2017年―2018年南京市成人居民慢性病相关危险因素

王巍巍; 苏健; 周金意; 杨华凤; 戚圣香; 王琛琛; 周海茸; 李潮; 叶青; 秦真真; 吴洁; 洪忻

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.11.005

2017年―2018年南京市成人居民慢性病相关危险因素

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.11.005

1.
210003 南京，南京市疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染病防制科
2.
210009 南京，江苏省疾病预防控制中心慢性非传染病防制所

基金项目:

南京市医学科技发展项目 ZKX18049

南京市医学科技发展项目 YKK17199

详细信息

通讯作者:
洪忻，E-mail: nj_hongxin@126.com

中图分类号: R195.4;R181.1
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- HTML全文浏览量: 265
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- 被引次数: 0
出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-01-11
- 修回日期: 2021-02-27
- 网络出版日期: 2021-12-04
- 刊出日期: 2021-11-10

Risk factors of chronic diseases among adult residents in Nanjing City from 2017 to 2018

1.
Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing Municipal Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210003, China
2.
Department of Chronic and Non-communicable Disease Control and Prevention, Jiangsu Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Nanjing 210009, China

Funds:

Nanjing Municipal Medical Science and Technique Development Foundation ZKX18049

Nanjing Municipal Medical Science and Technique Development Foundation YKK17199

More Information

Corresponding author: HONG Xin, E-mail: nj_hongxin@126.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解南京市成人居民慢性病相关危险因素流行特征、关联性和聚集性。方法利用2017―2018年南京市慢性病及其危险因素监测数据，分析≥18岁居民慢性病4项主要行为危险因素(现在吸烟、有害饮酒、蔬菜水果摄入不足及身体活动不足)和4项主要代谢危险因素(超重/肥胖、血压升高、血糖升高及血脂异常)的流行特征，采用多水平模型分析慢性病危险因素间的关联性及其聚集性。结果共纳入60 283名研究对象。蔬菜水果摄入不足、身体活动不足、现在吸烟及有害饮酒的比例分别为49.94%、28.19%、22.26%及7.40%，超重/肥胖、血脂异常、血压升高及血糖升高的比例分别为43.00%、28.35%、26.02%及9.39%。8项危险因素间存在20对正相关关系，差异均有统计学意义(均有P < 0.05)。0、1、2和≥3项危险因素的比例分别为15.09%、29.94%、26.17%和28.80%。男性、高年龄、郊县、低教育水平、离退休以及丧偶/离异/分居人群危险因素聚集的风险较高(均有P < 0.05)。结论南京市成人慢性病危险因素暴露率较高，两两间存在正向相关，针对重点人群应实施多种危险因素综合的防控策略。
- 慢性病 /
- 行为危险因素 /
- 代谢危险因素
Abstract: Objective To estimate the prevalence, clustering and association of risk factors in adult residents in Nanjing City. Methods Using the data of chronic diseases and risk factors surveillance in Nanjing City from 2017 to 2018, 4 behavioral risk factors (current smoking, harmful drinking, insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables, and insufficient physical activity) and 4 metabolic risk factors (overweight/obesity, raised blood pressure, raised fasting plasma glucose, and dyslipidemia) were analyzed in different characteristics of adults in Nanjing; and multilevel model was applied to analyze the association and clustering of chronic disease risk factors. Results A total of 60 283 community-dwelling adults included in this study were selected randomly. The proportions of insufficient intake of fruits and vegetables, insufficient physical activity, current smoking, and harmful drinking were 49.94%, 28.19%, 22.26%, and 7.40%, respectively; Overweight/obesity, dyslipidemia, raised blood pressure and raised fasting plasma glucose were 43.00%, 28.35%, 26.02%, and 9.39%, respectively. There were 20 pairs of postive correlations between the 8 risk factors, and the differences were statistically significant (all P < 0.05). The proportions of 0, 1, 2, and 3 or more risk factors were 15.09%, 29.94%, 26.17%, and 28.08%, respectively. Males, high age, suburbs, low education, retired, widowed/divorced/separated people were at higher risk of clustering risk factors (all P < 0.05). Conclusions The exposure rate of chronic disease behavior and metabolic risk factors of adult residents in Nanjing City were relatively high, and there was a positive correlation between different risk factors. Comprehensive prevention and control strategies for multiple risk factors should be implemented for key populations.
- Chronic diseases /
- Behavior risk factors /
- Metabolic risk factors

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表 1 2017年―2018年南京成人居民主要慢性病危险因素流行特征

