diseases(2018ZX10101003); Open Project of State Key Laboratory of Pathogen Micr-obial Biosafety(SKLPBS1843)

More Information

Corresponding author: MI Chun-xia, E-mail:swxmcx126@126.com

摘要

摘要: 目的对内蒙古西部二连浩特口岸、策克口岸、鄂尔多斯口岸三个主要口岸地区开展流行病学调查, 调查该地区鼠的种类、分布状况以及携带的主要病原体, 为做好国门口岸地区疾病防控提供基础数据。方法确定调查地点并采用夹夜法进行捕鼠; 对监测区内所获得鼠分类鉴定并解剖取各种脏器, 针对鼠疫杆菌、巴贝西原虫、巴尔通体、斑点热群立克次体、无形体、伯氏疏螺旋体6种病原体进行特异性PCR检测; 用MAGA 5.0分析软件, 采用Bootstrap方法1 000次重复分析使可信性叠加, 基于目的基因序列构建Neighbor-joining树图。结果本次调查在三个口岸捕获长爪沙鼠、达乌尔黄鼠、子午沙鼠、五趾跳鼠、三趾跳鼠、小家鼠、灰仓鼠、小毛足鼠8种共178只; 有四种病原体包括巴尔通体、斑点热群立克次体、无形体、伯氏疏螺旋体检出阳性核酸片段, 阳性率分别为43.26%、6.18%、17.98%和3.37%;核苷酸序列分析发现该地区存在Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae斑点热群立克次体和多种无形体。结论内蒙古西部口岸地区, 鼠种丰富, 鼠类携带病原体种类较多, 在今后的防控工作中要加强防范。
- 内蒙古 /
- 口岸地区 /
- 鼠 /
- 病原体
Abstract: Objective To investigate the rodent species, their distribution and pathogens carried by rodents in Erenhot, Ceke and Erdos ground crossings in western part of Inner Mongolia, and to provide basic information for disease prevention in ground crossings area. Methods The study areas were de-termined where the rodents were captured and sacrificed for the nucleic acids extraction and tests for Yersinia pestis, Babesi protozoa, Bartonella, Spotted fever group rickettsia, anaplasmosis and Borrelia burgdorferi. The obtained sequences were analyzed by using MAGA 5.0 software. Bootstrap analysis was uesd to analyze the obtained nucleotide fragments of 1 000 repeats, and the neighbor joining tree was constructed based on the target gene sequence. Results Totally 8 rodents species were captured in the studied areas, including Long-clawed gerbil, Daur chinchilla, meridian gerbil, five-toed lemming, three-toed hamster, house mouse, gray hamster, hairy foot mouse. And a total of 4 nucleic acid positive materials has been detected, including Bartonella, Spotted fever group rickettsia, anaplasmosis, and Borrelia burgdorferi. The positive rate was 43.26%, 6.18%, 17.98% and 3.37%; With further analyzing of Nucleotide sequence, there were Candidatus Rickettsia tarasevichiae and several anaplasmosis in the district. Conclusions There were abundant species of rodents and many pathogens carried by rodents in the ground crossings of western area of Inner Mongolia. It should be focused on the prevention and control issues in future work.
- Inner Mongolia /
- Ground crossings /
- Rodent /
- Pathogen

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图 1 斑点热群立克次体ompA基因同源性分析

Figure 1. Homology analysis of ompA gene in spotted fever group rickettsia

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图 2 无形体16S rRNA同源性分析

Figure 2. Homology analysis of anaplasmosis 16S rRNA

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表 1 病原体的引物信息及反应条件(退火温度)

Table 1. Primer information and reaction conditions of pathogens (annealing temperature)

病原体	引物名称	序列	长度(bp)	退火温度(℃)
巴贝西原虫	Bab1	5'-CTTAGTATAAGCTTTTATACAGC-3'	29	54
	Bab4	5'-ATAGGTCAGAAACTTGAATGATACA-3'	31	54
	Bab2	5'-GTTATAGTTTATTTGATGTTCGTTT-3'	31	54
	Bab3	5'-AAGCCATGCGATTCGCTAAT-3'	26	54
伯氏疏螺旋体	RRS189F	5'-TGATGAAAGGAAGCCTTTAAAGCTTCGCTTG-3'	37	54
	RRS828R	5'-CACCAAGTGTGCATCGTTTACAGCG-3'	31	54
	RRS766R	5'-GCTTTCGTGACTCAGCGTCAGTCTT-3'	31	54
	RRS442F	5'-GAGGAATAAGCTTTGTAGGAAATGAC-3'	32	54
斑点热立克次体	ROP	5'-ATGGCGAATATTTCTCCAAAA-3'	21	54
	ROI	5'-GTTCCGTTAATGGCAGCATCT-3'	21	54
	38s1	5'-AAAACCGCTTTATTCACC-3'	18	54
	384r1	5'-GGCAACAAGTTACCTCCT-3'	18	54
无形体	Ehout1	5'-TTGAGAGTTTGATCCTGGCTCAGAACG-3'	33	54
	Ehout2	5'-CACCTCTACACTAGGAATTCCGCTATC-3'	33	54
	Ehgs1	5'-GTAATAACTGTATAATCCCTG-3'	27	54
	Ehgs2	5'-GTACCGTCATTATCTTCCCTA-3'	27	54
巴尔通体	302p	5'-CCTTCGTTTCTCTTTCTTCA-3'	20	55
	473n	5'-AACCAACTGAGCTACAAGCC-3'	20	55
	311p	5'-CTCTTTCTTCAGATGATGATCC-3'	22	55
	448n	5'-GGATAAACCGGAAAACCTTC-3'	20	55
鼠疫	CafI F	5'-AGTTCCGTTATCGCCATTGC-3'	20	56
	CafI R	5'-ACAGTATGTGCTAGTGGTCC-3'	20	56
	plaF	5'-CATTATGTGCATCTGCCTGGC-3'	21	56
	plaR	5'-ATCCTGTTTGCTTCGCTGACC-3'	21	56

