Analysis on death cause and life loss of malignant tumor in Wuhai from 2015 to 2018
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摘要:
目的 分析乌海市居民恶性肿瘤死亡分布特点,为制定相应干预措施提供依据。 方法 根据2015—2018年乌海市居民死亡资料,计算恶性肿瘤死亡率、死因构成、死因顺位及寿命损失指标等。 结果 乌海市居民男性、女性和合计恶性肿瘤死亡率分别为199.66/10万、122.99/10万和163.02/10万,标化死亡率分别为216.47/10万、142.68/10万和180.45/10万,男女性别比为1.52:1。男性和女性的前3位恶性肿瘤死因均为肺癌、胃癌和肝癌。15~岁组死亡率最低(2.46/10万);而85~岁组死亡率最高(3 042.28/10万)。14岁以前主要恶性肿瘤死因为白血病,15岁以后为肺癌、胃癌和肝癌。恶性肿瘤导致的潜在减寿年数(potential years of life lost,PYLL)占全死因的46.9%,男性和女性中均为肺癌最高;男性平均减寿年数(average years of life lost,AYLL)最高是肝癌,女性最高是乳腺癌,其次为宫颈癌。 结论 恶性肿瘤已经成为乌海市居民的主要致死原因之一,肺癌、胃癌和肝癌是严重危害乌海市居民健康的恶性肿瘤死因,也应重点防治女性乳腺癌和宫颈癌的发生。应有针对地开展提高居民健康水平的健康教育工作。 Abstract:Objective To analyze the characteristics of malignant tumor death distribution of residents in Wuhai City, and to provide basis for formulating corresponding intervention measures. Methods According to the death data of residents in Wuhai City from 2015 to 2018, the mortality rate, the constituent ratio of death cause, the order of death causes and the indicators of life loss of malignant tumors were calculated. Results The mortality rates of male, female and total malignant tumor were 199.66/100 000, 122.99/100 000 and 163.02/100 000 respectively, and the standard mortality rates were 216.47/100 000, 142.68/100 000 and 180.45/100 000 respectively. Ratio of male to female was 1.52:1. The top three causes of death for men and women were lung cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer. The lowest mortality rate was 2.46/100 000 in the aged 15 to 19 years, while the highest mortality rate was 3042.28/100 000 in the aged 85 years or above. The major cause of malignancy death in aged before 14 years was leukemia, and in aged after 15 years was lung cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer. Potential years of life lost (PYLL) caused by malignancy accounted for 46.9% of all, and lung cancer was the highest among both men and women. Average years of life lost (AYLL) showed that liver cancer was the highest in men and breast cancer in women, followed by cervical cancer. Conclusions Malignant tumor has become one of the main causes of death for residents of Wuhai City. Lung cancer, stomach cancer and liver cancer are the causes of death of malignant tumors that seriously endanger the health of residents in Wuhai City. In addition, the prevention and treatment of female breast cancer and cervical cancer should also be emphasized. There should be targeted work to reduce malignant tumor mortality and improve the health of residents. -
Key words:
- Death surveillance /
- Malignant tumor /
- Mortality rate /
- Loss of life
