江苏省22 083名心血管病高危人群健康生活方式的现状分析

潘子瑞; 孙中明; 文进博; 覃玉; 苏健; 崔岚; 周金意; 武鸣; 陶然

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.08.014

江苏省22 083名心血管病高危人群健康生活方式的现状分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.08.014

潘子瑞¹,
孙中明²,
文进博²,
覃玉³,
苏健³,
崔岚³,
周金意³,
武鸣³,
陶然^3, ,

1.
221004 徐州，徐州医科大学公共卫生学院预防医学系
2.
223001 淮安，淮安市疾病预防控制中心慢性病防治科
3.
210009 南京，江苏省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染病防制所

基金项目:

国家重点研发计划 2016YFC1302603

中央财政转移支付地方卫生计生服务项目 Ministry of Finance〔2015〕No.82

详细信息

通讯作者:
陶然，E-mail: trltjy@163.com

中图分类号: R54
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-20
- 修回日期: 2021-04-20
- 网络出版日期: 2021-08-24
- 刊出日期: 2021-08-10

Analysis of healthy lifestyle status of 22 083 high-risk populations of cardiovascular disease in Jiangsu Province

1.
Department of Preventive Medicine, School of Public Health, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
2.
Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Huai'an Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Huai'an 223001, China
3.
Department of Chronic Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China

Funds:

National Key Research and Development Plan of China 2016YFC1302603

The Ministry of Finance of China and National Health and Family Planning Commission of China Ministry of Finance〔2015〕No.82

More Information

Corresponding author: TAO Ran, E-mail: trltjy@163.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解江苏省城乡居民心血管病(cardiovascular disease, CVD)高危人群的健康生活方式的分布特征。方法在2015-2018年度全国CVD高危人群筛查与综合干预项目江苏省研究数据基础上，分析全省CVD高危人群的健康生活方式状况及其三间分布。结果 22 083名CVD高危人群中，当前不吸烟、不过量饮酒、健康饮食、积极体力活动、健康体重和健康体脂等健康生活方式的比例分别为79.85%、91.55%、8.31%、25.02%、24.41%和28.24%。全部研究对象健康生活方式评分为(2.57±1.05)分，84.96%的对象同时具有2~4种健康生活方式因素，但所有生活方式因素均健康的个案所占比例仅0.20%。相比而言，女性、低年龄组、农村地区、高文化程度者同时具备≥4项健康生活方式的比例更高(均有P < 0.05)。4种高危类型中，血压高型高危人群的健康生活方式评分最高，为(2.58±1.04)分，CVD患病风险≥20%型的健康生活方式评分最低，仅(2.38±1.04)分。结论江苏省CVD高危人群中相关生活方式均健康的比例很低，健康生活方式存在人群和城乡差异，应对高危人群采取有针对的综合干预措施，阻止其由“高危”向“患病”状态转变。
- 健康生活方式 /
- 心血管病 /
- 高危人群 /
- 分布
Abstract: Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of healthy lifestyle in urban and rural high-risk populations of cardiovascular disease (CVD)in Jiangsu Province. Methods Based on the data of national CVD screening and comprehensive intervention project during 2015-2018 in Jiangsu Province, we analyzed the healthy lifestyle status and its distribution among high-risk population of CVD in Jiangsu province. Results Among the 22 083 high-risk populations of CVD, the proportions of participants with non-smoking, non-excessive drinking, healthy diet, active physical activity, healthy weight and healthy body fat were 79.85%, 91.55%, 8.31%, 25.02%, 24.41% and 28.24%, respectively. The average score of healthy lifestyle was (2.57±1.05) points among all participants. 84.96% of the participants had 2-4 healthy lifestyles, and only 0.20% had all healthy lifestyles. The results indicated that participants of female, in low age group, of rural residents and with high education were more likely having high proportion of 4 or more healthy lifestyles when compared with its corresponding groups (all P < 0.05). Among the 4 types of high risk, participants with high blood pressure had the highest score (2.58±1.04), and participants with the risk of CVD ≥20% had the lowest score (2.38±1.04). Conclusion Participants with high risk of CVD had extremely low proportion of related lifestyles that are healthy in Jiangsu Province. Different groups and regions of participants with high risk of CVD had a statistical different healthy lifestyle. Comprehensive intervention measures should be taken to prevent the transition of participants from high-risk to disease.
- Healthy lifestyle /
- Cardiovascular disease /
- High-risk populations /
- Distribution

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图 1 不同类型高危人群的健康生活方式评分比较

Figure 1. Comparison of health lifestyle scores among different types of high risk groups

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表 1 不同特征的CVD高危人群的生活方式因素流行情况(%)

Table 1. The status of lifestyle factors in high-risk populations with different characteristics of CVD (%)