Table 1. The prevalence of main chronic disease risk factors among adult residents in Nanjing from 2017 to 2018

变量	总人群(N=60 283)	性别		t/F/U/χ²值	P值
变量	总人群(N=60 283)	男性(n=29 848)	女性(n=30 435)	t/F/U/χ²值	P值
行为因素
日均吸烟量(支) ^a	10.25±5.91	10.34±5.92	7.48±5.30	6.792	< 0.001
日均饮酒量(g) ^a	13.60±3.16	25.02±4.01	2.46±1.22	92.429	< 0.001
日均蔬菜水果摄入量(g) ^a	433.92±281.13	422.99±276.03	444.65±285.63	10.188	< 0.001
每周身体活动量(METs) ^b	3 220.00(1 200.00，6 480.00)	3 100.00(1 120.00，6 300.00)	3 360.00(1 200.00，6 720.00)	5.993	< 0.001
代谢因素^a
BMI(kg/m²)	23.78±3.29	24.32±3.11	23.25±3.37	43.373	< 0.001
DBP(mm Hg)	77.67±14.28	79.15±13.90	76.23±14.49	25.569	< 0.001
SBP(mm Hg)	124.55±19.29	126.65±17.90	122.50±20.40	28.161	< 0.001
FPG(mmol/L)	5.34±1.53	5.42±1.60	5.26±1.46	11.623	< 0.001
LDL-C(mmol/L)	2.64±0.87	2.63±0.86	2.65±0.87	2.970	0.003
HDL-C(mmol/L)	1.47±0.52	1.41±0.53	1.52±0.51	25.282	< 0.001
TG(mmol/L)	1.51±0.94	1.61±1.09	1.41±0.96	21.332	< 0.001
TC(mmol/L)	4.62±1.18	4.58±1.10	4.67±1.13	10.846	< 0.001
行为危险因素(%) ^c
现在吸烟率	22.26(21.93~22.60)	43.45(42.89~44.02)	1.49(1.35~1.62)	15 335.528	< 0.001
有害饮酒率	7.40(7.19~7.61)	13.28(12.89~13.66)	1.64(1.49~1.78)	2 980.068	< 0.001
蔬菜水果摄入不足率	49.94(49.51~50.37)	48.33(47.73~48.94)	51.52(50.92~52.12)	53.216	< 0.001
身体活动不足率	28.19(27.83~28.55)	31.10(30.57~31.62)	25.34(24.85~25.83)	246.832	< 0.001
代谢危险因素(%) ^c
超重/肥胖率	43.00(42.61~43.40)	51.10(50.53~51.66)	35.06(34.53~35.60)	1 580.629	< 0.001
血压升高率	26.02(25.67~26.37)	28.74(28.23~29.26)	23.35(22.88~23.83)	227.503	< 0.001
血糖升高率	9.39(9.16~9.63)	10.33(9.99~10.68)	8.47(8.16~8.79)	61.155	< 0.001
血脂异常率	28.35(27.99~28.71)	30.77(30.25~31.30)	25.98(25.49~26.48)	170.150	< 0.001
注：^a正态分布的定量资料以(x±s)表示，组间比较采用t/F检验；^b偏态分布的定量资料以M(P₂₅，P₇₅)表示，组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验；^c分类资料以率(%)及其(95% CI)值表示，组间比较采用χ²检验。

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表 2 2017年―2018年南京成人居民主要慢性病危险因素关联性分析[OR(95% CI)]^a

Table 2. The association of main chronic disease risk factors among adult residents in Nanjing from 2017 to 2018 [OR(95% CI)]^a

危险因素	现在吸烟	有害饮酒	蔬菜水果摄入不足	身体活动不足	超重/肥胖	血压升高	FPG升高	血脂异常
现在吸烟	1.000
有害饮酒	3.848(3.573~4.162) ^b	1.000
蔬菜水果摄入不足	1.013(0.968~1.071) ^c	0.998(0.927~1.074) ^c	1.000
身体活动不足	1.015(0.973~1.074) ^c	1.082(1.001~1.146) ^b	1.313(1.257~1.361) ^b	1.000
超重/肥胖	1.142(1.088~1.186) ^b	1.566(1.472~1.666) ^b	0.988(0.953~1.017) ^c	1.055(1.022~1.103) ^b	1.000
血压升高	1.287(1.202~1.365) ^b	1.689(1.552~1.844) ^b	1.062(1.001~1.114) ^b	1.005(0.945~1.062) ^c	2.338(2.211~2.454) ^b	1.000
FPG升高	1.309(1.191~1.437) ^b	1.419(1.248~1.606) ^b	1.060(0.983~1.138) ^c	1.111(1.032~1.119) ^b	1.666(1.552~1.796) ^b	1.930(1.779~2.088) ^b	1.000
血脂异常	1.393(1.320~1.471) ^b	1.422(1.333~1.532) ^b	0.909(0.958~1.052) ^c	0.993(0.952~1.030) ^c	1.747(1.681~1.822) ^b	1.660(1.567~1.745) ^b	2.247(2.092~2.431) ^b	1.000
注：^a所有OR值均调整年龄、性别、地区、受教育水平及职业类型协变量；^bP < 0.01；^c P＞0.05。

