Characteristics of HIV-positive patients diagnosed in a general hospital in Chengdu from 2016 to 2018
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摘要:
目的 了解2016—2018年成都市某综合性医院人类免疫缺陷病毒（human immunodeficiency virus，HIV）抗体筛查情况和确诊HIV感染者的流行病学特征，为医院制定HIV的防控措施提供科学参考。 方法 通过医院检验系统，收集2016—2018年全院HIV抗体筛查数据，进一步收集同期新确诊HIV感染者的一般人口学特征以及就诊科室等信息，利用SPSS 20.0进行统计分析。 结果 2016—2018年医院共进行HIV抗体筛查204 641人次，发现489人HIV确诊阳性，平均每千人次HIV抗体筛查发现HIV确诊阳性病人2.39例，2016—2018年筛查阳性率分别为2.45‰、2.26‰、2.47‰。489例确诊阳性病例主要为男性（84.05%），50岁及以上（42.54%），已婚有配偶（43.76%）。274例确诊阳性病例（56.03%）是因其他就诊者检测被发现。皮肤科、方便门诊的筛查阳性率分别达到2.32%、1.27%。 结论 皮肤科、方便门诊是发现HIV感染者的重点科室，应加强在重点科室和高危人群中的筛查。 Abstract:Objective To investigate infection status and epidemiologic characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)positive patients diagnosed in a general hospital in Chengdu from 2016 to 2018, and to provide scientific reference for prevention and control of HIV in hospital. Methods The antibody screening test for HIV during 2016 to 2018 was collected through the hospital inspection system. Furthermore, the demographic characteristics and the department information of HIV-infected patients were retrospectively collected. The SPSS 20.0 software was used for statistical analysis. Results The plasma HIV antibodies of 204 641 inpatients were detected, 489 plasma samples were positive with the positive rate of 2.39‰.The positive rates for three years were 2.45‰, 2.26‰ and 2.47‰, respectively. The main patients were males (84.05%), aged 50 years and over (42.54%), and married (43.76%). More than half of the patients (56.03%) were detected by other symptoms visits. The top two departments with the most positive patients were dermatological department and convenient outpatient service (2.32% and 1.27%, respectively). Conclusions Dermatological department and convenient outpatient service are the key departments. Screening test for key departments and high-risk groups should be strengthened. -
Key words:
- HIV/AIDS /
- Detection /
- Epidemiology characteristic
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表 1 2016—2018年某医院HIV抗体筛查及确诊试验情况
Table 1. The antibody screening test for HIV during 2016 to 2018
年份 HIV抗体筛查人次 HIV感染待确定人数 HIV确诊试验 阳性 阴性 不确定 2016 58 285 247 143 0 4 2017 71 373 252 161 1 5 2018 74 983 268 185 0 4 合计 204 641 767 489 1 13 
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表 2 2016—2018年某医院HIV确诊阳性患者的流行病学特征
Table 2. Epidemiological characteristics of HIV-infected patientsduring 2016—2018
变量 男性 女性 例数 百分比(%) 例数 百分比(%) 年龄(岁) < 30 96 23.36 33 42.31 30~ 141 34.31 11 14.10 ≥50 174 42.34 34 43.59 职业 家政、家务及待业 134 32.60 51 65.38 农民、民工及工人 95 23.11 16 20.51 离退人员 32 7.79 4 5.13 商业服务 45 10.95 1 1.28 干部职员 67 16.30 4 5.13 其他 39 9.49 1 1.28 婚姻情况 未婚 159 38.69 6 7.69 已婚有配偶 164 39.90 50 64.10 离异或丧偶 74 18.00 19 24.36 不详 14 3.41 3 3.85 民族 汉族 400 97.32 73 93.59 其他 11 2.68 5 6.41 文化程度 小学及以下 125 30.41 47 60.26 初中、高中及中专 145 35.28 26 33.33 大专及以上 141 34.31 5 6.41 合计 411 100.00 78 100.00
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表 3 2016—2018年某医院HIV确诊阳性病例科室分布及不同科室阳性发现率
Table 3. The department distribution of HIV-infected patients and the positive rate of patients in different departments from 2016 to 2018
科室 HIV阳性确诊人数 HIV合计确诊阳性人数 HIV抗体筛查人次 发现病例的构成比(%) 阳性发现率(%) 2016年 2017年 2018年 皮肤科 25 28 40 93 4 015 19.02 2.32 呼吸科 28 22 36 86 12 185 17.59 0.71 方便门诊 16 19 15 50 3 937 10.22 1.27 血液风湿科 16 7 17 40 5 401 8.18 0.74 消化科 11 13 10 34 12 161 6.95 0.28 心内科 12 9 10 31 9 330 6.34 0.33 其他 35 63 57 155 157 612 31.70 0.10 合计 143 161 185 489 204 641 100.00 0.24
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