生活方式	合计[n(%)]	性别		P值	年龄组(岁)		P值	城乡		P值	文化程度		P值
生活方式	合计[n(%)]	男性	女性	P值	< 60	≥60	P值	城市	农村	P值	高中及以上	其他	P值
吸烟状况
从不或偶尔	17 116(77.51)	49.71	98.55	< 0.001	78.14	77.01	0.045	77.96	77.13	0.141	70.76	78.56	< 0.001
非因病戒烟	516(2.34)	5.31	0.09	< 0.001	1.72	2.82	< 0.001	2.55	2.15	0.049	3.62	2.14	< 0.001
经常或每天	4 451(20.16)	44.99	1.36	< 0.001	20.13	20.17	0.938	19.49	20.72	0.023	25.62	19.30	< 0.001
饮酒状况
从不或偶尔	17 365(78.60)	54.04	97.18	< 0.001	77.25	79.60	< 0.001	79.80	77.59	< 0.001	70.29	79.89	< 0.001
一般饮酒	820(3.71)	7.58	0.79	< 0.001	5.07	2.65	< 0.001	3.85	3.60	0.335	7.18	3.17	< 0.001
经常适量	2 042(9.25)	19.15	1.75	< 0.001	7.34	10.74	< 0.001	8.39	9.96	< 0.001	10.40	9.07	0.020
经常过量	1 865(8.45)	19.23	0.28	< 0.001	10.33	6.97	< 0.001	7.96	8.85	0.018	12.14	7.87	< 0.001
膳食得分(分)
0~ < 2	6 785(30.72)	29.09	31.96	< 0.001	29.35	31.80	< 0.001	30.91	30.57	0.590	24.98	31.62	< 0.001
2~ < 4	13 463(60.97)	63.00	59.42	< 0.001	61.60	60.47	0.086	58.22	63.27	< 0.001	61.27	60.92	0.716
4~5	1 835(8.31)	7.90	8.62	0.058	9.04	7.73	0.001	10.88	6.16	< 0.001	13.75	7.46	< 0.001
体力活动
< P₂₅	5 394(24.43)	24.98	24.00	0.093	16.96	30.27	< 0.001	28.93	20.66	< 0.001	20.15	25.09	< 0.001
P₂₅~ < P₅₀	5 647(25.57)	23.07	27.46	< 0.001	19.43	30.38	< 0.001	27.59	23.89	< 0.001	26.09	25.49	0.486
P₅₀~ < P₇₅	5 517(24.98)	21.52	27.61	< 0.001	27.73	22.83	< 0.001	21.82	27.63	< 0.001	29.48	24.28	< 0.001
≥P₇₅	5 525(25.02)	30.43	20.92	< 0.001	35.88	16.52	< 0.001	21.66	27.83	< 0.001	24.28	25.13	0.316
体格状态
体重过低	92(0.42)	0.39	0.44	0.578	0.20	0.59	< 0.001	0.30	0.52	0.012	0.27	0.44	0.176
体重正常	5 390(24.41)	24.08	24.66	0.324	22.10	26.21	< 0.001	22.27	26.20	< 0.001	23.98	24.48	0.556
超重	10 209(46.23)	47.90	44.97	< 0.001	46.02	46.40	0.578	47.58	45.10	< 0.001	48.52	45.87	0.007
肥胖	6 392(28.95)	27.63	29.94	< 0.001	31.68	26.80	< 0.001	29.85	28.19	0.006	27.23	29.21	0.026
中心性肥胖
是	15 847(71.76)	69.88	73.19	< 0.001	72.36	71.29	0.08	76.48	67.81	< 0.001	71.63	71.78	0.864
否	6 236(28.24)	30.12	26.81	< 0.001	27.64	28.71	0.08	23.52	32.19	< 0.001	28.37	28.22	0.864

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表 2 不同特征CVD高危人群健康生活方式评分分布[n (%)]

Table 2. Distribution of health lifestyle scores in high-risk groups with different characteristics of CVD [n (%)]

特征	平均评分(x±s)	评分分布(分)
特征	平均评分(x±s)	0	1	2	3	4	5	6
性别
男性	2.28±1.12	390(4.10)	1 855(19.50)	3 600(37.84)	2 284(24.01)	1 121(11.78)	253(2.66)	11(0.12)
女性	2.79±0.93	3(0.02)	104(0.82)	5 912(47.04)	3 754(29.87)	2 090(16.63)	672(5.35)	34(0.27)
t/χ²值	36.08	514.52	2 234.90	186.81	93.62	102.32	97.44	6.39
P值	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.015
年龄组(岁)
< 60	2.64±1.08	205(2.11)	796(8.21)	3 823(39.43)	2 894(29.85)	1 427(14.72)	521(5.37)	30(0.31)
≥60	2.52±1.01	188(1.52)	1 163(9.39)	5 689(45.93)	3 144(25.38)	1 784(14.40)	404(3.26)	15(0.12)
t/χ²值	-8.52	11.07	9.36	93.672	54.601	0.435	60.44	9.48
P值	< 0.001	0.001	0.002	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.510	< 0.001	0.002
城乡
城市	2.63±1.06	201(2.00)	928(9.23)	4 548(45.21)	2 712(26.96)	1 300(12.92)	344(3.42)	26(0.26)
农村	2.51±1.02	192(1.60)	1 031(8.57)	4 964(41.28)	3 326(27.66)	1 911(15.89)	581(4.83)	19(0.16)
t/χ²值	8.48	5.05	2.87	34.48	1.35	38.87	27.22	2.72
P值	< 0.001	0.028	0.092	< 0.001	0.245	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.102
文化程度
高中及以上	2.53±1.15	90(3.02)	392(13.15)	1 122(37.63)	785(26.32)	436(14.62)	144(4.83)	13(0.44)
其他	2.58±1.03	303(1.59)	1 567(8.20)	8 390(43.92)	5 253(27.50)	2 775(14.53)	781(4.09)	32(0.17)
t/χ²值	-2.46	30.25	77.92	44.44	1.80	0.018	3.52	9.14
P值	0.014	< 0.001	< 0.001	< 0.001	0.180	0.893	0.062	0.005
合计	2.57±1.05	393(1.78)	1 959(8.87)	9 512(43.07)	6 038(27.34)	3 211(14.54)	925(4.19)	45(0.20)

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