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表 3 2017年―2018年南京成人居民主要慢性病危险因素聚集情况及多水平模型分析

Table 3. Clustering of main chronic disease risk factors and analysis the association by multilevel model among adult residents in Nanjing from 2017 to 2018

特征	暴露情况[n(%)] ^a				χ²值	P值	多水平模型分析[OR(95% CI)] ^b
特征	0项	1项	2项	≥3项	χ²值	P值	1项	2项	≥3项
性别					5 264.578	< 0.001
女	6 458(21.22)	10 940(35.59)	7 793(25.61)	5 244(17.23)			1.000	1.000	1.000
男	2 640(8.84)	7 110(23.82)	7 985(26.74)	12 116(40.59)			1.602(1.516~1.694)	2.537(2.413~2.691)	5.788(5.481~6.127)
年龄组(岁)					4 827.126	< 0.001
18~＜35	5 321(22.97)	8 670(37.43)	5 559(24.00)	3 612(15.59)			1.000	1.000	1.000
35~＜60	2 945(11.53)	6 954(27.24)	7 001(27.42)	8 443(33.81)			1.298(1.214~1.388)	1.827(1.702~1.961)	2.930(2.716~3.161)
≥60	832(7.18)	2 426(20.93)	3 215(27.74)	5 116(44.15)			1.456(1.302~1.629)	2.412(2.153~2.702)	4.496(4.002~5.052)
地区					283.241	< 0.001
城区	6 248(16.10)	11 987(30.88)	10 239(26.38)	10 340(26.64)			1.000	1.000	1.000
郊县	2 850(13.27)	6 063(28.24)	5 536(25.79)	7 020(32.70)			1.157(1.089~1.229)	1.277(1.198 ~1.361)	1.691(1.582~1.807)
受教育水平					2 497.250	< 0.001
大专及以上	5 660(20.36)	9 751(34.94)	6 902(24.82)	5 528(19.88)			1.000	1.000	1.000
初中/高中	2 941(10.88)	7 010(25.94)	7 307(27.04)	9 762(36.13)			1.381(1.314~1.456)	2.054(1.938~2.172)	3.443(3.251~3.637)
小学及以下	497(9.11)	1 325(24.28)	1 566(28.69)	2 070(37.93)			1.552(1.389~1.725)	2.605(2.341~2.989)	4.269(3.840~4.752)
职业类型					2 333.346	< 0.001
蓝领人员	1 923(14.42)	3 710(27.82)	3 439(25.79)	4 262(31.96)			1.000	1.000	1.000
服务人员	1 185(16.48)	2 273(31.60)	1 877(26.10)	1 857(25.82)			1.103(1.007~1.209)	1.133(1.029~1.248)	1.121(1.014~1.239)
白领人员	3 380(17.42)	6 446(33.22)	4 932(25.41)	4 648(23.95)			1.155(1.072~1.244)	1.121(1.036~1.213)	1.084(0.998~1.177)
学生	1 014(26.44)	1 542(40.21)	919(23.96)	360(9.39)			1.038(0.925~1.164)	0.935(0.822~1.063)	0.478(0.407~0.560)
离退休人员	1 596(9.66)	4 079(24.70)	4 608(27.90)	6 233(37.74)			1.246(1.140~1.362)	1.442(1.316~1.579)	1.677(1.529~1.840)
婚姻状况					2 019.420	< 0.001
未婚	2 578(24.42)	3 986(37.76)	2 489(23.58)	1 503(14.24)			1.000	1.000	1.000
已婚/同居	6 297(13.25)	13 520(28.44)	12 676(26.67)	15 043(31.65)			1.173(1.087~1.267)	1.347(1.237~1.467)	1.607(1.460~1.769)
丧偶/离异/分居	223(10.18)	544(24.83)	610(27.84)	814(37.15)			1.183(0.991~1.411)	1.448(1.210~1.734)	1.946(1.617~2.341)
注：^a暴露率均经复杂加权后计算；^b本分析将慢性病危险因素聚集情况作为因变量，以0项危险因素作为参照组，即1项比0项，2项比0项，≥3项比0项，所有OR值均调整年龄、性别、地区、受教育水平及职业类型协变量，均有P＜0.001。

