Abstract: James Lind (1716-1794) was a British Navy surgeon and one of the leaders of British hygiene. In the 18th century, human activities on the sea of Europe were ravaged by various diseases. Lind found that orange and lemon could effectively prevent and treat scurvy diseases through clinical comparative tests, and put forward a series of health measures to improve crew health, which significantly reduced the incidence and mortality of typhoid fever. Meanwhile, he linked the occurrence of diseases with the geographical environment in which he lived to promote the development of medical geography. Up to now, many of his health thoughts are still in use.