新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对中国成人慢性病治疗及健康状况的影响

胡以松; 王卫东

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.04.005

新型冠状病毒肺炎疫情对中国成人慢性病治疗及健康状况的影响

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.04.005

胡以松,
王卫东^,

100872 北京，中国人民大学中国调查与数据中心

基金项目: 中央高校建设世界一流大学(学科)和特色发展引导专项资金

详细信息

通讯作者:
王卫东，E-mail：wwd@ruc.edu.cn

中图分类号: R195
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-02-22
- 修回日期: 2021-03-12
- 网络出版日期: 2021-05-11
- 刊出日期: 2021-04-10

The effect of COVID-19 pandemic on chronic disease treatment and health condition among Chinese adults

HU Yi-song,
WANG Wei-dong^,

National Survey Research Center, Renmin University of China, Beijing 100872, China

Funds: Special Funds for Central Universities to Build World-Class Universities (Disciplines) and their Distinctive Development

More Information

Corresponding author: WANG Wei-dong, E-mail: wwd@ruc.edu.cn

摘要

摘要: 目的探讨COVID-19疫情对中国成人慢性病治疗及健康状况的影响。方法通过随机数字拨号方法在全国所有地市级行政单位抽取≥18岁的人群样本，通过云端电话调查系统开展问卷访问，于2020年11―12月共收集具有全国代表性的问卷5 972份。结果高血压患者、血脂异常患者、糖尿病/血糖升高患者中分别有2.2%、4.6%和8.8%的患者其治疗受COVID-19疫情的影响比较大或非常大。与疫情前相比，有4.2%的人群报告健康状况明显变差或有所变差。高血压患者中，自报健康状况越差，其治疗受COVID-19疫情的影响越大；血脂异常患者中，年龄越大、家庭收入低、自报健康状况越差，其血脂异常的治疗受COVID-19疫情的影响越大；中老年人、居住在城市的人群健康变差的可能性大。结论目前，中国高血压、血脂异常、糖尿病/血糖升高患者的治疗以及人群健康状况受疫情的影响不大，对于受影响较大的高危人群需要特别给予关注。
- COVID-19 /
- 高血压 /
- 血脂异常 /
- 高血糖 /
- 健康状况
Abstract: Objective To explore the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on chronic disease treatment and health condition among Chinese adults. Methods Random digital dialing method was used to extract respondents aged 18 years old and over from all prefectural level areas in China. A cloud-based telephone interviewing system was administered to do the questionnaire survey. A total number of 5 972 questionnaires were collected nationally from November to December 2020. Results The COVID-19 pandemic had some or high degree impact on hypertension treatment of 2.2% self-reported patients. In addition, 4.6% and 8.8% of patients with dyslipidemia and diabetes or high glucose were affected by COVID-19. Compared with prepandemic, a total number of 4.2% population reported a little bit or significantly worse health condition. Results showed that the treatment of hypertension was affected more by COVID-19 pandemic among patients with worse health condition. The treatment of dyslipidemia was affected more by COVID-19 pandemic among old age and low family income patients with worse health condition. Middle and old age, urban people had higher chance to getting worse heath during COVID-19 pandemic. Conclusions The COVID-19 pandemic has little impact on treatment of hypertension, dyslipidemia, diabetes or high glucose patients and overall health status among Chinese population at present. But special attention should paid to high risk population with chronic disease who disproportionately affected by pandemic.
- COVID-19 /
- Hypertension /
- Dyslipidemia /
- High glucose /
- Health status

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图 1 全国调查样本的地理分布图

Figure 1. Geographic distribution of the survey sample in China

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表 1 不同慢性病患病、健康状况及受疫情影响情况

Table 1. Different chronic disease prevalence, health status and affected state by pandemic