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表 2 内蒙古西部地区三个口岸鼠种分布比较[n (%)]

Table 2. Comparison of rat species distribution at three ground crosings in western Inner Mongolia [n (%)]

鼠种	二连浩特	策克	鄂尔多斯
长爪沙鼠	89(80.18)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
达乌尔黄鼠	8(7.21)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
五趾跳鼠	3(2.70)	8(13.56)	0(0.00)
子午沙鼠	7(6.31)	43(72.88)	8(100.00)
三趾跳鼠	1(0.90)	4(6.78)	0(0.00)
小家鼠	2(1.80)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
灰仓鼠	1(0.90)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
小毛足鼠	0(0.00)	4(6.78)	0(0.00)
合计	111(100.00)	59(100.00)	8(100.00)

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表 3 内蒙古西部地区三个口岸病原体检出结果[n (%)]

Table 3. Results of pathogen detection at three ports in western Inner Mongolia[n (%)]

病原种类	二连浩特(n=111)	策克(n=59)	鄂尔多斯(n=8)	合计(n=178)
鼠疫杆菌	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
斑点热立克次体	11(9.91)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	11(6.18)
无形体	4(3.60)	28(47.46)	0(0.00)	32(17.98)
伯氏疏螺旋体	4(3.60)	2(3.39)	0(0.00)	6(3.37)
巴尔通体	50(45.05)	19(32.2)	8(100.00)	77(43.26)
巴贝西原虫	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)

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表 4 内蒙古西部地区三个口岸不同鼠种携带病原体检测结果[n (%)]

Table 4. Detection results of pathogens carried by different mouse species at three ports in western Inner Mongolia [n (%)]

鼠种	例数(n)	不同病原体阳性率
鼠种	例数(n)	伯氏疏螺旋体	斑点热群立克次体	巴尔通体	无形体
达乌尔黄鼠	8	0(0.00)	4(50.00)	7(87.5)	4(50.00)
灰仓鼠	1	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	1(100.00)	0(0.00)
三趾跳鼠	5	1(20.00)	0(0.00)	1(20.00)	1(20.00)
五趾跳鼠	11	0(0.00)	1(9.09)	2(18.18)	2(18.18)
小家鼠	2	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
小毛足鼠	4	1(25.00)	0(0.00)	1(25.00)	2(50.00)
长爪沙鼠	89	4(4.49)	5(5.62)	35(39.33)	0(0.00)
子午沙鼠	58	0(0.00)	1(1.72)	30(51.72)	23(39.66)
合计	178	6(3.37)	11(6.18)	77(43.26)	32(17.98)

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表 5 内蒙古西部地区三个口岸不同鼠种复合感染检测结果[n (%)]

Table 5. Detection results of coinfection by different mouse species at three ports in western Inner Mongolia [n (%)]

鼠种	例数(n)	不同病原体复合感染阳性率
鼠种	例数(n)	a+b	b+c	c+d	a+d	b+c+d
达乌尔黄鼠	8	0(0.00)	3(37.50)	2(25.00)	0(0.00)	1(12.50)
灰仓鼠	1	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
三趾跳鼠	5	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	1(20.00)	0(0.00)
五趾跳鼠	11	0(0.00)	1(9.09)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
小家鼠	2	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
小毛足鼠	4	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	1(25.00)	0(0.00)
长爪沙鼠	89	1(1.12)	3(3.37)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
子午沙鼠	58	0(0.00)	1(1.72)	10(17.24)	0(0.00)	0(0.00)
合计	178	1(0.56)	8(4.49)	12(6.74)	2(1.12)	1(0.56)
注：a：表示伯氏疏螺旋体；b：表示斑点热立克次体；c：表示巴尔通体；d：表示无形体。

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