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表 1 2015—2018年乌海市居民恶性肿瘤主要死因顺位
Table 1. Rank order of causes of death of malignant tumors in Wuhai residents from 2015 to 2018
死因
顺位男性 女性 合计 死因 死亡人数 构成比(%) 死亡率(/10万) 死因 死亡人数 构成比(%) 死亡率(/10万) 死因 死亡人数 构成比(%) 死亡率(/10万) 1 肺癌 740 31.9 63.68 肺癌 309 23.62 29.06 肺癌 1 049 28.91 47.14 2 胃癌 367 15.82 31.58 胃癌 145 11.09 13.63 胃癌 512 14.11 23.01 3 肝癌 309 13.32 26.59 肝癌 143 10.93 13.45 肝癌 452 12.46 20.31 4 食管癌 133 5.73 11.45 乳腺癌 98 7.49 9.22 食管癌 173 4.77 7.77 5 结肠癌 80 3.45 6.88 宫颈癌 66 5.05 6.21 胰腺癌 133 3.67 5.98 6 直肠癌 78 3.36 6.71 胰腺癌 63 4.82 5.92 结肠癌 132 3.64 5.93 7 胰腺癌 70 3.02 6.02 结肠癌 52 3.98 4.89 直肠癌 125 3.45 5.62 8 膀胱癌 53 2.28 4.56 直肠癌 47 3.59 4.42 乳腺癌 99 2.73 4.45 9 前列腺癌 37 1.59 3.18 食管癌 40 3.06 3.76 宫颈癌 66 1.82 2.79 10 胆囊癌 32 1.38 2.75 卵巢癌 32 2.45 3.01 膀胱癌 64 1.76 2.88 合计 1 899 81.85 163.43 995 76.07 93.56 2 805 77.32 126.04 表 2 2015—2018年乌海市居民不同年龄组恶性肿瘤主要死因顺位
Table 2. Rank order of causes of death of malignant tumors in different age groups of Wuhai residents
死因
顺位0~岁 15~岁 40~岁 ≥65岁 死因 构成比(%) 死亡率(/10万) 死因 构成比(%) 死亡率(/10万) 死因 构成比(%) 死亡率(/10万) 死因 构成比(%) 死亡率(/10万) 1 淋巴样白血病 27.78 1.81 胃癌 18.95 1.99 肺癌 25.39 41.54 肺癌 32.15 356.66 2 未特指类型白血病 27.78 1.81 肝癌 15.79 1.66 肝癌 16.79 27.46 胃癌 14.19 157.41 3 脑脊膜癌 11.11 0.73 肺癌 13.68 1.43 胃癌 13.85 22.65 肝癌 9.57 106.16 4 脑癌 11.11 0.73 白血病 9.47 0.99 乳腺癌 4.66 7.63 食管癌 5.42 60.14 5 其他和不明部位癌 5.56 0.36 乳腺癌 6.32 0.66 食管癌 4.02 6.57 直肠癌 4.34 48.11 6 弥漫性非霍奇金淋巴癌 5.56 0.36 脑癌 4.21 0.44 结肠癌 3.44 5.63 胰腺癌 4.01 44.45 7 多发性骨髓瘤和恶性浆细胞肿瘤 5.56 0.36 淋巴、造血其他癌 3.16 0.33 胰腺癌 3.3 5.4 结肠癌 3.82 42.36 8 淋巴、造血和有关组织其他额
未特指的癌5.56 0.36 结肠癌 3.16 0.33 宫颈癌 2.94 4.81 膀胱癌 2.45 27.19 9 胆囊癌 3.16 0.33 直肠癌 2.3 3.75 前列腺癌 1.6 17.78 10 宫颈癌 3.16 0.33 胆囊癌 1.79 2.93 乳腺癌 1.32 14.64 合计 100 6.53 81.05 8.50 78.48 128.37 78.88 879.91 表 3 2015—2018年乌海市居民主要恶性肿瘤死因寿命损失分析
Table 3. Analysis of life loss of major malignant tumors in Wuhai residents from 2015 to 2018
死因
顺位男性 女性 合计 肿瘤
类型PYLL
(人年)PYLLR
(‰)SPYLL
(人年)SPYLLR
(‰)AYLL
(年)肿瘤
类型PYLL
(人年)PYLLR
(‰)SPYLL
(人年)SPYLLR
(‰)AYLL
(年)肿瘤
类型PYLL
(人年)PYLLR
(‰)SPYLL
(人年)SPYLLR
(‰)AYLL
(年)1 肺癌 5 143 4.43 4 836 4.16 6.95 肺癌 3 308 3.11 2 787 2.62 10.71 肺癌 9 276 4.17 4 215 1.89 8.84 2 肝癌 4 657 4.01 4 511 3.88 15.17 乳腺癌 2 290 2.15 2 136 2.01 23.37 肝癌 6 439 2.89 3 152 1.42 14.25 3 胃癌 3 038 2.61 2 739 2.36 8.28 胃癌 2 111 1.98 1 727 1.62 14.56 胃癌 5 819 2.61 2 629 1.18 11.37 4 食管癌 857 0.74 760 0.65 6.44 肝癌 1 474 1.39 1 240 1.17 10.31 乳腺癌 2 070 0.93 987 0.44 20.91 5 胰腺癌 729 0.63 673 0.58 10.41 宫颈癌 1 384 1.30 1 216 1.14 20.97 胰腺癌 1 401 0.63 637 0.29 10.53 全恶性肿瘤死因 20 749 17.86 19 683 16.94 8.94 17 285 16.25 14 990 14.1 13.21 40 463 18.18 18 369 16.17 11.15 -
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