变量	例数	百分比(%)
高血压
有	647	10.8
无	5 324	89.2
COVID-19疫情对高血压治疗的影响
影响非常大	4	0.6
影响比较大	10	1.6
影响一般	59	9.2
影响比较小	40	6.2
基本没有影响	531	82.4
血脂异常
有	679	11.4
无	5 286	88.6
COVID-19疫情对血脂异常治疗的影响
影响非常大	7	1.0
影响比较大	24	3.6
影响一般	73	10.8
影响比较小	45	6.6
基本没有影响	528	78.0
糖尿病/血糖升高
有	299	5.0
无	5 672	95.0
COVID-19疫情对糖尿病/血糖治疗的影响
影响非常大	8	2.7
影响比较大	18	6.1
影响一般	41	13.8
影响比较小	16	5.4
基本没有影响	214	72.0
自报身体健康状况
很不健康	41	0.7
比较不健康	161	2.7
一般	1 342	22.5
比较健康	2 341	39.2
很健康	2 085	34.9
身体健康受到此次COVID-19疫情的影响
明显变差	24	0.4
有所变差	228	3.8
基本没变化	5 340	89.4
有所变好	263	4.4
明显变好	116	1.9

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表 2 不同特征人群慢性病患病及总体健康状况受COVID-19疫情的影响情况[n (%)]

Table 2. Chronic disease prevalence and overall health status affected by COVID-19 pandemic among different population [n (%)]

变量	对高血压的治疗有影响				对血脂异常的治疗有影响				对糖尿病/血糖升高的治疗有影响				身体健康变差
变量	例数(N)	n(%)	χ²值	P值	例数(N)	n(%)	χ²值	P值	例数(N)	n(%)	χ²值	P值	例数(N)	n(%)	χ²值	P值
性别			0.001	0.976			2.532	0.112			0.954	0.329			1.344	0.246
男性	478	84(17.6)			472	96(20.3)			216	57(26.4)			3 534	158(4.5)
女性	166	29(17.5)			205	53(25.8)			81	26(32.1)			2 437	94(3.9)
年龄(岁)			1.380	0.502			10.509	0.005			4.571	0.102			14.851	0.001
18~＜45	189	28(14.8)			270	43(15.9)			102	25(24.5)			4 367	158(3.6)
45~＜60	257	48(18.7)			256	63(24.6)			114	28(24.6)			1 111	67(6.0)
≥60	198	37(18.7)			151	43(28.5)			81	30(37.0)			493	24(5.5)
居住地区			0.038	0.846			0.758	0.384			0.097	0.755			12.921	< 0.001
城市	474	82(17.3)			564	120(21.3)			231	63(27.3)			4 679	221(4.7)
农村	167	30(18.0)			112	28(25.0)			65	19(29.2)			1 273	31(2.4)
受教育程度			1.943	0.584			3.712	0.294			2.011	0.570			6.059	0.109
初中及以下	166	34(20.5)			119	34(28.6)			73	25(34.2)			967	27(2.8)
高中/中专/技校	198	30(15.2)			174	36(20.7)			91	23(25.3)			1 177	52(4.4)
大学专科	124	23(18.6)			145	31(21.4)			52	13(25.0)			1 273	55(4.3)
大学本科及以上	156	26(16.7)			239	48(20.1)			81	22(27.2)			2 551	118(4.6)
家庭人均年收入(万元)			5.278	0.071			6.626	0.036			3.022	0.221			3.584	0.167
< 1	196	46(23.5)			184	54(29.4)			99	25(25.2)			1 385	66(4.8)
1~＜5	195	30(15.4)			174	42(24.1)			81	28(34.6)			1 585	56(3.5)
≥5	147	23(15.6)			203	37(18.2)			66	15(22.7)			1 620	76(4.7)
自报身体健康状况			16.983	0.001			18.656	< 0.001			1.340	0.720
很不或比较不健康	66	20(30.3)			69	21(30.4)			45	15(33.3)
一般	235	51(21.7)			257	72(28.0)			131	38(29.0)
比较健康	237	30(12.7)			258	47(18.2)			86	21(24.4)
很健康	106	12(11.3)			93	9(9.7)			35	9(25.7)

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