2016-2020年安徽省肺结核报告发病情况分析

鲍方进; 刘洁; 姚嵩; 张永忠

doi:10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.04.018

2016-2020年安徽省肺结核报告发病情况分析

doi: 10.16462/j.cnki.zhjbkz.2022.04.018

230022 合肥，安徽省结核病防治研究所结核病防治科

详细信息

通讯作者:
鲍方进，E-mail: 249969226@qq.com

中图分类号: R183
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出版历程
- 收稿日期: 2021-04-07
- 修回日期: 2021-08-22
- 网络出版日期: 2022-04-14
- 刊出日期: 2022-04-10

Analysis on reported incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2020

Department of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Anhui Institute of Tuberculosis Prevention and Control, Hefei 230022, China

More Information

Corresponding author: BAO Fang-jin, E-mail: 249969226@qq.com

摘要

摘要: 目的了解2016-2020年安徽省肺结核报告发病情况和变化趋势。方法通过《传染病报告信息管理系统》获取安徽省2016-2020年肺结核报告发病数据，利用Joinpoint回归模型分析时间趋势，并计算肺结核报告发病年度变化百分比；描述地域、年龄、性别及职业分布特征，并使用SPSS 22.0软件进行统计学分析。结果 2016-2020年安徽省肺结核报告发病率分别为59.41/10万(36 503/6 144万)、58.78/10万(36 418/6 196万)、54.40/10万(34 028/6 255万)、51.46/10万(32 543/6 324万)和43.81/10万(27 891/6 366万)，2020年较2016年下降了26.26%，年均递减率为7.15%(t=-5.10, P=0.015)。皖中区域报告发病率高于皖南和皖北区域(均有P＜0.05)。患者年龄以15~ < 60岁占比最高为55.91%，15岁以下患者构成比呈逐年上升趋势(χ² _趋势=12.03, P=0.001)；男性占72.03%，女性占27.97%，男女比例2.58∶1；职业以农民占比最高为71.78%，医务人员构成比呈逐年上升趋势(χ² _趋势=7.64, P=0.006)。报告肺结核患者病原学阳性比例呈逐年上升趋势(χ² _趋势=4 773.54, P＜0.001)。结论 2016-2020年安徽省肺结核报告发病率呈下降趋势，皖中区域报告发病率高于皖南和皖北区域，应重视农民和医务人员的结核病防控工作。
- 结核，肺 /
- 流行病学 /
- 发病率
Abstract: Objective To clarify the incidence and epidemic trends of pulmonary tuberculosis in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2020. Methods Data were derived from National Notifiable Disease Report System, and the reported cases of pulmonary tuberculosis in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2020 were retrieved. Joinpoint regression model was used to plot the time trends, and changes of reported incidence along with time were also calculated. The geographical and demographic distribution of the disease were described. Statistical analysis was performed in SPSS 22.0 software. Results The incidence of pulmonary tuberculosis in Anhui Province from 2016-2020 were 59.41/100 000 (36 503/61 440 000), 58.78/100 000 (36 418/61 960 000), 54.40/100 000 (34 028/62 550 000), 51.46/100 000 (32 543/63 240 000) and 43.81/100 000 (27 891/63 660 000), respectively. Compared to incidence in 2016, the incidence in 2020 decreased by 26.26%, and the mean declining rate was 7.15% per year (t=-5.10, P=0.015). The incidence was higher in central district than southern and northern district of Anhui Province (all P < 0.05). The 15- < 60 years old group accounted for the most of patients (55.91%). For those age less than 15 years old, the incidence increased year by year (χ² _trend=12.03, P=0.001). In all reported cases, male accounted for 72.03%, and female accounted for 27.97% (male∶female, 2.58∶1). For occupational distribution, most of the patients were farmer (71.78%), and the proportions of medical staffs increased year by year (χ² _trend=7.64, P=0.006). The proportion of patients with evidence of pathogen was also increased (χ² _trend=4 773.54, P < 0.001). Conclusions The reported incidence from 2016 to 2020 in Anhui Province has a decreased trend. Incidence is higher in central district. More attention should be paid on prevention and control of pulmonary tuberculosis in farmer and medical staffs.
- Tuberculosis, pulmonary /
- Epidemiology /
- Incidence

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图 1 2016-2020年安徽省肺结核报告发病时间趋势分析

^a P＜0.05。

Figure 1. The time trends of reported pulmonary tuberculosis in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2020

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表 1 2016-2020年安徽省不同类型肺结核报告发病情况

Table 1. The reported incidence of different type of pulmonary tuberculosis in Anhui Province from 2016 to 2020

