An investigation on the situation of infectious diseases among the China medical team members
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摘要:
目的 了解2015年1月-2019年11月中国援外医疗队队员在境外工作期间的传染病感染情况。 方法 对2015年1月-2019年11月参加过卫生援外的部分医务人员进行电子问卷调查，计算感染率等指标。 结果 479名调查对象的传染病感染率为19.83%，16人感染了2次及以上，传染病发病密度为0.168次/人年；感染者中在6个月内感染的占65.26%。感染比例最高的传染病是疟疾，占61.06%。68.69%的人认为援外工作期间感染传染病的风险高；41.97%的人对采取的传染病预防措施感到很满意。不同的承派省市、支援国家的艰苦程度、支援驻地的分布、感知风险程度以及对防控措施满意度等之间，队员感染率的差异均有统计学意义（均有P < 0.05）。医疗队队员工作所在国家越艰苦，感染比例越高（χ2=61.667，P < 0.001）；队员认为自身感染风险越高，感染比例越高（χ2=15.602，P < 0.001）。 结论 援外医疗队队员在国外工作期间面临较高的感染传染病风险。需进一步采取针对性措施，做好援外医疗队队员传染病防控工作。 Abstract:Objective To know the situation of infectious diseases among the China medical team (CMT) members working abroad in recent years. Methods A electronic questionnaire survey was conducted on some CMT members who had participated in foreign medical assistance mission from January 2015 to November 2019, and the infection rate and other indicators were calculated. Results The infection rate of 479 subjects was 19.83%, 16 were infected twice or more, and the incidence density was 0.168 times per person year. Among the infected, 65.26 percent were infected within 6 months. Malaria was the most common infections among CMT members accounting for 61.06%. There were 68.69% of respondents believing that the risk of contracting infectious diseases during working abroad was very high, while 41.97% were satisfied with the precautions taken. The infection rate of CMT members were statistically significant (all P < 0.05) among different sending provinces, types of difficult areas, distribution of assisted areas, perceived risk, as well as satisfaction with prevention and control measures. Furthermore, the more difficult the country in which the CMT members worked, the higher the infection rate was (χ2=61.667, P < 0.001); The higher the perceived risk was, the higher the infection rate was (χ2=15.602, P < 0.001). Conclusions The CMT members are at higher risk of contracting infectious diseases while working abroad. Targeted measures should be taken to prevent and control infectious diseases among CMT members. -
Key words:
- China medical team members /
- Infectious diseases /
- Infection rate /
- Tough area /
- Risk of infection
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表 1 调查对象人口社会学特征
Table 1. Demographic and sociological characteristics of survey subjects
变量 例数(n) 构成比(%) 性别 男 326 68.06 女 153 31.94 年龄(岁) 18~ 13 2.71 31~ 192 40.08 41~ 203 42.38 51~60 71 14.82 承派省市 东部 169 35.28 中部 202 42.17 西部 108 22.55 艰苦程度 非艰苦地区 47 9.81 一类地区 83 17.33 二类地区 37 7.72 三类地区 147 30.69 四类地区 79 16.49 五类地区 86 17.95 受援驻地 首都地区 366 76.41 非首都地区 113 23.59 
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表 2 调查对象感染传染病情况
Table 2. Infectious diseases of survey subjects
变量 例数(n) 构成比(%) 发生感染(次) 0 384 80.17 1 79 16.49 ≥2 16 3.34 第1次发生感染的时间 1~6个月内 62 65.26 7~12个月内 21 22.11 12个月以上 12 12.63 传染病类型 疟疾 69 61.06 伤寒 29 25.66 登革热 12 10.62 其他 3 2.65 风险感知程度 低风险 30 6.26 中风险 120 25.05 高风险 329 68.69 预防措施落实满意度 很不满意 30 6.26 不太满意 59 12.32 一般满意 189 39.46 很满意 201 41.97
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表 3 调查对象感染传染病影响因素的单因素分析和趋势χ2检验
Table 3. Univariate analysis of the influencing factors of infectious diseases among survey subjects and trend χ2test
变量 总人数
(N )感染人数
(n)感染比例
(%)单因素分析 趋势分析 χ2值 P值 χ2值 P值 性别 1.725 0.219 - - 男 326 70 21.47 女 153 25 16.34 年龄(岁) 6.234 0.101 - - 18~ 13 6 46.15 31~ 192 39 20.31 41~ 203 38 18.72 51~60 71 12 16.90 承派省市 21.931 ＜0.001 - - 东部 169 19 11.24 中部 202 60 29.70 西部 108 16 14.81 艰苦程度 66.704 ＜0.001 61.667 ＜0.001 非艰苦地区 47 0 0.00 一类地区 83 3 3.61 二类地区 37 0 0.00 三类地区 147 31 21.09 四类地区 79 26 32.91 五类地区 86 35 40.70 受援驻地 6.452 0.011 - - 首都地区 366 82 22.40 非首都地区 113 13 11.50 感知风险 15.639 ＜0.001 15.602 ＜0.001 低风险 30 0 0.00 中风险 120 15 12.50 高风险 329 80 24.32 预防措施落实
满意度15.188 0.002 2.176 0.140 很不满意 30 9 30.00 不太满意 59 6 10.17 一般满意 189 51 26.98 很满意 201 29 14.43
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