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变量	总人群(N=60 283)	性别		t/F/U/χ²值	P值
变量	总人群(N=60 283)	男性(n=29 848)	女性(n=30 435)	t/F/U/χ²值	P值
行为因素
日均吸烟量(支) ^a	10.25±5.91	10.34±5.92	7.48±5.30	6.792	< 0.001
日均饮酒量(g) ^a	13.60±3.16	25.02±4.01	2.46±1.22	92.429	< 0.001
日均蔬菜水果摄入量(g) ^a	433.92±281.13	422.99±276.03	444.65±285.63	10.188	< 0.001
每周身体活动量(METs) ^b	3 220.00(1 200.00，6 480.00)	3 100.00(1 120.00，6 300.00)	3 360.00(1 200.00，6 720.00)	5.993	< 0.001
代谢因素^a
BMI(kg/m²)	23.78±3.29	24.32±3.11	23.25±3.37	43.373	< 0.001
DBP(mm Hg)	77.67±14.28	79.15±13.90	76.23±14.49	25.569	< 0.001
SBP(mm Hg)	124.55±19.29	126.65±17.90	122.50±20.40	28.161	< 0.001
FPG(mmol/L)	5.34±1.53	5.42±1.60	5.26±1.46	11.623	< 0.001
LDL-C(mmol/L)	2.64±0.87	2.63±0.86	2.65±0.87	2.970	0.003
HDL-C(mmol/L)	1.47±0.52	1.41±0.53	1.52±0.51	25.282	< 0.001
TG(mmol/L)	1.51±0.94	1.61±1.09	1.41±0.96	21.332	< 0.001
TC(mmol/L)	4.62±1.18	4.58±1.10	4.67±1.13	10.846	< 0.001
行为危险因素(%) ^c
现在吸烟率	22.26(21.93~22.60)	43.45(42.89~44.02)	1.49(1.35~1.62)	15 335.528	< 0.001
有害饮酒率	7.40(7.19~7.61)	13.28(12.89~13.66)	1.64(1.49~1.78)	2 980.068	< 0.001
蔬菜水果摄入不足率	49.94(49.51~50.37)	48.33(47.73~48.94)	51.52(50.92~52.12)	53.216	< 0.001
身体活动不足率	28.19(27.83~28.55)	31.10(30.57~31.62)	25.34(24.85~25.83)	246.832	< 0.001
代谢危险因素(%) ^c
超重/肥胖率	43.00(42.61~43.40)	51.10(50.53~51.66)	35.06(34.53~35.60)	1 580.629	< 0.001
血压升高率	26.02(25.67~26.37)	28.74(28.23~29.26)	23.35(22.88~23.83)	227.503	< 0.001
血糖升高率	9.39(9.16~9.63)	10.33(9.99~10.68)	8.47(8.16~8.79)	61.155	< 0.001
血脂异常率	28.35(27.99~28.71)	30.77(30.25~31.30)	25.98(25.49~26.48)	170.150	< 0.001
注：^a正态分布的定量资料以(x±s)表示，组间比较采用t/F检验；^b偏态分布的定量资料以M(P₂₅，P₇₅)表示，组间比较采用Mann-Whitney U检验；^c分类资料以率(%)及其(95% CI)值表示，组间比较采用χ²检验。

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2017年―2018年南京市成人居民慢性病相关危险因素

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.11.005

通讯作者:
洪忻，E-mail: nj_hongxin@126.com

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Risk factors of chronic diseases among adult residents in Nanjing City from 2017 to 2018

Corresponding author: HONG Xin, E-mail: nj_hongxin@126.com

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留言板

2017年―2018年南京市成人居民慢性病相关危险因素

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2021.11.005

通讯作者: 洪忻，E-mail: nj_hongxin@126.com

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出版历程

Risk factors of chronic diseases among adult residents in Nanjing City from 2017 to 2018

Corresponding author: HONG Xin, E-mail: nj_hongxin@126.com

计量

出版历程

目录

通讯作者:
洪忻，E-mail: nj_hongxin@126.com