年份(年)	人口数(万人)	报告发病数(例)					报告发病率(/10万)
年份(年)	人口数(万人)	肺结核	利福平耐药	病原学阳性	病原学阴性	无病原学结果	肺结核	利福平耐药	病原学阳性	病原学阴性	无病原学结果
2016	6 144	36 503	- ^a	10 594 ^b	23 153	2 756	59.41	- ^a	17.24	37.68	4.49
2017	6 196	36 418	140	11 020 ^b	23 029	2 229	58.78	0.23	17.79	37.17	3.60
2018	6 255	34 028	585	11 276 ^b	20 649	1 518	54.40	0.94	18.03	33.01	2.43
2019	6 324	32 543	559	13 985 ^b	15 135	2 864	51.46	0.88	22.11	23.93	4.53
2020	6 366	27 891	630	13 844 ^b	11 206	2 211	43.81	0.99	21.75	17.60	3.47
注：^a表示由于报告分类调整，部分年份无相关数据，用“-”表示；^b表示病原学阳性数为涂片阳性、仅培养阳性和仅分子检测阳性合计数。

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表 2 2016年和2020年安徽省不同区域肺结核报告发病情况

Table 2. Reported pulmonary tuberculosis in different area of Anhui Province in 2016 and 2020

地域	2016年			2020年
地域	人口数(万人)	报告发病数(例)	报告发病率(/10万)	人口数(万人)	报告发病数(例)	报告发病率(/10万)
皖南	2 072	12 665	61.12	2 154	10 209	47.40
皖中	1 676	10 699	63.84	1 723	8 176	47.45
皖北	2 396	13 139	54.84	2 489	9 506	38.19

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表 3 2016-2020年肺结核报告发病患者的年龄和性别分布[n (%)]

Table 3. Age and gender distribution of reported pulmonary tuberculosis from 2016 to 2020 [n (%)]

年份(年)	男性			女性			合计
年份(年)	< 15岁	15~ < 60岁	≥60岁	< 15岁	15~ < 60岁	≥60岁	< 15岁	15~ < 60岁	≥60岁
2016	76(0.29)	14 179(53.98)	12 013(45.73)	68(0.66)	6 349(62.04)	3 818(37.30)	144(0.39)	20 528(56.24)	15 831(43.37)
2017	85(0.32)	13 800(52.62)	12 343(47.06)	71(0.70)	6 070(59.56)	4 049(39.74)	156(0.43)	19 870(54.56)	16 392(45.01)
2018	84(0.34)	13 142(53.52)	11 329(46.14)	77(0.81)	5 808(61.31)	3 588(37.88)	161(0.47)	18 950(55.69)	14 917(43.84)
2019	78(0.33)	12 670(53.78)	10 811(45.89)	86(0.96)	5 700(63.44)	3 198(35.60)	164(0.50)	18 370(56.45)	14 009(43.05)
2020	72(0.36)	10 887(54.56)	8 996(45.08)	86(1.08)	4 990(62.88)	2 860(36.04)	158(0.57)	15 877(56.92)	11 856(42.51)
合计	395(0.33)	64 678(53.65)	55 492(46.02)	388(0.83)	28 917(61.76)	17 513(37.41)	783(0.47)	93 595(55.91)	73 005(43.62)

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表 4 2016-2020年肺结核报告发病患者的职业分布[n (%)]

Table 4. Occupational distribution of reported pulmonary tuberculosis from 2016 to 2020 [n (%)]

年份(年)	农民	家务及待业	学生	离退休人员	工人	医务人员	其他^a
2016	26 709(73.17)	3 159(8.65)	1 254(3.44)	1 638(4.49)	931(2.55)	93(0.25)	2 719(7.45)
2017	26 473(72.69)	3 068(8.42)	1 387(3.81)	1 772(4.87)	913(2.51)	107(0.29)	2 698(7.41)
2018	24 352(71.56)	2 935(8.63)	1 500(4.41)	1 807(5.31)	808(2.37)	121(0.36)	2 505(7.36)
2019	23 168(71.20)	3 067(9.42)	1 428(4.39)	1 807(5.55)	629(1.93)	159(0.49)	2 285(7.02)
2020	19 455(69.74)	2 836(10.17)	1 356(4.86)	1 505(5.40)	635(2.28)	175(0.63)	1 929(6.92)
合计	120 157(71.78)	15 065(9.00)	6 925(4.14)	8 529(5.10)	3 916(2.34)	655(0.39)	12 136(7.25)
注：^a表示包括有托幼儿童、散居儿童、保姆及保育员、教师、餐饮人员、公共场所及商业等服务人员、牧民、渔民、民工、干部职员、不详等。

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表 5 2016-2020年肺结核报告发病患者的病原学阳性情况

Table 5. Detection of pathogen in pulmonary tuberculosis patients from 2016 to 2020

年份(年)	患者例数(n)	病原学阳性例数(n)	病原学阳性率(%)
2016	36 503	10 594	29.02 ^a
2017	36 418	11 160	30.64 ^b
2018	34 028	11 681	34.33 ^b
2019	32 543	14 544	44.69 ^c
2020	27 891	14 474	51.89 ^c
注：^a表示“涂阳+仅培阳”例数占总患者例数的百分比；^b表示“利福平耐药+涂阳+仅培阳”例数占总患者例数的百分比；^c表示“利福平耐药+病原学阳性”例数占总患者例数的百分比。

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