1990-2019年兴化市甲乙类肠道传染病流行特征分析

尤金辉; 卫平民; 董道根

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.11.020

1990-2019年兴化市甲乙类肠道传染病流行特征分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2020.11.020

1.
210009 南京，东南大学公共卫生学院
2.
225700 泰州，江苏省兴化市疾病预防控制中心

基金项目:

教育部人文社科研究规划基金 16YJA840014

详细信息

通讯作者:
卫平民，E-mail：mpw1963@126.com

中图分类号: R181
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2020-06-17
- 修回日期: 2020-09-15
- 刊出日期: 2020-11-10

Analysis on epidemiological characteristics of type A and B intestinal infectious diseases in Xinghua City from 1990 to 2019

1.
School of Public Health, Southeast University, Nanjing 210009, China
2.
Xinghua Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Taizhou 225700, China

Funds:

Ministry of Education and Social Sciences Research and Planning Fund 16YJA840014

More Information

Corresponding author: WEI Ping-min, E-mail:mpw1963@126.com

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨1990-2019年兴化市甲乙类肠道传染病发病趋势和流行特征，为制定其防控策略和措施提供依据。方法对兴化市1990-2019年甲乙类肠道传染病资料进行描述性分析。结果兴化市1990-2019年共报告甲乙类肠道传染病7种30 282例，年均发病率69.66/10万。1990-1999年、2000-2009年、2010-2019年平均发病率分别为161.30/10万、21.29/10万、18.35/10万，发病率呈下降趋势(x_趋势²=56 574.719，P < 0.001)。1990-1999年甲肝、伤寒副伤寒高发，占总发病的78.58%，2000-2009年发病以肝炎(未分型)、甲肝为主，占65.87%，2010年后肝炎(未分型)、戊肝发病占69.81%。三个时期病人的性别和年龄组构成差异均有统计学意义(均有P < 0.05)；农村和市区发病数分别占74.35%、25.65%，主要发病人群是农民、学生、散居儿童和工人；1990-1999年、2000-2009年发病呈明显双峰分布，高峰在每年3月和7-10月，2010-2019年季节性不明显，全年发病趋于平缓。结论 1990-2019年兴化市甲乙类肠道传染病发病明显下降，防制效果显著；今后需加强对农村地区、农民、学生、散居儿童和中老年人的防控，结合新时期甲乙类肠道传染病的发病特点，采取综合性的干预措施
- 肠道传染病 /
- 流行特征 /
- 发病率
Abstract: Objective To explore the incidence trend and epidemic features of type A and B intestinal infectious diseases, and to provide scientific basis for prevention and control. Methods Data of type A and B intestinal infectious diseases reported in Xinghua from 1990 to 2019 were analyzed by descriptive epidemiology. Results A total of 30 282 cases with 7 categories of type A and B intestinal infectious diseases were reported in Xinghua from 1990 to 2019.The average annual incidence was 69.66 per 100 000 population. The incidence showed a decreasing trends (x²=56 574.719, P < 0.001) with 161.30 per 100 000, 21.29 per 100 000, and 18. 35 per 100 000 in the 1990-1999, 2000-2009, and 2010-2019 periods respectively.The main distribution of cases were hepatitis A and typhoid and paratyphoid in 1990-1999, unclassified hepatitis and hepatitis A in 2000-2009, and unclassified hepatitis and hepatitis E in 2010-2019. The constituent ratio was 78.58%, 65.87% and 69.81%, respectively. There were significant differences with the sex and ages between three decades. Additionally, the cases in rural and urban areas accounted for 74.35% and 25.65% while the majority of patients were farmers, students, scattered children and workers. The incidence peaked in March and July to October in 1990-1999 and 2000-2009, exhibiting a double peak distribution, while the seasonality of 2010-2019 was not obvious. Conclusions The effects were notable in category A and B intestinal infectious diseases control and prevention with the incidence rates have declined significantly in Xinghua City from 1990 to 2019. Therefore, it is essential to strengthen the supervision of intestinal infectious disease in rural areas as well as farmers, students, scattered children and the elderly. Combined with the characteristics of A and B intestinal infectious diseases in the new era, comprehensive prevention and control measures should be taken to reduce the incidence rate.
- Intestinal infectious diseases /
- Epidemic feature /
- Incidence

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图 1 1990-2019年兴化市甲乙类肠道传染病病人月发病分布

Figure 1. Lunar distribution of type a and b intestinal infectious diseases from 1990 to 2019

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表 1 1990-2019年兴化市7类甲乙类肠道传染病发病情况

Table 1. The incidence of 7 kinds of type a and b intestinal infectious diseases in Xinghua City from 1990 to 2019

病种	1990-1999年			2000-2009年			2010-2019年
病种	发病数	发病率(/10万)	构成比(%)	发病数	发病率(/10万)	构成比(%)	发病数	发病率(/10万)	构成比(%)
霍乱	52	0.34	0.21	0	0.00	0.00	0	0.00	0.00
甲肝	10 202	66.71	41.36	1 028	6.8	31.93	247	1.89	10.31
戊肝	1	0.01	0.00	185	1.22	5.75	544	4.17	22.71
肝炎(未分型)	1 770	11.57	7.18	1 093	7.23	33.94	1 128	8.64	47.10
细菌性痢疾	3 217	21.04	13.04	533	3.52	16.55	430	3.29	17.95
阿米巴行痢疾	243	1.59	0.99	19	0.13	0.59	8	0.06	0.33
伤寒副伤寒	9 182	60.04	37.22	362	2.39	11.24	38	0.29	1.59
合计	24 667	161.30	100.00	3 220	21.29	100.00	2 395	18.35	100.00

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表 2 1990-2019年兴化市甲乙类肠道传染病病人的性别和年龄分布[n(%)]

Table 2. Gender and age distribution of type a and b intestinal infectious diseases in Xinghua City from 1990 to 2019 [n(%)]

一般特征	1990-1999年		2000-2009年		2010-2019年		x²值	P值
一般特征	发病数(人)	构成比(%)	发病数(人)	构成比(%)	发病数(人)	构成比(%)	x²值	P值
性别							152.302	< 0.001
男性	14 651	59.40	2 250	69.88	1 565	65.34
女性	10 016	40.60	970	30.12	830	34.66
年龄(岁)							6 956.755	< 0.001
<10	6 036	24.47	190	5.90	147	6.14
10~	4 446	18.02	197	6.12	64	2.67
20~	6 559	26.59	334	10.37	166	6.93
30~	3 351	13.58	538	16.71	240	10.02
40~	2 039	8.27	605	18.79	516	21.54
50~	1 236	5.01	617	19.16	483	20.17
60~	737	2.99	447	13.88	504	21.04
70~	237	0.96	243	7.55	216	9.02
≥80	26	0.11	49	1.52	59	2.46

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